Abstract: A method for connecting components using friction stir welding and a device for carrying out the stir friction welding method. A friction stir welding tool having a pin and a shoulder rotates about an axis of rotation and is moved along an advancement direction to connect the components. To obtain a high-quality weld with a simultaneously high welding speed, a friction stir welding tool having a shoulder movable relative to the pin is used and a rotational speed of the pin about the axis of rotation corresponds to at least 1.15 times, preferably at least 1.5 times, in particular 2 to 12 times, the rotational speed of the shoulder about the axis of rotation. The advancement speed is at least 1.0 m/min, preferably 2.0 m/min to 15 m/min.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool for a machine tool having a frame and a spindle rotatable relative to the frame. The friction stir welding tool includes a pin, a shoulder, and a drive shaft connectable to the spindle to set the pin and shoulder in rotational motion about a rotation axis, wherein the shoulder is rotatable relative to the pin about the rotation axis. To obtain different speeds of the pin and shoulder in a simple and robust manner, a planetary transmission having a ring gear, a planet carrier, and a sun gear is connected to the drive shaft, pin, and shoulder. The pin or the shoulder is connected to the planet carrier so that the pin and shoulder are set in rotation about the rotation axis at different rotational speeds, but in the same rotation direction, by driving the drive shaft by the spindle.

Abstract: Method for connecting components arranged on top of one another using friction stir welding. The components are clamped using a clamping device having an opening, and connected via a friction stir welding tool protruding through the opening and rotating about an axis. To connect the components, of which at least one has a small cross section, an upper component arranged on top of a lower component protrudes into the opening along an insertion direction through a groove on an underside of the clamping device and is fixed at least partially via the groove during the friction stir welding. Further, a composite component includes a lower component and an upper component which are connected using friction stir welding. Additionally, a device for connecting two components using friction stir welding, includes a friction stir welding tool that can be rotated about an axis and a clamping device having an opening.

Abstract: A method for joining or machining, in particular a friction stir welding method, using an apparatus, in which a tool, in particular a friction stir welding tool, is driven via a spindle with a spindle axis. To achieve high process reliability, even when the method is applied in poorly accessible positions, an adapter, in particular an angle head, is arranged between the spindle and the tool so that the tool axis about which the tool rotates does not coincide with the spindle axis. A force acting on the spindle is measured and the method is controlled depending on the force measured at the spindle. The apparatus for joining or machining, in particular for friction stir welding, includes a headstock with a spindle, which can be rotated about a spindle axis and a tool, in particular a friction stir welding tool, which can be driven about a tool axis by the spindle.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool for a machine tool having a frame and a spindle rotatable relative to the frame. The friction stir welding tool includes a pin, a shoulder, and a drive shaft connectable to the spindle to set the pin and the shoulder in rotational motion about a rotation axis, wherein the shoulder is rotatable relative to the pin about the rotation axis. To obtain different speeds of the pin and shoulder in a simple and robust manner, a planetary transmission having a ring gear, a planet carrier, and a sun gear is connected to the drive shaft, pin, and shoulder. The pin or the shoulder is connected to the planet carrier so that the pin and shoulder are set in rotation about the rotation axis at different rotational speeds, but in the same rotation direction, by driving the drive shaft by the spindle.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool, which includes a pin and a shoulder rigidly connected to the pin, for welding components composed of a parent material having a melting point of more than 900° C., in particular steel. To achieve a particularly long service life of the tool even with thick-walled components, it is provided that the shoulder is at least partially composed of a first material and the pin is at least partially composed of a second material. Furthermore, the shoulder is at least partially composed of a first: material and the pin is at least partially composed of a second material. In addition, a method for joining components of one or more parent materials having a melting temperature of more than 900° C. is provided.

Abstract: A method for joining or machining, in particular a friction stir welding method, using an apparatus, in which a tool, in particular a friction stir welding tool, is driven via a spindle with a spindle axis. To achieve high process reliability, even when the method is applied in poorly accessible positions, an adapter, in particular an angle head, is arranged between the spindle and the tool so that the tool axis about which the tool rotates does not coincide with the spindle axis. A force acting on the spindle is measured and the method is controlled depending on the force measured at the spindle. The apparatus for joining or machining, in particular for friction stir welding, includes a headstock with a spindle, which can be rotated about a spindle axis and a tool, in particular a friction stir welding tool, which can be driven about a tool axis by the spindle.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool includes a rotation-symmetrical shaft having a proximal end, a distal end, and a pin, which is arranged concentrically about the rotation axis and which has a smaller diameter than the shaft at the proximal end thereof, and thus projects as compared to a shoulder region of the shaft. The shaft, at least in the shoulder region, and the pin each consists of a high-temperature-resistant metal or an alloy thereof. The pin and/or the shaft in the shoulder region consist of or are coated by a composite material, which substantially consists of molybdenum, tungsten, niobium or tantalum or an alloy of at least one of these metals, and a reinforcement phase embedded therein and consisting of at least one material having a Mohs hardness >6, a micrometer particle size, and a free enthalpy of formation at 1300 K of less than ?350 kJ/mol O2.