Abstract: Compositions for Chromium-free hardfacing welding consumables are provided that include between approximately 0.3% and approximately 1.5% Carbon, between approximately 0.2% and approximately 2.5% Manganese, between approximately 0.3% and approximately 1.3% Silicon, between approximately 1.3% and approximately 5.5% Boron, between approximately 1.0% and approximately 4.0% Nickel, between approximately 1.0% and approximately 6.0% of at least one of Titanium and Niobium, and between approximately 0.1% and approximately 2.0% Tungsten and/or Molybdenum. Additional welding consumable compositions and weld deposit compositions are also provided to provide hardfacing materials with little or no Chromium content.

Abstract: A weld deposit produced from a coated welding electrode for use in welding cast irons is provided by the present invention. Preferably, in one form of the present invention, the weld deposit composition comprises between approximately 54% and approximately 60% Nickel, between approximately 3.5% and approximately 5.5% Manganese, and between approximately 0.9% and approximately 1.4% Carbon. The weld deposit is preferably formed by using a coated welding electrode having a coating composition between approximately 0.3% and approximately 4.0% Magnesium and rare earth metals and oxides. The resulting weld deposit exhibits improved ductility, fracture toughness, and resistance to cracking.

Abstract: A weld deposit produced from a coated welding electrode for use in welding cast irons is provided by the present invention. Preferably, in one form of the present invention, the weld deposit composition comprises between approximately 54% and approximately 60% Nickel, between approximately 3.5% and approximately 5.5% Manganese, and between approximately 0.9% and approximately 1.4% Carbon. The weld deposit is preferably formed by using a coated welding electrode having a coating composition between approximately 0.3% and approximately 4.0% Magnesium and rare earth metals and oxides. The resulting weld deposit exhibits improved ductility, fracture toughness, and resistance to cracking.

Abstract: Compositions for Chromium-free hardfacing welding consumables are provided that include between approximately 0.3% and approximately 1.5% Carbon, between approximately 0.2% and approximately 2.5% Manganese, between approximately 0.3% and approximately 1.3% Silicon, between approximately 1.3% and approximately 5.5% Boron, between approximately 1.0% and approximately 4.0% Nickel, between approximately 1.0% and approximately 6.0% of at least one of Titanium and Niobium, and between approximately 0.1% and approximately 2.0% Tungsten and/or Molybdenum. Additional welding consumable compositions and weld deposit compositions are also provided to provide hardfacing materials with little or no Chromium content.

Abstract: Weld deposit compositions with improved abrasion and corrosion resistance are provided by balancing percent weights of Chromium (Cr), Titanium (Ti), Niobium (Nb), and Boron (B) to allow the Chromium content of the weld matrix to be minimally reduced during carbide formation. The result is an enriched Chromium matrix that has excellent corrosion resistance in combination with highly abrasion resistant dispersed carbides.

Abstract: Weld deposit compositions with improved crack resistance, improved wear resistance, and improved hardness are provided by controlling matrix grain size and balancing Titanium and/or Niobium with Carbon and/or Boron content. Additionally, the presence of coarse chromium carbides is drastically decreased to reduce the amount of check-cracking. Preferably, the weld deposit is produced from a flux-cored or metal-cored wire. The weld deposit characteristics include a matrix having a fine grain size, small evenly dispersed carbides within the matrix, and a small amount of Carbon in the matrix.

Abstract: Weld deposit compositions with improved abrasion and corrosion resistance are provided by balancing percent weights of Chromium (Cr), Titanium (Ti), Niobium (Nb), and Boron (B) to allow the Chromium content of the weld matrix to be minimally reduced during carbide formation. The result is an enriched Chromium matrix that has excellent corrosion resistance in combination with highly abrasion resistant dispersed carbides.

Abstract: Compositions for Chromium-free hardfacing welding consumables are provided that include between approximately 0.3% and approximately 1.5% Carbon, between approximately 0.2% and approximately 2.5% Manganese, between approximately 0.3% and approximately 1.3% Silicon, between approximately 1.3% and approximately 5.5% Boron, between approximately 1.0% and approximately 4.0% Nickel, between approximately 1.0% and approximately 6.0% of at least one of Titanium and Niobium, and between approximately 0.1% and approximately 2.0% Tungsten and/or Molybdenum. Additional welding consumable compositions and weld deposit compositions are also provided to provide hardfacing materials with little or no Chromium content.

Abstract: Compositions for stainless steel weld overlays having enhanced wear resistance are provided by incorporating second phase Titanium Carbide (TiC) and/or Niobium Carbide (NbC) into matrices of various types of stainless steel such as 316L and 420. Preferably, TiC and NbC precipitates are formed in-situ during the weld overlay process while minimizing the amount of Carbon (C) going into solid solution in the matrix of the weld overlay.

Abstract: An overlayer for a use on industrial components such as steel mill caster rolls which require enhanced abrasion, corrosion, and gall resistance. The overlayer has relatively lower carbon levels and relatively higher molybdenum levels relative to other alloys used as overlayers, The overlayer has reduced susceptibility to sensitization and enhanced corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A method for depositing corrosion and wear resistant high alloy overlayers on industrial component substrates. Dilution of alloying components from out of the overlayer into the substrate is minimized by use of electroslag surfacing onto horizontally positioned surfaces of the substrate using oscillating wire.

Abstract: A low alloy steel for use in building up industrial components subjected to service conditions requiring good impact toughness, resistance to tempering, and resistance to temper embrittlement, for example, for use as a build up layer for steel mill caster rolls and a submerged arc welding wire for deposition thereof. The composition of low alloy steel has less than about 0.1% C by weight, between about 1.5% and about 5.0% Ni by weight, and between about 0.5% and about 3.0% Mo by weight. Vanadium, Cr, and other carbide-formers are excluded from the low alloy steel sufficiently to avoid any significant precipitation of carbides upon deposition of the low alloy steel by welding onto an industrial component.

Abstract: A mild steel flux-cored electrode is disclosed for use in arc welding mild and low alloy steels, which electrode complies with the specification of the American Welding Society (AWS A5.20-69) classification E70T-1. The electrode has an external diameter of 3/32" and includes a core that is contained within a mild steel sheath formed from a strip of approximately 0.012" in thickness and approximately 0.505" in width. The core constitutes approximately 45.0% of the weight of the electrode and includes as a major component iron powder having an apparent density of approximately 3 grams per cubic centimeter. The core also includes manganese and silicon in an approximate ratio of 3 to 1 respectively as in amounts: manganese 1.65% by weight and silicon 0.45% by weight.

Abstract: A fabricated electrode is disclosed in the form of an elongated or continuous metallic sheath, composed for example of cold-rolled mild steel, and containing specific components somewhat uniformly distributed along its length, and for use in shielded-arc welding. Specifically, the composite provides a stainless steel and includes: a major percentage of iron; a limited amount, however, at least about 09.00 percent by weight of alloying metal, e.g. chromium; from about 0.01 to about 0.08 percent by weight of carbon and further including titanium in an unconventionally large amount of at least about six times the percentage by weight of the carbon in the composite. Advantages are disclosed for the provision of the titanium in the form of ferrotitanium, and the chromium in the form of ferrochromium, a major portion of which has a small particle size. Also as disclosed, the composite further includes deoxidizing agents, e.g. manganese and silicon.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for casting rollers having an external cylindrical surface defined by firmly-held carbide particles. As disclosed, a cylindrical mold is revolved about a central horizontal axis and heavy, tungsten-carbide particles are released within the mold to accumulate as a layer on the internal cylindrical surface of the mold. Molten metal of specific characteristics is injected into the mold; being lighter does not displace the particles at the mold surface yet forces and characteristics are such that the metal wets the particles and fills the interstices therebetween to provide an effective matrix upon solidification. Heat treatment overcomes the problem attendant the inherent rapid cooling, after which the metal may be machined.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for supplying particle material along a length of strip material which is then closed into a tube to provide welding wire or electrode. The strip material is moved longitudinally (while its flow rate is measured) and as it moves through a junction location, particle material is metered onto the strip, the flow rate of the particle material also being measured. The system compares the flow rates of the strip material and the particle material with a predetermined ratio to provide a control signal which controls the flow rate of the particle material accordingly. The strip material carrying the particle material is then closed to a tubular configuration to produce welding wire of improved consistency along its length. As disclosed, the system incorporates effective structures for measuring the flow of the strip material and for precisely metering the particle material.

Abstract: A fabricated electrode is disclosed in the form of an elongated or continuous metallic sheath, composed for example of cold-rolled mild steel, and containing specific components somewhat uniformly distributed along its length, and for use in shielded-arc welding. Specifically, the composite provides a stainless steel and includes: a major percentage of iron; a limited amount, however, at least about 09.00 percent by weight of alloying metal, e.g. chromium; from about 0.01 to about 0.08 percent by weight of carbon and further including titanium in an unconventionally large amount .[.of at least about six times the percentage by weight of the carbon in the composite.].. Advantages are disclosed for the provision of the titanium in the form of ferrotitanium, and the chromium in the form of ferrochromium, a major portion of which has a small particle size. Also as disclosed, the composite further includes deoxidizing agents, e.g. manganese and silicon.