Abstract: An apparatus, and related method, for laying sand and/or a sand reinforcement matrix onto a pre-prepared surface, includes an apparatus having a hopper for providing a matrix to be laid, a plunger at the forward end, in the sense of direction of movement of the apparatus, of the hopper and an element for reciprocating the plunger for taking material from the hopper and delivering it through an extrusion aperture in the rear thereof to an extrusion mold. The extrusion is effected by moving forwardly as pressure is applied to the matrix to be extruded and as the mold passes over the matrix. The extrusion of a sand, or a sand reinforcement, is compacted in the extrusion by using the weight of the apparatus against which the extrusion plunger acts together with the impaction of previously extruded material.

Abstract: We provide methods and apparatus for handling sod which includes a washing machine in which the water is recycled and during recycling the soil removed from the sod is delivered for reuse. We also provide a method of delivering and take up of rolls of sod in which the peripheral speed of the roll remains constant regardless of the roll diameter; we display methods of physically working sod to remove soil therefrom and also methods of handling sod by supporting it with a flexible mesh where there is likely to be stress on the sod.

Abstract: A turf product having a base (11), a root zone material and a reinforcement material (15) located thereon and turf growing in the root zone material (13), the base preferably being the upper surface of a pallet (10). The invention also includes a method and means whereby the turf can be located temporarily in position whilst on pallets and one in which the turf can be placed on the ground surface by locating the turf on a pallet in the required position and then removing the pallet from thereunder.

Abstract: A roll up tray for lengths of material and which is particularly suitable for rolling strips of washed turf including a first conveyor to which the turf is delivered and from which the turf can be delivered to a second conveyor which is located therebeneath, a third conveyor adjacent the delivery end of the second conveyor and at an angle thereto and moving in the same direction therewith so that the turf is initially lifted by the third conveyor and is then permitted to fall back thereon so that the turf is formed into a roll. The roll of turf can be delivered in either direction from the tray by moving the second conveyor about a pivot.

Abstract: We provide methods and apparatus for handling sod which includes a washing machine in which the water is recycled and during recycling the soil removed from the sod is delivered for reuse. We also provide a method of delivering and take up of rolls of sod in which the peripheral speed of the roll remains constant regardless of the roll diameter; we display methods of physically working sod to remove soil therefrom and also methods of handling sod by supporting it with a flexible mesh where there is likely to be stress on the sod.