Abstract: A treatment machine has a treatment drum mounted in a housing and rotatable by means of an adjustable drive. It is intended particularly for the treatment in batches of a bulk material with differing, changing humidities, treatment temperatures and distributions of the bulk material in, and on the circumference of the treatment drum. The treatment drum is mounted by means of at least two axially spaced bearing rings. Each bearing ring has movable, hydrostatic support elements, distributed evenly around the circumference of the treatment drum, and arranged between a contact surface on the treatment drum and the housing. Each support element has two parts which are able to be displaced in radial direction to each other up to a final position and is supported on the housing via an adjustably elastic intermediate member.

Abstract: The controlled deflection roll comprises a stationary, non-rotating roll support member and a roll shell mounted to rotate about the stationary roll support member. The roll shell is not directly supported at the stationary roll support member by means of hydraulic support elements, but through the intermediary of additionally provided traveling rings each of which defines a travel path for the related hydraulic support element. The traveling rings have an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the roll shell and they are arranged to be rotatable independently of the roll shell. During operation of the controlled deflection roll the traveling rings, therefore, roll along the inner surface of the roll shell. As a result, the flexibility of the roll shell is improved in circumferential direction as well as transversely to the pressing line of the controlled deflection roller. In this arrangement stiffness of the roll shell in circumferential direction is insured by the traveling rings.

Abstract: A rolling mill for the treatment of sheet material comprises two work rolls (1, 2) which define a nip between which a web of material (3) is passed for rolling. The work rolls (1,2) are offset in a horizontal direction relatively to back-up rolls (4,5), so that the plane containing the axes (A,A) extends parallel to but offset relative to the plane containing the axes (B,B) of the back-up rolls (4,5). Supporting devices (9) are associated with the work rolls (1,2) and support the work rolls in the direction opposite to that in which they are offset from the back up rolls. The supporting devices (9) comprise hydrostatic supporting elements (19,20,21) which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis (A) of the work rolls (1,2) and comprise hydrostatic pressure pockets (29) which face towards the surfaces being supported in each case and can be individually controllable.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment of brine and more particularly the treatment of the brine elutriate drawn off after evaporation of the brine at an elevated temperature to separate some of the sodium chloride thereon. The crude brine normally contains sodium sulphate and potassium chloride, sometimes to relatively high levels, and the invention is directed primarily at the separation out of these salts. To achieve this, the brine elutriate is cooled, in chamber (12) whereby an NaCl--/KCl--/Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 -- salt mixture is separated off by crystallization. The remaining parent solution can be returned to the evaporation stage (10), without disturbing the equalized balance of the secondary salts in the brine to be processed. The NaCl present in the salt mixture can be recovered by deposition with refrigerated water and separation of the Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4.

Abstract: A turbine which rotates in the same directional sense for both directions of throughflow of a working medium contains rotor blades possessing an aerofoil-shaped profile which at least over a portion of the length of the rotor blades is subdivided into profile parts or portions in order to improve the flow of the working medium about the rotor blades. The profile parts of the rotor blades are non-symmetrically constructed or arranged at least in part with respect to each plane which is perpendicular to the momentary throughflow direction of the rotor. It is therefore possible to reduce the dimensions of the turbine with essentially the same power output. Such type of turbine is particularly suitable for extracting energy from the movement of waves of bodies of water, such as the sea water of the ocean, and air moved by the waves alternately in opposite directions serves as the working or flow medium.

Abstract: In the purification of oil used for example in light metal rolling, and contaminated by abraded particles, a coagulating agent, for example an aqueous soda solution, is added by means of a dosaging device (7) and mixed in a device (5) which comprises a static dispersing device (8) with a jet pump (9) connected thereafter with a recirculation loop (10). The mixing is normally carried out at an elevated temperature and a heating step (3,4) included. After mixing, the coagulates formed are separated, typically in a centrifuge (14). The invention is particularly suited to the purification of the rolling oil occurring in the manufacture of aluminium foils.

Abstract: The invention relates to centrifuging devices, and particularly to the acceleration thereof to a design speed. In order to prevent imbalance (U) of the device exceeding a permitted maximum value (U.sub.m) during acceleration, the imbalance (U) is monitored and acceleration (.alpha.) controlled as a function of temporal changes in the imbalance (U). Acceleration n/.sub.t may be controlled in relation to the difference (.DELTA.U) between the measured imbalance (U) and the maximum value (U.sub.m), in relation to the rate of change (.beta.) of the measured imbalance, or to maintain the imbalance (U) between upper (U.sub.1) and lower (U.sub.2) threshold values at or below the maximum value (U.sub.m). Acceleration to the design speed can thus be accomplished with minimum delay and variation with reference to operating criteria of the device.

Abstract: The twin pusher centrifuge comprises a sieve or filter drum having discharge openings on both sides thereof. At the center of the sieve or filter drum there is provided a pusher rotating at a rotational speed which differs from the rotational speed of the sieve or filter drum. The pusher contains pushing surfaces which are inclined at an angle relative to the direction of product movement. Product infeed pipes open to the rear of the pushing surfaces. These pushing surfaces are alternatingly positioned at opposite inclinations or comprise two pushing surfaces directed at opposite inclinations with respect to one another. Due to such an arrangement the product which is infed to the center of the sieve or filter drum is pushed from such center or central region of the drum towards both sides thereof in the direction of the discharge openings. An energy-saving and jerk-free operation of the centrifuge is thus obtained while employing a particularly simple construction of centrifuge.

Abstract: The twin pusher centrifuge contains a sieve or filter drum having discharge openings at both of its ends. At the center of the sieve or filter drum there is arranged an inclined pusher or thrust floor member. This pusher floor member rotates at a rotational speed differing from the rotational speed of the sieve or filter drum. Consequently, the pusher floor member performs a wobbling or wobble movement between two extreme positions. Due to the wobbling or wobble movement the centrifuged product is pushed towards the two ends of the sieve or filter drum. The product infeed opens within a central aperture formed in the pusher floor member, whereby the product is uniformly infed on both sides of the pusher floor member. The product infeed occurs either in a continuous or periodic fashion. In this manner an energy-saving jerk-free operation of the centrifuge is achieved using a particularly simple construction.