Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: A graphene sheet and a method of manufacturing the graphene sheet are provided. The method includes: growing a graphene sheet on a graphene growth support by applying carbon sources and heat to the graphene growth support, the graphene growth support including a carbonization catalyst; and forming at least one ripple on the graphene sheet by cooling at least one of the graphene growth support and the graphene sheet, wherein the graphene growth support and the graphene sheet have different thermal expansion coefficients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an RNAi-inducing nucleic acid molecule having a new structure and the use thereof, and more particularly to a novel nucleic acid molecule having a structure comprising a first strand, which is 24-121 nt in length and comprises a region complementary to a target nucleic acid, and a second strand which is 13-21 nt in length and has a region that binds complementarily to the region of the first strand, which is complementary to the target nucleic acid, so that the nucleic acid molecule inhibits the expression of a target gene with increased efficiency, and to a method of inhibiting the expression of a target gene using the nucleic acid molecule. The nucleic acid molecule structure of the present invention increases the efficiency with which the nucleic acid molecule inhibits the target gene.

Abstract: An image decoding method and an image decoding apparatus is provided. The method comprises recovering a first motion vector corresponding to a first decoding reference picture based on the entropy decoded bit stream, calculating a second motion vector corresponding to a second decoding reference picture by scaling the first motion vector based on a first temporal distance between the current picture and the first decoding reference picture and a second temporal distance between the current picture and the second decoding reference picture, generating a prediction block relating to a current block in the current picture, based on the calculated second motion vector, generating a residual block relating to the current block through a residual data decoding process based on the entropy decoded bit stream, and recovering the current block based on the prediction block and the residual block.

Abstract: Provided are an indenopyridine-based compound and an organic light-emitting device including the same.

Abstract: A vision system is configured to dynamically inspect an object in a field of view. This includes capturing, using a camera, three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data of the field of view and transforming each of the points of the 3D point cloud data into a plurality of tangential surface vectors. Surface normal vectors are determined for each of the points of the 3D point cloud data based upon the plurality of tangential surface vectors. Distribution peaks in the surface normal vectors are detected employing a unit sphere mesh. Parallel planes are separated using the distance distribution peaks. A radially bounded nearest neighbor strategy combined with a process of nearest neighbor searching based upon cell division is executed to segment a planar patch. A planar surface is identified based upon the segmented planar patch.

Abstract: An apparatus and method select a Device (D2D) communication mode according to whether there is signal interference. A method of operating a Transmitting (Tx) terminal, linked to a Receiving (Rx) terminal, for performing D2D communication includes confirming that the terminal is included in at least any one of groups in which links are grouped according to a link priority, receiving a result of determining whether there is a signal interference caused by at least three in-group links from the Rx terminal, and selecting a communication mode for communicating with the Rx terminal according to whether the signal interference exists.

Abstract: A method of fabricating multi-layered graphene includes disposing a first graphene layer on a carrier; disposing at least one second graphene layer on the first graphene layer to form a graphene sheet disposed on the carrier; and transferring the graphene sheet disposed on the carrier onto a substrate, wherein each of the graphene layers which constitute the graphene sheet has at least one damaged region, and the at least one damaged region of each of the graphene layers contacts at least one of non-damaged regions of a graphene layer or graphene layers, of the graphene layers, contacting the each of the graphene layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photobioreactor, and more particularly, a photobioreactor for culturing living organisms such as microalgae, which carry out photosynthesis using carbon dioxide and light energy. The photobioreactor includes: (a) a reaction vessel, in which photosynthesis occurs by photosynthetic organisms; (b) a multipurpose inlet/outlet formed at the outside upper end of the reaction vessel; (c) an outer pipe connected to the multipurpose inlet/outlet at the outside of the reaction vessel; and (d) an inner pipe connected to the multipurpose inlet/outlet at the inside of the reaction vessel, wherein the reaction vessel is made of a transparent film. The photobioreactor according to the present invention is advantageous in that the reaction vessel in which photosynthesis occurs is a plate-type and made of a transparent film, thus achieving improved light transmittance and mobility, and enabling the economically advantageous manufacture and operation thereof.

Abstract: A transceiver may include a reception (Rx) radio frequency (RF) part configured to process a received signal, a transmission (Tx) RF part configured to process a transmitted signal, and a phase lock loop (PLL) configured to provide a reception frequency to the reception RF part and provide a transmission frequency to the transmission RF part. The PLL may be controlled according to whether the reception RF part or the transmission RF part is on. In addition, a transceiver may include quenching waveform generator (QWGs) to control quenching waveforms of the RF parts corresponding to a plurality of antennas. The quenching waveforms may be generated respectively by VCOs operating at a same frequency. The QWGs may control the VCOs such that the quenching waveforms do not overlap.

Abstract: A thermoelectric material includes a stack structure including alternately stacked first and second material layers. The first material layer may include a carbon nano-material. The second material layer may include a thermoelectric inorganic material. The first material layer may include a thermoelectric inorganic material in addition to the carbon nano-material. The carbon nano-material may include, for example, graphene. At least one of the first and second material layers may include a plurality of nanoparticles. The thermoelectric material may further include at least one conductor extending in an out-of-plane direction of the stack structure.

Abstract: A compensation film for a liquid crystal film includes a first layer including splayed rod-shaped nematic liquid crystal material and a second layer disposed on a surface of the first layer and including at least one of a biaxial layer and an A-plate.

Abstract: Provided are a method and system for determining an optimal exposure of a structured light based 3D camera. The system includes a projecting means for illuminating a predetermined pattern on a target object, an image capturing means for capturing an image of the target object with the pattern projected, and a processing means for reconstructing 3D data for the target object by identifying the pattern of the captured images from the image capturing means. The system automatically determines an optimal exposure of the structured light based 3D camera system through analyzing the captured image of the target object.