Abstract: A process for continuous production of an extruded section, in particular of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, wherein a prefabricated rod is fed to a die by means of a friction wheel and extruded through the die. The rod is formed by casting the molten metal in an electromagnetic mold and the solidified rod fed directly to the friction wheel the circumference of which advances the rod at the same speed as the rate of casting of the rod in the electromagnetic mold. The process enables high quality extruded sections to be produced at a economic cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ceramic bodies suitable for use in high temperature applications such as molten metal filters and kiln furniture. The ceramic bodies are formed from partially stabilized zirconia and are characterized by the presence of from about 12% to about 80% by weight zirconia in a monoclinic phase and the balance essentially in a cubic phase at room temperature. The ceramic bodies possess an excellent combination of physical properties including high temperature strength and thermal shock resistance. The invention also relates to the process for forming the ceramic bodies and the thixotropic ceramic slurry used therein.

Abstract: In a cold rolling mill an infra-red detector is situated a distance from the metal strip and, with respect to the direction of strip throughput, behind the roll gap formed between two work rolls. The detector determines local temperature differences linearly over the whole width of the strip and converts the infra-red radiation into electric signals to actuate means for regulating the roll gap.The metal strip in particular a thin strip on foil, emerging from the roll gap is deflected by at least one contact roll that serves as a tension roll and has low back-reflection capacity and high capacity for emission of infra-red radiation, then deflected by deflection roll/rolls without slipping, and the infra-red radiation from the contact roll/rolls registered along a mantle line and converted into control signals to actuate means for regulating the roll gap.

Abstract: The clamping type compressive joint made between a continous section (10) and a component (14) is created by means of at least one clamping plate (16) that can be introduced from the front into an undercut groove (12) and rotated by a securing bolt (18). On tightening the securing bolt (18) the continuous section (16) is partly deformed by the clamping plate/plates (16). Each of the section flanges (22), which tend to taper in cross-section in the direction of the longitudinal opening (20) of groove (12), features at least one weakening notch (24) running in the longitudinal direction (c). Clamping cam tips (26) on flanges (22) lying beyond these weakening notches (24) are, after tightening the securing bolt (18), plastically deformed in the region of the clamping plate/plates (16) which is/are essentially in plan view in the form of a parallelpiped and is/are rotated 30.degree.-60.degree. in the groove (12).

Abstract: The process is such that a gas/fluid mixture is sprayed in the form of a mist onto the surface of the object to be cooled. To that end a stream of fluid is passed through the nozzle outlet and atomized to a mist of droplet size <100 .mu.m, and after emerging from the nozzle is impacted by gas streams at an angle (x) of 0.degree.-90.degree. to the nozzle axis (x) to accelerate and deflect the droplets. The intensities of the gas stream can be regulated independently of one another. The process is suitable for cooling conventionally or electromagnetically cast ingots, rolled products and extruded products of metal, in particular aluminum. A suitable device for carrying out the process is comprised essentially of a part (1) featuring a nozzle (3) that supplies and aligns a fluid, and bores (5a, b) that supply gas, part 1 fitting into a counter part (2) such that gas alignment channels (7a, b) are formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ceramic bodies suitable for use in high temperature applications such as molten metal filters and kiln furniture. The ceramic bodies are formed from partially stabilized zirconia and are characterized by the presence of from about 12% to about 80% by weight zirconia in a monoclinic phase and the balance essentially in a cubic phase at room temperature. The ceramic bodies possess an excellent combination of physical properties including high temperature strength and thermal shock resistance. The invention also relates to the process for forming the ceramic bodies and the thixotropic ceramic slurry used therein.

Abstract: In filters for cleaning the exhaust gases from diesel engines having openpored foam ceramic bodies, the deposited soot particles are burned up at temperatures of between 550.degree. and 700.degree. C. at periodic intervals. In order to lower the inflammation temperature of the soot in the regeneration phase of the filter, the ceramic bodies are catalytically coated.The region of the openpored foam ceramic body first subjected to the flow of the exhaust gases of the diesel engines has at least partly a denser pore structure than the remaining foam body so that the inflammation temperature can be lowered since temperature peaks occur in these regions on account of increased soot deposits, which temperature peaks lead to inflammation of the soot located there and consequently burn up all the soot deposited in the filter.

Abstract: An anodized aluminum product prepared by anodizing an alloy comprising 1.20-1.60% iron and 0.25-0.55% manganese with a weight ratio of iron to manganese between 2.8 and 5, up to 0.20% silicon, up to 0.30% copper, up to 5% magnesium, up to 0.10% chromium, up to 2% zinc, up to 0.25% zirconium, up to 0.10% titanium, remainder aluminum and in total up to 0.50% of other by anodic oxidation in an electrolyte at a temperature of less than 560.degree. C. for no more than 4 hours so as to produce an oxide thickness of 5 to 30 .mu.m.

Abstract: Apparatus for casting molten metal including a mold for casting molten metal having a base portion, a molten metal inlet located at the base portion, a filter positioned across the molten metal inlet so that all the molten metal must pass therethrough and a well beneath said inlet and beneath said filter.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing a fine-grained recrystallized sheet of heat-treatable i.e. age-hardenable aluminum alloy containing an addition of at least one of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W amounting in total to 0.08-1.50%, the alloy is brought into a condition A in which the alloying elements that lead to age-hardening and the above mentioned additive elements are, at least for the greater part, in solid solution, following which in step B the incoherent hardening phases are precipitated out in a temperature range between the solvus T.sub.gps and the solvus T.sub.s, and in a subsequent step C the aluminides of the above mentioned elements are precipitated as a very dense uniform dispersion by heating in a temperature range between 300.degree. C. and T.sub.s -30.degree. C., whereby any deformation by rolling may take place between condition A and step C at temperatures not higher than T.sub.s -30.degree. C., and in which process the temperature of the sheet below a thickness or 2.

Abstract: Composite panels with plastic core of polyvinylchloride and metal outer layers bonded to the core by means of adhesive layers, including those where flame retardant additives are incorporated in the plastic core, do not exhibit completely satisfactory properties for certain applications, in particular with respect to behavior under fire conditions viz., the creation of smoke. Composite panels having a plastic core of post-chlorinated polyvinylchloride or a mixture of the same with polyvinylchloride avoid these disadvantages.

Abstract: Ceramic, porous filter body in the designed to overcome the lack of high temperature resistant thermoshock resistant and mechanical stable bodies for the filtration of metals, preferentially of iron and ferrous alloys. This filter body has a temperature resistance of 1600.degree. C., a linear thermal coefficient of expansion of 3-7.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C. and consists of hollow spheres based on minimum one homogeneous distributed refractory material and another refractory material, which at high temperature by chemical reaction forms with the hollow spheres a solid refractory binding phase. A process for the production of such a filter body is described such, that the spheres of the refractory materials are mixed with a powderous binding phase, then formed to a porous body and then, by retention of the porous homogeneous structure under formation of new refractory compositions by heat treatment are chemically reacted, at least in the contact areas of the spheres.

Abstract: A mold of a caterpillartype track mold for a continuous caster features at least at one place a pair of wires which form a thermocouple and make first contact outside the mold. The wires are inserted into the mold in such a manner that their other ends are separated from the surface of the mold facing the melt by a metallic layer which joins these wires and is at most 100 .mu.m thick. The process for manufacturing this mold is such that the metallic layer is electro-deposited on to the ends of the wires.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the indirect extrusion of hollow sections over a mandrel having a diameter d.sub.D from a plurality of billets each having a diameter d.sub.on wherein the volume throughput of metal is greater than that obtained by the indirect extrusion over a mandrel of said hollow sections from a single hollow billet under the same extrusion force thereby increasing productivity wherein the diameter of the mandrel d.sub.D with respect to the diameter d.sub.on of the billet to be extruded over the mandrel is d.sub.D <0.4 d.sub.on.

Abstract: In order to control a crust breaker featuring a chisel which can be moved up and down to break the crust on a fused salt electrolytic cell, an electric impedance measuring circuit comprising signal generator and registering instrument is connected between the chisel and the molten electrolyte. As such the generator is preferably in the form of an alternating signal generator, and DC signals, such as operating parameters of the cell and the voltage between the anodes and the cathode, are excluded from the impedance measuring circuit by means of DC neutralizing capacitors.

Abstract: A reduction pot for the fused salt electrolytic production of aluminum comprises an outer steel shell, a thermally insulating layer, and an inner lining made essentially of carbon with iron cathode bars embedded in it. At least the lower 75% of the floor insulation is a mechanically compacted layer of a granulate material essentially of particle size ranging up to 8 mm. This granulate contains the fully ground but otherwise untreated insulation layers, without carbon residues which are sorted out mechanically before grinding, from replaced electrolytic cells. The remaining 25% of the floor insulation is a layer of firebrick, ground firebrick and/or smelter alumina. The sidewalls of the steel shell are insulated solely by firebrick.

Abstract: Wear resistant coatings of highly alloyed filler metal are deposited on base materials of carbon and manganese bearing ferrous alloys and this, depending on the carbon and manganese content of the base material with or without buffer layer, employing low current levels such that the quotient current level/diameter of filler metal wire lies between 70 and 80 and the corresponding quotient for the buffer layer between 120 and 160.Selected as filler metal are alloys containing 3.0-4.5% Si, 1.5-2.0% Mn, and C.gtoreq.5%, preferred is the composition 5.5% C, 12.5% Cr, 2.0% Mn, 4.0% Si, 8.0% Mo, 8.0% Nb, 2.0% W, 1.0% V, 57.0% Fe.

Abstract: In order to improve the weldability of aluminum strip or sheet by spot welding and to promote the use of these materials, in particular in the bodywork of automobiles, the strip or sheet, after being hot and cold rolled to an intermediate thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 times the final gauge, is etched in an alkaline solution, then cold rolled to final gauge using cold rolling lubricant and finally, if desired, heat treated.

Abstract: A lower part of a fused salt reduction cell used in the production of aluminum, comprises an electrolyte tank supported by metal beams. The tank is made up of an outer steel tank, a thermally insulating layer and an inner electrically conductive carbon lining which can withstand molten metal. A frame of steel sections arranged in a grid-like pattern in the longitudinal direction is made up of single, massive side sections and, spaced apart in keeping with strength requirements and cell design, so called cradles which enclose the side sections. The cradles are made up of pairs of solid side posts secured to lower supporting sections and upper bracing sections. The electrolyte tank is situated in the frame and fixed in place against the side sections via counteracting elements which can be deformed plastically or elastically.

Abstract: The new conductor facility for electrodes, in particular for electrodes immersed in corrosive molten salts, features the following components:(a) A graphite pipe or tube which is open at both ends, fits tightly into a recess in the electrode and passes through the furnace or cell wall or roof.(b) A metallic electrical conductor, which is positioned inside the graphite pipe and can be pushed forward inside it, is made of a metal with a melting point lower than the temperature of the molten salt charge and makes contact with the electrode in the liquid state at the operating temperature of the furnace or cell.(c) A protective pipe, which surrounds the graphite pipe and is made of a dense, electrically insulating ceramic material, has one end tightly embedded in the electrode and the other end passing through the wall or roof, and is stable under the operating conditions of the furnace or cell.