Abstract: A monolithic switching array integrated with control logic on a dielectrically isolated monolithic substrate is provided wherein individual components are constructed in abutment with the oxide walls of the dielectrically isolated wells to form a diffusion/wall interface. As a consequence, area of the wells can be optimally used, and undesired electric fields around the components are minimized, thus allowing for smaller overall chip dimensions as compared with comparable prior art dielectric isolation (d.i.) or junction isolated construction techniques. Moreover, d.i. construction eliminates undesired parasitic devices in a monolithic circuit and allows for improved system accuracy.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell for which fuel is prepared and introduced under artificial gravity forces. The active metal is deposited through the action of the field on an anode current collecting member, effecting good compaction and reduced cell internal impedance. A microprocessor provides control of the induced gravity, flow rates, temperature, and other variables-enabling the active metal to be controlled in its thickness as well as providing a predetermined separation from the cathode. Abrasion of the cathode and the possibility of shorting are avoided by the presence of outwardly directed radial forces. These forces are induced by rotation of the electrolyte, air cathode, anode collector and the active metal. The forces promote also the passage of moisture laden air through the air cathode elements. Reaction products produced within the cell volume are circulated to an outside container for separation and possible reuse.