Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method of controlling gene expression in plants. Specifically, the method comprises obtaining a transgenic plant comprising at least two receptor expression cassettes and at least one target expression cassette. The first receptor expression cassette comprises a nucleotide sequence for a 5? regulatory region operably linked to a nucleotide sequence which encodes a first receptor polypeptide, and a 3? termination region. The second receptor expression cassette comprises a nucleotide sequence for a 5? regulatory region operably linked to a nucleotide sequence which encodes a second receptor polypeptide, and a 3? termination region.

Abstract: DNA sequences optimized for expression in plants are disclosed. The DNA sequences preferably encode for an insecticidal polypeptides, particularly insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis. Plant promoters, particular tissue-specific and tissue-preferred promoters are also provided. Additionally disclosed are transformation vectors comprising said DNA sequences. The transformation vectors demonstrate high levels of insecticidal activity when transformed into maize.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula in which A is an unsubstituted or mono- to tetrasubstituted, aromatic or non-aromatic, monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic radical, where one to two of the substituents of A can be selected from the group consisting of halo-C1-C3alkyl, cyclopropyl, halocyclopropyl, C2-C3alkenyl, C2-C3alkynyl, halo-C2-C3alkenyl, halo-C2-C3alkynyl, halo-C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3alkylthio, halo-C1-C3alkylthio, allyloxy, propargyloxy, allylthio, propargylthio, haloallyloxy, haloallylthio, cyano and nitro, and one to four of the substituents of A can be selected from the group consisting of C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkoxy and halogen; R is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, phenyl-C1-C4alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C2-C6alkenyl or C2-C6alkynyl; and X is N—NO2 or N—CN, and, if appropriate, tautomers thereof, in each case in free form or in salt form, can be used as agrochemical active ingredients and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

Abstract: A novel process for the direct transfer of foreign genes to plant genomes is described. The novel process comprises placing a gene under the control of plant expression signals and transferring it, by contact with protoplasts without the aid of natural systems for infecting plants, direct to plant cells from which genetically transformed plants can subsequently be derived.

Abstract: A mixture of a herbicidally effective amount of a haloacetamide of formula I wherein R0 is methyl or ethyl, and to antagonise the herbicide, an antidotally effective amount of a compound of formula II as safener R—CHYCl  (II) wherein R is a radical of formula or R is a radical of formula or R is a radical of formula or R is a radical of formula or R is a radical of formula or R is a radical of formula (H5C2O)2P(O)CH2NHCO— or or R is a radical of formula or of formula in each of which formulae the substituents are as defined in claim 1 and Y is chloro, or Y is hydrogen if R is a radical of formula (H5C2O)2P(O)CH2NHCO—, are very suitable for controlling weeds in crops of cultivated plants, in particular maize.

Abstract: When used in admixture with mancozeb, chlorothalonil, a copper salt, folpet, fluazinam or cymoxanil (it being possible for the latter to be used also together with one of the other five components), metalaxyl having a high R-enantiomer content of more than 70% by weight, or pure R-metalaxyl, exhibits a markedly increased fungicidal action against plant diseases as compared with a similar mixture in which metalaxyl is used in the form of the racemate.

Abstract: Compounds of formula wherein A is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic or non-aromatic, monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic radical wherein a ring nitrogen atom may have been replaced by a group R1 is hydrogen or C1-C3alkyl; R2 is hydrogen or C1-C3alkyl; R3 is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C3-C6alkyl, C6cycloalkyl, C2-C6alkenyl or C2-C6alkynyl group, or C(═O)—R5, R5 is C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, phenoxy or benzyloxy group, or N(R6)2, each R6, independently of the other, is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, X is CH—NO2, N—CN or N—NO2 and n is from 1 to 3, in free form or in salt form, and, where appropriate, tautomers of those compounds and the salts thereof, can be used as agrochemical active ingredients and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to an immunoassay capable of the rapid detection of a variety of test substances that may be present in a test sample. One feature of the invention is that extraction or isolation of the test substance occurs simultaneously with the formation of the primary antigen-test substance complex. The primary antigen-test substance complex is then captured in a solid phase format having a plurality of interstitial spaces which facilitate rapid and efficient detection. The immunoassay of the present invention works over a wide range of environmental conditions and is simple enough to be used in the absence of laboratory facilities.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I and disulfides thereof and salts thereof are important intermediate products for the preparation of compounds having a microbicidal and plant-immunizing action, of the formula III In the compounds of the formulae I and III: X is halogen, n is 0,1,2 or 3; Z is CN, CO—A or CS—A, A is hydrogen, halogen, OR1, SR2 and N(R3)R4; R1 to R4 are hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted, open-chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing not more than 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing not more than 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl or phenethyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkanoyl group containing not more than 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl radical; or R3 and R4, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, are a 5- or 6-membered, substit

Abstract: A plant-microbicidal composition having synergistic action, comprising at least two active ingredient components, wherein component I is a compound selected from the group (IA) 1-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)oxiran-2-ylmethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (“epoxiconazol”); (IB) 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-butyronitrile (“fenbuconazol”); (IC) 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-cyclopentanol (“metconazol”); (ID) 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether (“tetraconazol”); (IE) &agr;-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-&agr;-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (“tebuconazol”); (IF) 1-[4-bromo-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)tetrahydrofurfuryl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (“bromuconazol”); or in each case one of the salts or metal complexes thereof; and component II is (IIA) 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxol

Abstract: The genes encoding a novel class of insecticidal proteins have been isolated and characterized from a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis. Both the nucleic and amino acid sequences for the proteins are disclosed. The nucleic acid molecules are utilized in the transformation of host microorganisms and production of transgenic plants which are resistant to insects. Also, the gene encoding for the insect's receptor of the insecticidal protein has been isolated and characterized. Novel processes and methods for controlling plants pests are provided.

Abstract: When used in admixture with mancozeb, chlorothalonil, a copper salt, folpet, fluazinam or cymoxanil (it being possible for the latter to be used also together with one of the other five components), metalaxyl having a high R-enantiomer content of more than 70% by weight, or pure R-metalaxyl, exhibits a markedly increased fungicidal action against plant diseases as compared with a similar mixture in which metalaxyl is used in the form of the racemate.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), in which R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in claim 1, are particularly suitable as herbicides.

Abstract: Compounds of formula: wherein A is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic or non-aromatic, monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic radical wherein a ring nitrogen atom may have been replaced by a group R1 is hydrogen or C1-C3alkyl; R2 is hydrogen or C1-C3alkyl; R3 is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C2-C6alkenyl or C2-C6alkynyl group, or C(═O)—R5, R5 is C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, phenoxy or benzyloxy group, or N(R6)2, each R6, independently of the other, is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, X is CH—NO2, N—CN or N—NO2 and n is from 1 to 3, in free form or in salt form, and, where appropriate, tautomers of those compounds and the salts thereof, can be used as agrochemical active ingredients and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I in which R1 is C1-C4alkyl; R2 is cyano or NH2C(S)—; R3 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3- or C4alkenyl, C3- or C4alkynyl, C3-C8haloalkenyl, NC—CH2—, HOC(O)—CH2— or C1-C4alkoxy-C(O)—CH2—; W is a group  and R4 to R6, R60, R61, R70, X1, X2, n1 and A1—B1 are as defined in claim 1, and the pyrazole N-oxide, agronomically acceptable salts and stereomers of these compounds of the formula I, with the exclusion of the compound of the formula  have good selective herbicidal properties when used pre- and post-emergence. The preparation of these compounds and their use as herbicidally active ingredients are described.

Abstract: Plant-protecting mixtures of active ingredients having a synergistically increased action, wherein component I is a compound having a plant-immunizing action of the formula I in which Z is CN, COOH or a salt thereof, CO—OC1-C4alkyl or CO—SC1-C4alkyl; and wherein component II is a compound selected from the group consisting of tebuconazol, epoxyconazol, cyproconazol, metconazol and tetraconazol.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for inducing resistance against phytophathogenic microorganisms in plants wherein the agent is an extract of biomass from non-plant-pathogenic microorganisms obtainable by the following process: a) resuspending 50 g to 200 g (dry weight) of biomass from non-plant-pathogenic microorganisms per liter of inorganic or organic solvent; b) stirring at room temperature for 1 to 12 hours; c) incubating; d) resuspending; e) allowing to cool to room temperature; and f) optionally filtering.

Abstract: A plant-microbicidal composition having synergistic action, comprising at least two active ingredient components, wherein component I is a compound selected from the group (IA) 1-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)oxiran-2-ylmethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (“epoxiconazol”); (IB) 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-butyronitrile (“fenbuconazol”); (IC) 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-cyclopentanol (“metconazol”); (ID) 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether (“tetraconazol”); (IE) &agr;-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-&agr;-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (“tebuconazol”); (IF) 1-[4-bromo-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)tetrahydrofurfuryl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (“bromuconazol”); or in each case one of the salts or metal complexes thereof; and component II is (IIA) 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxol

Abstract: The present invention provides novel eukaryotic DNA sequences coding for native protoporphyrinogen oxidase (protox) or modified forms of the enzyme which are herbicide tolerant. Plants having altered protox activity which confers tolerance to herbicides are also provided. These plants are engineered for resistance to protox inhibitors via mutation of the native protox gene to a resistant form or they are transformed with modified eukaryotic or prokaryotic protox coding sequences or wild type prokaryotic protox sequences which are herbicide tolerant. Plant genes encoding wild-type and altered protox, purified plant protox, methods of isolating protox from plants, and methods of using protox-encoding genes are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel eukaryotic DNA sequences coding for native protoporphyrinogen oxidase (protox) or modified forms of the enzyme which are herbicide tolerant. Plants having altered protox activity which confers tolerance to herbicides and a method of selecting transformed plants are also provided.