Abstract: Half-bridge isolation stage topologies are provided in power converters, dividing an input voltage between capacitors. Primary transformer windings are periodically switched across respective capacitors. In current-fed implementations, the current flow through the primary windings is constrained as by an inductive element. In some implementations, a capacitor, primary winding and switch are connected in series in different orders in each of plural legs across the input. Current feed circuitry includes a current constraining component connecting nodes within each of respective legs. The switches of the isolation stage may be turned on with a fixed duty cycle, and a secondary circuit may comprise synchronous rectifiers.

Abstract: A charge pump generates gate control voltage in a DC/DC converter. The input voltage to the charge pump may vary. To reduce noise at higher input voltages, a variable resistance is included in the charge pump and that resistance is controlled to vary with the input voltage.

Abstract: A dc/dc converter is mounted to a printed circuit board with rigid terminal pins which extend into a converter substrate to provide electrical connection to circuitry on the substrate. A terminal pin includes a flange which abuts the printed circuit board and spaces the converter substrate from the printed circuit board. Connection to the printed circuit board is made by solder provided between the flange and the circuit board.

Abstract: A DC to DC power converter includes synchronous rectifiers which respond to a control waveform. Negative current from a load into the power converter is prevented by increasing the converter output voltage at a minimum current limit. The synchronous rectifiers may be held off in response to decision logic by activation of a hold-off circuit connected to a control terminal of a synchronous rectifier or of an ORing transistor at the converter output. When the synchronous rectifier is subsequently enabled, its control waveform may be increased slowly relative to the switching cycle.

Abstract: A power converter nearly losslessly delivers energy and recovers energy from capacitors associated with controlled rectifiers in a secondary winding circuit, each controlled rectifier having a parallel uncontrolled rectifier. First and second primary switches in series with first and second primary windings, respectively, are turned on for a fixed duty cycle, each for approximately one half of the switching cycle. Switched transition times are short relative to the on-state and off-state times of the controlled rectifiers. The control inputs to the controlled rectifiers are cross-coupled from opposite secondary transformer windings.

Abstract: A DC to DC power converter includes synchronous rectifiers which respond to a control waveform. Negative current from a load into the power converter is prevented by increasing the converter output voltage at a minimum current limit. The synchronous rectifiers may be held off in response to decision logic by activation of a hold-off circuit connected to a control terminal of a synchronous rectifier or of an ORing transistor at the converter output. When the synchronous rectifier is subsequently enabled, its control waveform may be increased slowly relative to the switching cycle.

Abstract: A dc/dc converter is mounted to a printed circuit board with rigid terminal pins which extend into a converter substrate to provide electrical connection to circuitry on the substrate. A terminal pin includes a flange which abuts the printed circuit board and spaces the converter substrate from the printed circuit board. Connection to the printed circuit board is made by solder provided between the flange and the circuit board.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit in a gate controller provides a pumped gate control voltage to switches of a DC/DC converter. Different input voltages may be applied to the controller and an input voltage higher than the charge pump output could result in circuit damage. A clamp circuit between the input and output prevents the output voltage from being significantly below the input voltage to prevent such damage. The clamp circuit may be a transistor controlled by a comparator or amplifier.

Abstract: In a power converter, the duty cycle of a primary winding circuit causes near continuous flow of power through the primary and secondary winding circuits during normal operation. By providing no regulation during normal operation, a very efficient circuit is obtained with a synchronous rectifier in the secondary operating at all times. However, during certain conditions such as start up or a short-circuit, the duty cycle of the primary may be reduced to cause freewheeling periods. To simplify the gate drive, the synchronous rectifiers may be allowed to turn off during the freewheeling periods, resulting in large ripple. A filter inductance of the secondary winding circuit reduces that ripple, and is sufficient to minimize ripple during normal operation, but still allows large ripple during the freewheeling periods. By accepting large ripple during other than normal operation, a smaller filter inductance can be used.

Abstract: A dc/dc converter is mounted to a printed circuit board with rigid terminal pins which extend into a converter substrate to provide electrical connection to circuitry on the substrate. A terminal pin includes a flange which abuts the printed circuit board and spaces the converter substrate from the printed circuit board. Connection to the printed circuit board is made by solder provided between the flange and the circuit board.

Abstract: A power converter nearly losslessly delivers energy and recovers energy from capacitors associated with controlled rectifiers in a secondary winding circuit, each controlled rectifier having a parallel uncontrolled rectifier. First and second primary switches in series with first and second primary windings, respectively, are turned on for a fixed duty cycle, each for approximately one half of the switching cycle. Switched transition times are short relative to the on-state and off-state times of the controlled rectifiers. The control inputs to the controlled rectifiers are cross-coupled from opposite secondary transformer windings.

Abstract: A dc/dc converter is mounted to a printed circuit board with rigid terminal pins which extend into a converter substrate to provide electrical connection to circuitry on the substrate. A terminal pin includes a flange which abuts the printed circuit board and spaces the converter substrate from the printed circuit board. Connection to the printed circuit board is made by solder provided between the flange and the circuit board.

Abstract: A power converter nearly losslessly delivers energy and recovers energy from capacitors associated with controlled rectifiers in a secondary winding circuit, each controlled rectifier having a parallel uncontrolled rectifier. First and second primary switches in series with first and second primary windings, respectively, are turned on for a fixed duty cycle, each for approximately one half of the switching cycle. Switched transition times are short relative to the on-state and off-state times of the controlled rectifiers. The control inputs to the controlled rectifiers are cross-coupled from opposite secondary transformer windings.

Abstract: Half-bridge isolation stage topologies are provided in power converters, dividing an input voltage between capacitors. Primary transformer windings are periodically switched across respective capacitors. In current-fed implementations, the current flow through the primary windings is constrained as by an inductive element. In some implementations, a capacitor, primary winding and switch are connected in series in different orders in each of plural legs across the input. Current feed circuitry includes a current constraining component connecting nodes within each of respective legs. The switches of the isolation stage may be turned on with a fixed duty cycle, and a secondary circuit may comprise synchronous rectifiers.

Abstract: A power converter nearly losslessly delivers energy and recovers energy from capacitors associated with controlled rectifiers in a secondary winding circuit, each controlled rectifier having a parallel uncontrolled rectifier. First and second primary switches in series with first and second primary windings, respectively, are turned on for a fixed duty cycle, each for approximately one half of the switching cycle. Switched transition times are short relative to the on-state and off-state times of the controlled rectifiers. The control inputs to the controlled rectifiers are cross-coupled from opposite secondary transformer windings.

Abstract: Bang or bang-bang control is applied to interleaved power converters. With the bang control on, oscillator signals applied to the power converters are overridden in order to change the power output of both power converters. When the override is removed, both oscillating signals continue from points in their cycles at which they were overridden. An oscillator may be frozen during override by interrupting the charging and discharging of a capacitor in the oscillator.

Abstract: A dc/dc converter is mounted to a printed circuit board with rigid terminal pins which extend into a converter substrate to provide electrical connection to circuitry on the substrate. A terminal pin includes a flange which abuts the printed circuit board and spaces the converter substrate from the printed circuit board. Connection to the printed circuit board is made by solder provided between the flange and the circuit board.

Abstract: Bang or bang-bang control is applied to interleaved power converters. With the bang control on, oscillator signals applied to the power converters are overridden in order to change the power output of both power converters. When the override is removed, both oscillating signals continue from points in their cycles at which they were overridden. An oscillator may be frozen during override by interrupting the charging and discharging of a capacitor in the oscillator.

Abstract: A dc/dc converter is mounted to a printed circuit board with rigid terminal pins which extend into a converter substrate to provide electrical connection to circuitry on the substrate. A terminal pin includes a flange which abuts the printed circuit board and spaces the converter substrate from the printed circuit board. Connection to the printed circuit board is made by solder provided between the flange and the circuit board.

Abstract: A power converter nearly losslessly delivers energy and recovers energy from capacitors associated with controlled rectifiers in a secondary winding circuit, each controlled rectifier having a parallel uncontrolled rectifier. First and second primary switches in series with first and second primary windings, respectively, are turned on for a fixed duty cycle, each for approximately one half of the switching cycle. Switched transition times are short relative to the on-state and off-state times of the controlled rectifiers. The control inputs to the controlled rectifiers are cross-coupled from opposite secondary transformer windings.