Abstract: The present invention relates to a variable voltage regulating device for modulating output voltage, comprising the implementation means of duty cycle modulation and control signal modulation. The duty cycle modulation mechanism entails the use of pulse signals with different duty cycles to produce different voltage signals in the resistor-capacitor network, which are regulated to obtain a control voltage. The original output voltage is then modulated by the control signal and the resistor network based on the Kirchhoff's current law to produce a new output voltage. The control signal modulation mechanism uses the field effect transistor switch to control the resistor network and then uses the resistor network and the Kirchhoff's current law to modulate the original output voltage and deliver a new output voltage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel cartridge structure with sensor apparatus, comprising a main fuel solution tank provided with a casing with accommodation space, the accommodation space being used for storing the fuel solution; and a sensor apparatus mainly having two sensor components, the two sensor components being disposed on exterior surface or in the structure of the casing of the main fuel solution tank for achieving the objective of measurement.

Abstract: A hybrid power supply apparatus with fuel cell output control comprises: a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit, the first power supply circuit consisting of a first power unit, a first voltage conversion unit, a sensor unit, and a control unit, wherein the voltage conversion unit is connected to the power unit, and contains a DC voltage booster circuit or a DC voltage buck circuit to convert the DC power generated by the power unit into DC power of specific voltage for output; the sensor unit being able to detect the voltage or the current of DC power output by the first power unit that enables the control unit to control the DC power conversion ratio of the first voltage conversion unit or stop the DC power conversion by the first voltage conversion unit based on the electric signal fed from the sensor unit, thereby protecting the first power unit.

Abstract: A fuel cell hybrid power supply apparatus comprises a fuel cell power supply circuit and a secondary battery power supply circuit. Wherein a charger unit of the secondary battery power supply circuit determines the power characteristics for the recharging of a secondary battery unit of the secondary battery power supply circuit, based on the electrical signal outputted by a sensor unit of the fuel cell power supply circuit; the sensor unit regulates the predetermined voltage levels separately at output terminal of the fuel cell power supply circuit and the secondary battery power supply circuit with a differential between said voltage levels based on the power transmitted by the fuel cell power supply circuit, and controls the recharging of the secondary battery unit by the charger unit; and a fuel cell unit of the fuel cell power supply circuit outputs power at a predetermined constant work rate.

Abstract: A fuel cell apparatus with charge circuit comprises a fuel cell, a power output circuit and a charge circuit. The power output circuit transmits the power outputted by the fuel cell and further comprises a sensor unit for detecting the power characteristics outputted by the power output circuit and outputs corresponding electrical signals. The charge circuit transmits power outputted by the fuel cell and comprises a secondary cell and a charging unit. The charging unit controls the charge circuit to perform the charging operation of the secondary cell, wherein the power output circuit is electrically connected in parallel with the charge circuit, while the fuel cell is electrically connected in series with the power output circuit. The charging unit performs the charging control of the charge circuit to the secondary cell according to electrical signals outputted by the sensor unit.

Abstract: A capacitance fuel volume measuring apparatus for a fuel cell is disclosed. The apparatus utilizes two electrode boards disposed in a fuel tank and an elastic element to perform calculation of the fuel volume in the fuel tank. The apparatus includes a structure disposed in the fuel tank and a control unit. The structure in the fuel tank includes two electrode boards and an elastic element, which maintains the liquid level of the fuel in a level and transmits essential data corresponding to the distance between the two electrode boards to the control unit for calculation such that the control unit may obtain the volume of the fuel in the fuel tank.

Abstract: A fluid measuring device for use in a fluid storage tank, comprising a logic operation unit, a capacitive sensor, and a capacitance sensing circuit; wherein the capacitance sensing circuit is driven by the constant current input to perform the detection of the capacitance value of the capacitive sensor, then perform the conversion from the capacitance value into the signal on the physical characteristics of the fluid body by the logic operation unit. The signal on the physical characteristics can include any of the concentration, density, and surface level of the fluid body. Furthermore, the capacitive sensor can further comprise a reference capacitor and a detection capacitor for detecting the fluid, the latter capacitance is obtained from a differential circuit of the capacitance sensing circuit.

Abstract: A power supply device with voltage converter circuit comprises a power supply device, a boost loop, a buck loop, and a control unit. The power supply device supplies power by any means. The boost loop is used to step up the voltage of power output by the power supply device. The buck loop is used to step down the voltage of power output by the power supply device. The boost loop and the buck loop are electrically connected in parallel. The control unit selects the use of boost loop or buck loop for the voltage conversion of the power supply device. The control unit monitors the power output of the power supply device and controls the action of the boost loop or the buck loop such that the power supply device would output voltage desired by the system via voltage conversion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel cell system with series-parallel circuit, comprising a plurality of fuel cell stacks and a series-parallel circuit unit. Each fuel cell stack contains. DC power output terminals, and the series-parallel circuit unit consists of a plurality of parallel mode selection units and DC power output terminals. The DC power output terminal of respective fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the corresponding parallel mode selection unit in the series-parallel circuit unit. The parallel mode selection units are electrically parallel-connected to the DC power output terminal of the series-parallel circuit unit. The parallel mode selection unit selects whether the DC power output terminal of the corresponding fuel cell stack and the DC power output terminal of the series-parallel circuit unit are electrically connected or disconnected.

Abstract: A fuel cell power supply system integrated with rechargeable batteries comprises a fuel cell unit, a rechargeable battery device and a loop switching device. The fuel cell unit outputs DC power; the rechargeable battery device comprises a plurality of rechargeable batteries which are secondary cells and able to output or input DC power; and the loop switching device comprises a DC power output terminal and an electrical connect/disconnect selection means. The fuel cell unit and the rechargeable batteries are respectively electrically connected to the loop switching device, and the loop switching device selects electrical contact between the fuel cell unit and any rechargeable battery in the rechargeable battery device, and selects electrical connection between any other rechargeable battery in the rechargeable battery device and DC power output terminal of the loop switching device.

Abstract: A transmission concentration device capable of reducing environmental temperature effect comprises mainly a concentration detector arranged in the fluid communication space of a fluid circulating apparatus in a fuel cell system where the fluid temperature in the concentration detector and the fuel cell is equal to help minimize measurement error brought about by the effect of environmental temperature.