Abstract: The present invention refers to a system for detecting obstacles for vehicles, comprising at least one sensor able to transmit a detection signal and to receive an echo signal reflected off at least one obstacle, means of parametric evaluation of said received echo signal which comprise means of comparison between at least two successive echo signals for the determination of a reference echo signal able to define the position of at least one fixed obstacle with respect to said at least one sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blank (1), a method and a machine (11) for realising the blank (1). The blank (1) is constituted by four lengths (5) which are consecutively joined to form a structure (2) or frame (6) which can be folded around one or more flat articles (4) or tiles to be packed. The machine (11) and the method for realising the blanks (1) include supplying identical panels of cardboard which are joined to constitute a continuous strip (10) and which are subsequently cut to correspond to lengths of sides of the tiles. Each length (5) is joined to a consecutive length (5) by deposits (7a) of glue.

Abstract: A process for series connection of two photovoltaic cells (1a, 1b) in series, comprising following stages: predisposing a first photovoltaic cell (1a) and a second photovoltaic cell (1b), both of a type comprising a photosensitive semiconductor layer (2) provided with front contacts (3a, 3b) and back contacts (4) arranged on opposite surfaces of the cell; partially superposing the two photovoltaic cells (1a, 1b), causing at least a partial superposing of the back contact (4) of the first photovoltaic cell (1a) on the front contact (3a, 3b) of the second photovoltaic cell (1b) and consequently establishing an electrical contact between the back contact (4) and the front contact (3a, 3b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of gabapentin and, more in particular, to a method of synthesis of 1,1-cyclohexane acetic acid monoamide, an intermediate used in the preparation of gabapentin, comprising the basic hydrolysis reaction of ?, -diaminocarbonyl-?,?-pentamethylene glutarimide.

Abstract: Stable compositions containing gabapentin compositions, methods of preparing such compositions, and methods of using such compositions.

Abstract: Circuit for the generation of two symmetrical buses of tension with respect to the negative of the feeding tension, comprising supply means able to supply a power step-up circuit comprising an inductor, a switch, a diode and a condenser, an LC filter being arranged in cascade to said power step-up circuit, a pair of switches with relevant re-circulation diodes being connected in cascade to said LC filter, whose peculiar aspect is that said supply means comprise a single supply source, and a circuit branch consisting of a condenser and a diode connected in series the one to the other and in parallel to said switch and said condenser of said power step-up circuit, a further inductor with diode in series being connected between the anode end of said circuit branch diode and a condenser connected symmetrically with respect to the condenser of said power step-up circuit.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module (1) comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells (100), electrically interconnected to define a photo-active surface (2). The photovoltaic cells (100) being closed between a front covering layer (3a) and a back covering layer (3b) which are electrically insulating, the front covering layer (3a) being frontally covered by a frontal covering element (4) having a mechanical protection function for the photovoltaic cells (100). The back covering layer (3b) being posteriorly supported by a support element, the support element being a ceramic slab of a limited thickness.

Abstract: A capsule for preparing drinks by passing a liquid through a powdered substance (9) contained in a chamber (8) made in the capsule (1). The chamber (8) is delimited on at least one side by at least one filter element (7) having a plurality of through-holes (12) extending from a first face (13) of the filter element (7) facing the inside of the chamber (8), to a second face (14) of the filter element (7). At least at the first face (13), the through-holes (12) have inlet sections (15) extending according to a main trajectory of extension and each having a length, measured along the main trajectory of extension, greater than their width, measured transversally to the main trajectory of extension.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing Nebivolol and, more particularly, to an improved process for synthesizing enantiomerically enriched 6-fluoro chroman alcohol or epoxide derivatives of formula, wherein R and X is defined in the description; as useful intermediates in the preparation of Nebivolol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of levetiracetam and, more particularly, to an improved process for the preparation of levetiracetam characterized by a crystallization-induced dynamic resolution of a diastereoisomeric mixture of an (±)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Nebivolol and, more particularly, to an improved method of synthesizing 6-fluoro chroman epoxides of formula (I) key intermediates in preparing nebivolol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing nebivolol and, more particularly, to a process for preparing d-nebivolol and its enantiomer l-nebivolol or acid addition salts thereof starting from commercially available or easily obtainable 2,2-dimethyl-1,3 dioxolane-4-carbaldehyde and a vinyl Grignard reagent.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic acid monoamide comprising the amination of 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic acid anhydride by reaction with aqueous NH3 at a temperature lower than 30° C. by using a NH3/anhydride molar ratio lower than 3, and the product precipitation through the acidification of the reaction mixture; a precipitation process of 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic acid monoamide; and a process for the synthesis of gabapentin comprising the above preparation of 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic acid monoamide, the Hofmann transposition of the same monoamide, the purification of a gabapentin salt and the crystallization from organic solvent.

Abstract: A method for making a composite structure or a portion of a composite structure of a braking band of a brake disc, unusually capable of obtaining a structure with an especially long life, comprising at least the following steps: making a composite ceramic structure, comprising carbon fibre filaments, silicon and silicon carbides, obtaining a body of a braking band comprising at least one braking surface; processing said braking surface removing a surface layer so as to have carbon not bonded with the silicon on surface; removing at least partly the carbon not bonded with silicon from the surface; depositing an anchoring substrate on said braking surface; and depositing a protective coating on said anchoring substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the purification of gabapentin. The process relates to the addition of hydrochloric acid to an aqueous solution or suspension of gabapentin, before, during or after the concentration step of that solution, and the subsequent slurry of the gabapentin by the addition of an alcoholic solvent. The so obtained gabapentin has an high purity degree and, in particular, is characterized by a low content of lactam.

Abstract: A process for resolving dorzolamide trans racemate, which comprises reacting said racemate with (1S)-(+)-10-camphorsulfonic acid so obtaining the (4S,6S) enantiomer by selectively precipitating and recovering the camphorsulfonic acid salt thereof (dorzolamide camphorsulfonate), and neutralizing dorzolamide camphorsulfonate to obtain dorzolamide.

Abstract: A machine to cover articles with flexible plastic material sheets. The machine includes an assembly for heat-sealing and cutting the sheets which cooperates with a work surface. The assembly includes a first and a second element, of which at least the first element is movable with respect to the other, and the two elements being arranged on opposite sides of the work surface. The first element includes a cutting and sealing blade having an electric current which passes through it and the second element including a cutting and sealing counter blade. Operation levers are provided to move the cutting and sealing blade from a rest position to a work position where the cutting and sealing blade engages the cutting and sealing counter blade. The first element and the levers belong to a unit connected to the work surface in a removable manner. The unit also includes elastic portions for holding the blade at a rest position.

Abstract: A method for applying a pattern (21, 57) of granular material (12, 12b, 12c, 12d) on a receiving surface (13), comprising in sequence associating said granular material (12, 12b, 12c, 12d) with a transferring surface (3) together with a liquid aggregating phase (9, 20) and according a prefiguration (10, 10b, 18, 56) of said pattern; facing said transferring surface (3) carrying said granular material (12, 12b, 12c, 12d) and said liquid phase (9, 20) to said receiving surface (13) in a transferring zone (15, 45); the method further comprises heating at least one portion of said liquid phase (9, 20) in said transferring zone (15) in order to detach from said transferring surface (3) said granular material (12, 12b, 12c, 12d) and applying the latter on said receiving surface (13).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of carvedilol as well as of the optically active R and S enantiomers thereof and of mixtures of these enantiomers and, more particularly, relates to an improved process for the preparation of carvedilol and its enantiomers characterized by the use of ethyl acetate as reaction solvent.

Abstract: A process and new oxazolinic intermediates for the preparation of 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo-[5,6]-clohepta-[1,2-b]-pyridin-11-ylide-ne)-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (loratadine) is described. The process starts from 2-(4,4-dimethyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)-3-methyl-pyridine, a new intermediate to obtain loratadine. 2-(4,4-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-oxazol-2-yl)-3-methyl-pyridine is condensed with 3-chloro-benzyl-chloride and the resultant product is treated with Grignard reagent of 4-chloro-N-methyl-piperidine. [3-(2-(3-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl]-pyridin-2-yl-]-1-(methyl-piperidin-4-yl)-methanone is obtained for subsequent hydrolysis. Starting from this last compound it is possible to obtain loratadine with known methods.