Abstract: Systems and associated methods are provided for improving detection and measurement of elements in a medium, particularly the measurement of gaseous bubbles in liquid medium, such as blood injected into a patient's body. The systems include a radiation emitter to emit radiation for traversing through a medium, and an analyzer subsystem to receive and to analyze the traversed radiation for presence and/or absence of gaseous elements in the medium. The methods include receiving at least one collection of data corresponding to at least one emitted radiation traversed through a medium, analyzing said collection of data for at least one predetermined condition; and generating a response upon detection of at least one predetermined condition.