Abstract: The present invention relates to a 2-fluoro-2-(3-oxobicyclopentyl)acetate derivative represented by the formula (1): The compound according to the present invention is useful for efficient syntheses of 2-amino-6-fluorobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A prostaglandin derivative represented by the formula: wherein X is a halogen atom, R1 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group or a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, m is an integer of 0 to 5, and Y is a group represented by the formula: wherein R2 is a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, a C3-10 cycloalkyl group substituted with C1-4 alkyl group(s), a C1-4 alkyl group substituted with C3-10 cycloalkyl group(s), a C1-10 alkyl group, a C2-10 alkenyl group, a C2-10 alkynyl group or a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group, or a group represented by the formula: wherein n is an integer of 1 to 8; a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising N-(3-chloro-4-morpholin-4-yl)phenyl-N′-hydroxyimidoformamidine and sulfobutyl ether &bgr;-cyclodextrin or a salt thereof, wherein sulfobutyl ether &bgr;-cyclodextrin increases the solubility of N-(3-chloro-4-morpholin-4-yl)phenyl-N′-hydroxyimidoformamidine and improves the photostability.

Abstract: The present invention provides an arylpiperidine derivative of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has antipsychotic effect: wherein D is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, E is a CH group or a nitrogen atom, G is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom or an NH group, Y1 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, n is an integer of 1 to 4, and R1 is a group represented by any of the formulas (i) to (iv) defined in the specification.

Abstract: Preparations containing minoxidil at a high concentration which scarcely show the precipitation of crystals even at low temperatures and have a high stability.

Abstract: Matrix element calculation carried out efficiently without the overhead of communication between a host computer and processor elements even in parallel calculation utilizing a low-cost communication device and multiple processor elements having memories of a small capacity. In a method for calculating molecular orbitals, for example, all elements F(I, J) of a Fock matrix are calculated where an outermost loop is a loop associated with combinations (RT) of contracted shell R and contracted shell T which satisfy relationships R≦Nshell and T≦R. A second loop is a loop associated with contracted shell S, and a third loop is a loop associated with contracted shell U. Alternatively, the second loop is a loop associated with the contracted shell U, and the third loop is a loop associated with the contracted shell S. The value of S ranges from 1 to R, and the value of U ranges from 1 to R.

Abstract: It is desirable to provide a gas chromatography type of chemical analysis method for estimating the change of body smell with progressive ageing of a living subject over a period of years by 1) utilization of the smell distinguishing ability of an experimental animal, 2) instrumental analysis, or 3) a combination of them. The present inventors found that the amounts of several volatile organic substances (e.g., 2-phenylacetamide, indole and phenol) present in mouse urine as substances responsible for the body smell are increased or decreased with ageing. The change in body smell with ageing of an animal can be estimated by quantitatively analyzing these compounds by an instrumental analysis method such as Y-shaped labyrinth method (involving live animals in a maze), gas chromatograph (GC) or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Abstract: A cDNA library in which sense strand cDNAs are immobilized at the 5′-side is provided. A known nucleotide sequence is artificially added to the 3′-side of an antisense strand cDNA (the first strand) and the 5′-side of the second strand is immobilized by using a primer complementary to the above nucleotide sequence. Thus, a cDNA library with excellent qualities, which contain the full-length cDNA at a high possibility, can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2-amino-6-fluorobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives represented by the formula: the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or the hydrates thereof. The compounds of the present invention are useful as a medicament, and in particular, are useful as modulators acting on group 2 metabotropic glutamate receptors, having effects for treating and/or preventing psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, anxiety and its associated diseases, depression, bipolar disorder, and epilepsy; and/or neurological diseases such as drug dependence, cognitive disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease, dyskinesia associated with muscular stiffness, cerebral ischemia, cerebral failure, myelopathy, and head trauma.

Abstract: A phenyloxyaniline derivative useful as a ligand for peripheral benzodiazepine receptor having a strong affinity and a high selectivity, which is represented by formula (1): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inhibitor for production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, comprising, as an effective ingredient, specific hydroxyformamidine derivatives or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof. The inhibitors according to the present invention are useful as therapeutic agents for kidney diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, or circulatory diseases.

Abstract: A prostaglandin derivative represented by the formula: wherein X is a halogen atom in the &agr;- or &bgr;-position, Y is an ethylene group, a vinylene group or an ethynylene group, A is a group represented by the formula: O(CH2)n, S(O)p(CH2)n, O(CH2)qO(CH2)r, O(CH2)qS(O)p(CH2)r, S(O)p(CH2)qS(O)p(CH2)r or S(O)p(CH2)qO(CH2)r (wherein n is an integer of 1 to 5, p is 0, 1 or 2, q is an integer of 1 to 3, and r is 0 or 1), R1 is a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, a C1-4 alkyl-C3-10 cycloalkyl group, a C3-10 cycloalkyl-C1-4 alkyl group, a C5-10 alkyl group, a C5-10 alkenyl group, a C5-10 alkynyl group or a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group or a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, and m is 0, 1 or 2], a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate thereof. The present invention is to provide novel PG derivatives having an excellent PGD2-like agonistic activity and a sleep-inducing action.

Abstract: Aminobenzoic acid derivatives represented by Formula (1) as follows: (wherein, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6alkyl group, or the like; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6alkyl group, or the like; R3 represents a C8-25alkyl group, or the like; R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a group represented by OR9 or CO2R10 (wherein R9 and R10 represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group); A represents a group represented by S(O)qR15 (wherein q is 0, 1, or 2, R15 represents a C1-6alkyl group, a phenyl C1-3alkyl group, or a group represented by (CH2)mOR16 (wherein m is 2 or 3, and R16 represents a hydrogen atom or a methoxymethyl group), or the like; X represents O, a single bond, CH═CH, or a group represented by NR27 (wherein R27 represents a hydrogen atom or a t-butoxycarbonyl group); Y represents O, CONH, NHCO, or a group represented by NR28 (wherein R28 represents a hydrogen atom or a t-butoxycarbonyl group); and n is an integer of 0 to 15) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the

Abstract: There is provided a preparation process useful for an efficient synthesis of 6-O-substituted ketolide derivatives by combining a characterized step of introduction of a substituent at the 6-position by selective cleavage of a C—O bond of the cyclic acetal at the 9-position side via 6,9-cyclic acetal 5-O-desosaminyl erythronolide derivative, a step of conversion into carbonyl groups at the 9- and 3-positions, and a step of 11,12-cyclic carbamation to lead to 6-O-substituted ketolide derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to taste-masked pharmaceutical oral dosage formulations comprising complexes of a drug and polylysine or polyarginine for taste-masking, to convenient taste-masked oral dosage forms comprising the complexes and to methods of masking the taste of a drug, and preventing sublimation of the drug while providing good bioavailability.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical agents for inhibiting the production of 20-HETE which participates in constriction or dilation of microvessels in major organs such as the kidneys and the cerebral blood vessels, or participates in causing cell proliferation are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising N-(3-chloro-4-morpholin-4-yl)phenyl-N′-hydroxyimidoformamidine and sulfobutyl ether &bgr;-cyclodextrin or a salt thereof, wherein sulfobutyl ether &bgr;-cyclodextrin increases the solubility of N-(3-chloro-4-morpholin-4-yl)phenyl-N′-hydroxyimidoformamidine and improves the photostability.

Abstract: There is provided a parallel computer and a parallel computing method which allows high precision parallel calculation to be executed without requiring a hardware scale while maintaining high calculation speed. A system is constructed by connecting a host processor with a plurality of special purpose processors via buses. The host processor carries out the operation in a format of double-precision floating-point and the special purpose processor carries out the operation in an internal format of floating-point. The special purpose processor comprises an input data converting section for converting from the double-precision to the internal format and an output data converting section for converting from the internal format to the double-precision. Because the sign part and the exponent part can use data in common in the data before and after the conversion, only the mantissa part is converted by a specific procedure.

Abstract: The present invention is a preparation for external use which contains a basic drug, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and a carboxyvinyl polymer and which has a pH of 4 to 9. The present invention has made it possible to provide a new preparation for external use which enables a drug to show a long-lasting action even at a damaged site of the skin.

Abstract: A preparation for nasal administration which comprises as an effective ingredient a prostaglandin derivative represented by Formula (I): wherein X is a halogen atom, R1 is a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, a C3-10 cycloalkyl group substituted with C1-4 alkyl group(s) or a C4-13 cycloalkylalkyl group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group or a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, m is an integer of 0 to 3, and n is an integer of 1 to 4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a water-soluble polymer.