Abstract: The present disclosure provides a time delay integration (TDI) sensor using a rolling shutter. The TDI sensor includes multiple pixel columns. Each pixel column includes multiple pixels arranged in an along-track direction, wherein two adjacent pixels or two adjacent pixel groups in every pixel column have a separation space therebetween. The separation space is equal to a pixel height multiplied by a time ratio of a line time difference of the rolling shutter and a frame period, or equal to a summation of at least one pixel height and a multiplication of the pixel height by the time ratio of the line time difference and the frame period. The TDI sensor further records defect pixels of a pixel array such that in integrating pixel data to integrators, the pixel data associated with the defect pixels is not integrated into corresponding integrators.

Abstract: A vacuum cathode arc-induced pulsed thruster includes a housing where a triggering room and an electric discharging room are defined and are in communication with each other, a first anode unit and a first cathode unit concentrically disposed in the triggering room, a second anode unit disposed in the electric discharging room, an insulating fuel layer concentrically located between the first anode unit and the first cathode unit, a main insulating layer concentrically surrounded by the first cathode unit, and a second cathode unit inserted from the triggering room into the electric discharging room. Thus, the vacuum cathode arc-induced pulse thruster is lightweight and has low manufacturing costs, low system complexity, and less energy consumption. Carbon deposition caused during an electric discharging process is prevented from affecting an inducing effect to thereby prolong the service life of the thruster and increase the control precision and inducing precision effectively.