Abstract: This invention is to provide a compound of the formula: wherein R1 is an optionally substituted 5- to 6-membered ring; W is a divalent group of the formula: wherein the ring A is an optionally substituted 5- to 6-membered aromatic ring, X is an optionally substituted C, N or O atom, and the ring B is an optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered ring; Z is a chemical bond or a divalent group; R2 is (1) an, optionally substituted amino group in which a nitrogen atom may form a quaternary ammonium, etc., or a salt thereof, which is useful for antagonizing MCP-1 receptor.

Abstract: &agr;-Unsaturated amines of the formula: wherein X1 and X2 are such that one is an electron-attracting group with the other being a hydrogen atom or an electron-attracting group; R1 is a group attached through a nitrogen atom; R2 is a hydrogen atom or a group attached through a carbon, nitrogen or oxygen atom; n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; A is a heterocyclic group or a cyclic hydrocarbon group, and salts thereof and their agrochemical use as insecticidal and/or miticidal agents are described.

Abstract: A novel process for preparing 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole is provided which is suitable for industrial application. The process for preparing 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole involves allowing 2-halogenoallyl isothiocyanate to react with chlorinating agent in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon which may have one or more substituents.

Abstract: A quaternized nitrogen-containing imidazol-1-yl or 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl compound wherein one of the nitrogen atoms constituting an azole ring is quaternized with a substituent capable of being eliminated in vivo and the substituent can be eliminated in vivo to be converted into an antifungal azole compound, has an improved solubility in water, can advantageously be applied to injection, has an improved internal absorption and can be expected to have a good effect for the treatment or prevention of disease.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: [wherein ring A represents a homocycle optionally having substituents or a nitrogen-containing heterocycle optionally having substituents; D and E are O or S; one of R1 and R2 represents a group represented by the formula: (wherein Ar1 and Ar2 represent an aromatic group optionally having substituents; Ar1 and Ar2 may form a condensed cyclic group optionally having substituents together with an adjacent carbon atom; ring B represents a nitrogen-containing heterocycle optionally having substituents; X and Y are a bond, O, S(O)p (p is an integer of 0 to 2), NR4 (R4 is H or a lower alkyl group) or a bivalent straight-chained lower hydrocarbon group, which may contain 1 to 3 hetero atoms, optionally having substituents; and R3 represents H, a hydroxy group optionally having substituents or an optionally esterified carboxyl group); and the other is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group or a hydrocarbon group optionally having substituents&rsq

Abstract: There is disclosed a compound of the formula (A): wherein W is C—G or C—G′ (G is optionally esterified carboxyl; and G′ is halogen); X is oxygen, optionally oxidized sulfur or —(CH2)q—, (q is 0 to 5); R is optionally substituted amino or heterocyclic group; the ring B is optionally substituted nitrogen-containing 5- to 7-membered ring; L is hydrogen, optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue, optionally substituted acyl, optionally substituted carbamoyl, optionally substituted thiocarbamoyl or optionally substituted sulfonyl provided that, when W is C—G, L is hydrogen, optionally substituted acyl, optionally substituted carbamoyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted thiocarbamoyl or optionally substituted sulfonyl; n is 0 or 1; the ring A may have a substituent. A process for producing the compound (A) and a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound (A) are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a compound or a salt thereof represented by the formula: wherein R1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, the ring A is an optionally substituted divalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, X′ is an optionally substituted alkylene chain, Y is an optionally substituted divalent cyclic group, X is a chemical bond or an optionally substituted alkylene chain, and Z is (1) an optionally substituted amino group, (2) an optionally substituted imidoyl group or (3) an optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, or a pro-drug thereof, which have activated coagulation factor X inhibitory activity and which are useful as anti-coagulants.

Abstract: An apoptosis inhibitor which comprises a compound of the formula: wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group that may be substituted or a heterocyclic group that may be substituted; Y represents a group of the formula: —CO—, —CH(OH)— or —NR3— where R3 represents an alkyl group that may be substituted; m is 0 or 1; n is 0, 1 or 2; X represents CH or N; A represents a chemical bond or a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms; Q represents oxygen or sulfur; R1 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group; ring E may have further 1 to 4 substituents, which may form a ring in combination with R1; L and M respectively represent hydrogen or may be combined with each other to form a chemical bond; or a salt thereof, or a compound having an insulin sensitivity enhancing activity.

Abstract: This invention discloses a PACAP receptor protein or a salt thereof, a DNA comprising a DNA fragment coding for the protein, a method for preparing the protein, antibody against the protein, and use of the protein, DNA, and antibodies. A PACAP receptor protein was purified from the bovine cerebrum. DNAs coding for PACAP receptor proteins were isolated from bovine, rat and human cDNA libraries, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. Further, amino acid sequences deduced from the nucleotide sequences were determined.

Abstract: A method of producing sustained-release microcapsules which comprises dispersing a physiologically active polypeptide into a solution of a biodegradable polymer and zinc oxide in an organic solvent, followed by removing the organic solvent; which provides a sustained-release preparation showing a high entrapment ratio of the physiologically active polypeptide and its constant high blood concentration levels over a long period of time.

Abstract: Galanin receptor proteins, production and use thereof including screening of galanin receptor agonists and antagonists are provided. Galanin receptor proteins, etc. or salts thereof, partial peptides thereof, DNAs coding for the above galanin receptor protein, processes for producing the above receptor protein, methods of screening for a galanin receptor agonist and/or antagonist or screening kits therefor, agonist and/or antagonist compounds or salts thereof obtained by the above screening method or the screening kit, pharmaceutical compositions containing the above compound or its salt, and antibodies against the above receptor protein are provided. It is allowable to efficiently screen a galanin receptor agonist or antagonist by using the galanin receptor protein, the partial peptide thereof, the galanin receptor protein-encoding DNA, the receptor protein-containing cell or its membrane fraction.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: wherein X represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Y represents an optionally oxidized sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Z represents a bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group; R1 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; R2 represents an optionally amidated or esterified carboxyl group; ring A represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered heterocyclic ring; or a salt thereof. A compound of the above formula possesses cell differentiation inducing factor action-enhancing activity and anti-matrix metalloprotease activity and that is useful in the prevention and treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis, bone fractures, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, arteriosclerosis, cancer metastasis, and diseases based on nerve degeneration.

Abstract: The present invention provides a linker binding carrier for organic synthesis represented by the formula: —Z—W—(SO2X)m wherein  is a carrier, X is a leaving group, Y is a bond or spacer, Z is a bivalent group, when Z is a bivalent electron attractive group, W is an aromatic ring which may be substituted and when Z is a bivalent non-electron attractive group, W is an aromatic ring which is substituted by an electron attractive group and may be further substituted and m is 1 or 2, or a salt thereof, which is useful for synthesizing a novel organic compound.

Abstract: A microorganism having indolmycin-producing ability and tryptophan analogue resistance is provided, and indolmycin or its salt can be produced efficiently by cultivating such microorganism in a medium to produce and accumulate indolmycin or its salt in the culture broth followed by recovering a product.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical composition which comprises an insulin sensitivity enhancer in combination with other antidiabetics differing from the enhancer in the mechanism of action, which shows a potent depressive effect on diabetic hyperglycemia and is useful for prophylaxis and treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: The pharmaceutical composition of the invention, which comprises a benzimidazole compound of the formula wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, cyano, carboxy, carboalkoxy, carboalkoxyalkyl, carbamoyl, carbamoylalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, trifluoromethyl, acyl, carbamoyloxy, nitro, acyloxy, aryl, aryloxy, alkylthio or alkylsulfinyl, R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, carboalkoxy, carbamoyl, alkylcarbamoyl, dialkylcarbamoyl, alkylcarbonylmethyl, alkoxycarbonylmethyl or alkylsulfonyl, R3 and R5 are the same or different and each is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkoxy, R4 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy which may optionally be fluorinated, or alkoxyalkoxy, and m is an integer of 0 through 4, and a basic inorganic salt stabilizing agent, is physically stable. Magnesium and calcium basic inorganic salt stabilizing agents are particularly useful.

Abstract: According to a first embodiment, there is provided a sustained-release preparation comprising a water-insoluble or slightly water-soluble polyvalent metal salt of a water-soluble physiologically active substance which is not an endothelin antagonist, and a biodegradable polymer. The sustained-release preparation of the first embodiment is highly efficient in incorporating the water-soluble physiologically active substance and suppresses the initial burst of the water-soluble physiologically active substance. The sustained-release preparation of the present invention is capable of releasing the water-soluble physiologically active substance while retaining its bioactivity after administration in vivo. Furthermore, the water-soluble physiologically active substance in the sustained-release preparation is kept stable for a long period of time, with little loss of bioactivity.

Abstract: A process for obtaining an aqueous fumaric acid solution which is useful in stably obtaining a large amount of aqueous fumaric acid solution. A column is packed with solid fumaric acid and then water is passed through the column, thereby giving an aqueous fumaric acid solution. Water is usually passed in the reverse direction. The solid fumaric acid may be in the form of tablets containing 70% by weight or more of fumaric acid. The aqueous fumaric acid solution thus obtained has a pH value of about 1 to 4. A urinal, etc. is treated with a fumaric acid-containing deodorizing agent to thereby efficiently deodorize nitrogen-containing bad-smelling components over a long period of time. A solid deodorizing agent containing fumaric acid, which has an extremely low solubility and a low dissolution rate in water, is placed on a urinal to deodorize the same.

Abstract: This invention is to provide a compound for antagonizing CCR5, said compound being represented by the formula: wherein R1 is an optionally substituted phenyl or an optionally substituted thienyl; Y is —CH2—, —S— or —O—; and R2, R3 and R4 are independently an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted alicyclic heterocyclic ring group, and being effective for the prevention and treatment of infectious disease of HIV.

Abstract: A prefilled syringe has a tubular body which has an open front end and an open rear end. A front assembly is mounted on an outer periphery of a front end portion of the tubular body. A finger grip is mounted on an outer periphery of a rear end portion of the tubular body. A front sealing member is provided in the tubular body so as to be disposed forwardly of injection liquid and a rear sealing member is provided in the tubular body so as to be disposed rearwards of the injection liquid. A plunger rod is provided so as to be movable in the tubular body. A temporary stop member temporarily stops the plunger rod through retention of the temporary stop member by the finger grip such that the rear sealing member is temporarily stopped at a predetermined position of the tubular body. A retention canceling member cancels the retention of the temporary stop member by the finger grip without moving the plunger rod.