Abstract: A composting device includes a stirring device, a conveyor belt and a decomposing device. The stirring device, the conveyor belt and the decomposing device are connected successively. A composting method is further provided. An efficient device that can mix livestock and poultry manure, straws and additives fully and uniformly is researched and developed, a conventional method is broken, new innovation is achieved, and the efficiency is improved.

Abstract: A process for producing a surfactant having two head groups and a single tail group per molecule, including steps of: producing a compound of Formula (1) from ethanol and carbon disulfide; producing a compound of Formula (2) from a carboxylic acid and bromine; producing a compound of Formula (3) from the compound of Formula (2) and methanol; producing a compound of Formula (4) from the compound of Formula (1) and the compound of Formula (3); and producing a compound of Formula (5) from the compound of Formula (4) by a direct oxidation process or by a peracid oxidation process. The surfactant produced by the process has lower critical micelle concentration and enables a lower surface tension of a liquid as compared with prior surfactants with two head groups per molecule, thereby enabling the amount of surfactant required and thus the cost to be substantially reduced.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a Brevundimonas strain as an endosymbiont of Verticillium dahliae, which is named Brevundimonas olei dahliae olei (B. olei) and deposited with the accession number of CCTCC NO: M 2020392. Morphological identification and diversity sequencing analysis confirm that the symbiont is B. olei. The effect of B. olei fermentation broth on growth and microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae is explored through a co-cultivation experiment. Observations through electron microscope find that, with the increase of culture time and fermentation broth concentration, the Verticillium dahliae forms fewer conidia, its hyphae swell, rupture, and become abnormal in shape, and its microsclerotia gradually decrease and even disappear.