Abstract: Binder compositions for use in forming a bit body of an earth-boring bit include at least one of cobalt, nickel, and iron, and at least one melting point-reducing constituent selected from at least one of a transition metal carbide up to 60 weight percent, a transition metal boride up to 60 weight percent, and a transition metal silicide up to 60 weight percent, wherein the weight percentages are based on the total weight of the binder. Earth-boring bit bodies include a cemented tungsten carbide material comprising tungsten carbide and a metallic binder, wherein the tungsten carbide comprises greater than 75 volume percent of the cemented tungsten carbide material.

Abstract: A cutting tool comprises a cutting insert, a tool holder, and a fastener. The cutting insert comprises a cutting edge and a fastener bore adapted to accept a fastener for fastening together the cutting tool and tool holder. A coolant flow recess in the fastener bore is adapted to direct coolant through the coolant flow recess and toward a head portion of the fastener. The tool holder comprises an insert pocket adapted to removably fasten the cutting insert and fastener to the tool holder, and a coolant bore adapted to direct the coolant from the tool holder to the coolant flow recess of the fastener bore. The head portion of the fastener and the coolant flow recess of the fastener bore define a gap that directs the coolant to the cutting edge of the cutting insert.

Abstract: Cutting tools and cutting inserts having a wear resistant coating on a substrate comprising a metal carbide particle and a binder. For certain applications, a cutting insert having a wear resistant coating comprising hafnium carbon nitride and a binder comprising ruthenium may provide a greater service life. The wear resistant coating comprising hafnium carbon nitride may have a thickness of from 1 to 10 microns. In another embodiment, the cutting tool comprises a cemented carbide substrate with a binder comprising at least one of iron, nickel and cobalt.

Abstract: A double-sided cutting insert with a plurality of indexable convex cutting edges can have a top face and a bottom face, at least three convex cutting edges on each face connected by at least three nose corners, at least three peripheral side surfaces extending from each face toward a virtual middle plane; and a common lateral seating surface on each peripheral side surface. Each convex cutting edge can have at least a curved cutting edge region, and can further have a primary substantially straight cutting edge region intermediate the curved cutting edge region and the nose corner. Each peripheral side surface can further have a primary planar facet associated with the primary substantially straight cutting edge, and each face may also be single-handed in same direction. Additionally, in various embodiments, the top and bottom faces of the cutting insert may be formed such that they are twisted or rotated with respect to each other.

Abstract: Cutting tools and cutting inserts having a wear resistant coating on a substrate comprising a metal carbide particle and a binder. For certain applications, a cutting insert having a wear resistant coating comprising hafnium carbon nitride and a binder comprising ruthenium may provide a greater service life. The wear resistant coating comprising hafnium carbon nitride may have a thickness of from 1 to 10 microns. In another embodiment, the cutting tool comprises a cemented carbide substrate with a binder comprising at least one of iron, nickel and cobalt.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes a cemented carbide piece, and a joining phase that binds the cemented carbide piece into the article. The joining phase comprises a eutectic alloy material. The article of manufacture further includes a non-cemented carbide piece bound into the article of manufacture by the joining phase. An article of manufacture includes a fixed-cutter earth-boring bit body, a roller cone, and a part for an earth-boring bit.

Abstract: An improved design of a cutting insert system includes a plurality of indexable peripheral milling cutting inserts adapted to be mounted on a peripheral milling tool holder. Each of the cutting inserts includes an insert width that is the same for each cutting insert. Each of the cutting inserts also includes a corner nose having a corner nose radius dimension that is different for each cutting insert, and an axial alignment clearance face that defines an equivalent face location and an equivalent clearance angle for each of the plurality of cutting inserts when the insert is detachably mounted on the tool holder.

Abstract: A cutting insert for milling operations, such as, face milling, slot milling, plunge milling, and ramping operations. The cutting insert exhibits a combination of favorable cutting edge strength, and unique cutting edge geometry, allowing milling operations at relatively high feed rates. The cutting insert includes at least four cutting edges, wherein at least one of the cutting edges is a convex cutting edge.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to cutting tools. The disclosed cutting tools may have a wear resistant coating on a substrate. The substrate may have hard particles cemented in a binder phase. The binder may have a near-surface concentration gradient of at least one platinum group element and/or rhenium. Processes for producing cutting tools are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for producing ammonium metatungstate from ammonium paratungstate includes preparing an ammonium paratungstate mixture including solid ammonium paratungstate and water. The mixture is contacted with a cation exchange material to lower a pH of the mixture to a pH range wherein metatungstate ion is stable and an insoluble tungstic acid is not formed. The pH of the mixture may be maintained in the pH range until the ammonium paratungstate mixture is converted into an ammonium metatungstate solution.

Abstract: A method of one of manufacturing and maintaining a grinding roll comprises removably attaching an article adapted for use as a wear resistant working surface to an external surface a cylindrical core. The article includes a metal matrix composite comprising a plurality of inorganic particles dispersed in a matrix material comprising a metal or a metal alloy. The melting temperature of the inorganic particles is greater than the melting temperature of the matrix material. Hard elements are embedded in the metal matrix composite. The wear resistance of the metal matrix composite is less than the wear resistance of the hard elements, and the metal matrix composite wears away when the grinding roll is in use, thereby providing or preserving gaps between the hard elements at a working surface of the roll.

Abstract: An earth-boring bit part such as, for example, a bit body, roller cone, or mud nozzle includes a hybrid cemented carbide composite. The hybrid cemented carbide includes a cemented carbide dispersed phase, and a cemented carbide continuous phase. A method of manufacture also is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming a composite article by injecting at least two composite materials comprising metal carbides into a mold to form a green compact is disclosed. The composite materials may be metal powders comprising a binder metal, a hard particle. The composite material may further comprise a plastic binder. The two different composite materials are injected into the mold to form the green compact. Additionally, the composite materials may be injected through a die before entering the mold. In a specific embodiment, the die forms at least one internal channel within the green compact.

Abstract: A modular fixed cutter earth-boring bit body includes a blade support piece and at least one blade piece fastened to the blade support piece. A modular fixed cutter earth-boring bit and methods of making modular fixed cutter earth-boring bit bodies and bits also are disclosed.

Abstract: An article in the form of one of a plate, a sheet, a cylinder, and a portion of a cylinder, which is adapted for use as at least a portion of a wear resistant working surface of a roll is disclosed. The article includes a metal matrix composite comprising a plurality of inorganic particles dispersed in a matrix material. The matrix material includes at least one of a metal and a metal alloy, wherein the melting temperature of the inorganic particles is greater than the melting temperature of the matrix material. A plurality of hard elements are embedded in the metal matrix composite. The wear resistance of the metal matrix composite is less than the wear resistance of the hard elements, and the metal matrix composite preferentially wears away when the article is in use, thereby providing or preserving gaps between each of the plurality of hard elements at a working surface of the article.

Abstract: Composite articles, including composite rotary cutting tools and composite rotary cutting tool blanks, and methods of making the articles are disclosed. The composite article includes an elongate portion. The elongate portion includes a first region composed of a first cemented carbide, and a second region autogenously bonded to the first region and composed of a second cemented carbide. At least one of the first cemented carbide and the second cemented carbide is a hybrid cemented carbide that includes a cemented carbide dispersed phase and a cemented carbide continuous phase. At least one of the cemented carbide dispersed phase and the cemented carbide continuous phase includes at least 0.5 percent by weight of cubic carbide based on the weight of the phase including the cubic carbide.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes a cemented carbide piece and a joining phase that binds the cemented carbide piece into the article. The joining phase includes inorganic particles and a matrix material. The matrix material is a metal and a metallic alloy. The melting temperature of the inorganic particles is higher than the melting temperature of the matrix material. A method includes infiltrating the space between the inorganic particles and the cemented carbide piece with a molten metal or metal alloy followed by solidification of the metal or metal alloy to form an article of manufacture.

Abstract: A macroscopic composite sintered powder metal article including a first region including cemented hard particles, for example, cemented carbide. The article includes a second region including one of a metal and a metallic alloy selected from the group consisting of a steel, nickel, a nickel alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, molybdenum, a molybdenum alloy, cobalt, a cobalt alloy, tungsten, and a tungsten alloy. The first region is metallurgically bonded to the second region, and the second region has a thickness of greater than 100 microns. A method of making a macroscopic composite sintered powder metal article is also disclosed, herein. The method includes co-press and sintering a first metal powder including hard particles and a powder binder and a second metal powder including the metal or metal alloy.

Abstract: A cutting insert for milling operations, such as, face milling, slot milling, plunge milling, and ramping operations. The cutting insert exhibits a combination of favorable cutting edge strength, and unique cutting edge geometry, thus, allowing milling operations at relatively high feed rates. The cutting insert includes at least four cutting edges, wherein at least one of the cutting edges is a convex cutting edge. Certain embodiments of square cutting inserts will have four convex cutting edges which may be connected by nose corners. The convex cutting edge may comprise at least one of a circular arc, a portion of an ellipse, a portion of a parabola, a multi-segment spline curve, a straight line, or combinations of these. Wherein the convex cutting edge comprises a circular arc, the circular arc may have a radius greater than or equal to two times a radius of the largest circle that may be inscribed on the top surface.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert comprises a hard metal substrate having at least two wear-resistant coatings including an exterior ceramic coating and a coating under the ceramic coating being a metal carbonitride having a nitrogen to carbon-plus-nitrogen atomic ratio between 0.7 and 0.95 which causes the metal carbonitride to form projections into the ceramic coating improving adherence and fatigue strength of the ceramic coating.