Abstract: The illustrative embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus and method that is capable of non-contact cooling of a hot body by optically-enhanced radiation. An apparatus in accordance with the illustrative embodiment includes a cold body and an optical system. The optical system couples the cold body to a hot body for the transmission of infrared radiation. Once optically coupled, heat will flow, at an enhanced rate, from the hot body to the cold body, as dictated by thermodynamics, thereby cooling the hot body. In some embodiment, the temperature of the cold body is held substantially constant.

Abstract: A scent-delivery system is disclosed that utilizes as least one of (1) a venturi-effect delivery device for promoting evaporation of volatile compounds or (2) a pendulum for energy-efficient movement of solid or liquid forms containing the volatile compounds. When the venturi-effect delivery device is used, a flow of air therethrough drives the evaporation of volatile compounds. The pendulum can be used to move the venturi-effect delivery device to generate the relative movement between the air and the device, hence creating a “flow” of air.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for monitoring a large number of binding interactions and obtaining data related to the interactions. In accordance with the illustrative embodiment, the apparatus includes an IR sensor, a sliding separator, and IR-transmitting fibers that are optically coupled, at a first end thereof, to the sensor. The sliding separator adjusts the spacing between fibers as is required for interfacing the second end of the fibers with any of a variety of sample carriers. The second end of the fibers capture chemical entities form the sample carriers. The chemical entities at the end of the fibers are then contacted with a binding compound. If binding activity occurs, a thermal signal indicative thereof will be transmitted through the fiber to the sensor.

Abstract: An article and method for high throughput and a high content investigation of compound interactions with live tissue or its substitutes under controlled conditions during compound absorption and related processes. In some variations of the illustrative embodiment, the article is a multi-chamber enclosure having at least two chambers separated by a membrane. Membranes can be prepared from live epithelial tissue or from an artificial material with or without attached cells from cell-line cultures. Each chamber is advantageously connected to a fluidic-control system by tubes that pass through a feed fitting. In addition to coupling the chambers with the fluidic-control system, the feed fitting, which is spring-biased, provides a sealing force to seal the enclosure. In some variations, one or more multi-chamber enclosures are installed in a mother chamber, which provides controlled environmental conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus for high-throughput analysis of compound absorption in a controlled environment that closely resembles in-vivo conditions. The apparatus includes at least one tissue-receiving enclosure that is capable of interfacing (e.g., via transfer of fluids, electronically, etc.) with a variety of preparative devices and analytical instrumentation. In some variations, the tissue-receiving enclosure is formed from two housings, which, when engaged, have a capsular shape. The enclosure receives a tissue sample in the form of an un-everted or everted intestinal segment or tubular artificial membrane. The tissue sample is coupled to a generally cylindrical tissue support. The tissue support and the enclosure are axially aligned, and openings at the ends of the enclosure align with openings at the ends of the tissue support. Two feed fittings, one for each end of the enclosure, forcefully mate with the aligned openings in the housing and the tissue support.

Abstract: A particle sorter/dispenser wherein particles that are suspended in a liquid are flowed through a conduit and selectively dispensed through a dispensing orifice. The conduit includes a sensing zone wherein the liquid-suspended particles are interrogated by a sensor. Data from the sensor is received by processing electronics that analyzes the data from the sensor and makes a decision whether or not to dispense a particle. The particle sorter/dispenser further includes a switch that, responsive to a signal from the processing electronics, controls whether or not a given particle is dispensed through the dispensing orifice. The switch has one or two valves that introduce relatively high-pressure liquid into the conduit. The flow streamlines of the high-pressure liquid controls the flow of the relatively low-pressure liquid-suspended particles in the conduit. Particles that are not dispensed are flowed past the dispensing orifice to a recycle reservoir that depends from the downstream end of the conduit.

Abstract: An apparatus for sealing a wide variety of vessels and for providing access to the interior of such vessels while sealed. In some embodiments, a sealing apparatus includes a base plate, a cover plate, and a seal that is disposed therebetween. In use on a vessel, when the seal is disposed in a rest position, it covers a vessel-access hole that penetrates the base plate and communicates with the underlying vessel. To temporarily displace the seal, a tube, such as a syringe needle, etc., is inserted through a guide hole in the cover plate. The tube contacts the seal, which forces the seal to move at least partially out of its sealing position. With continued downward movement, the tube enters the underlying vessel so that it can withdraw or add fluid to it. When the tube is withdrawn, the seal returns to its sealing position.

Abstract: A liquid dispenser that dispenses liquid via the action of a collapsing tube. The illustrative dispenser includes a liquid-carrying tube, a wire, and a magnet. The magnet is shaped to receive the tube and the wire between an elongated North pole and an elongated South pole. A pulse of current of controlled amperage and duration is sent through the wire, which causes it to deflect. This causes the tube to collapse with the result that a portion of the liquid that is contained in the tube is ejected.