Abstract: A device that may include a transmitter that is configured to transmit, per each sensing iteration, a radiation pulse; an array of pixels, each pixel comprises multiple subpixels, each subpixel comprises single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) that are coupled to each other in parallel, and one or more quenching circuits, wherein each subpixel is configured to output a subpixel output signal indicative of a reflected radiation pulse sensed by one or more SPADs of the subpixel; wherein the reflected radiation pulse is reflected from an area of an object that was illuminated by the radiation pulse; and a processing circuit that is configured to: read, for each pixel, multiple subpixel output signals from the multiple subpixels of the pixel; receive, per each sensing iteration, transmission timing information indicative of a timing of transmission of the radiation pulse; and determine, per each sensing iteration and per each subpixel, a timing of a first detection of the reflected pulse detected by any of the SPA

Abstract: The ubiquitin ligase, RNF5, regulates the gut microbiota composition and influences the immune checkpoint response to tumors. RNF5 deficient animals exhibit significant inhibition of tumor development as well as an altered gut microbiota composition. Methods of treating cancer by administering to a subject one or more selected bacterial species and/or one or more prebiotics that promote the growth of one or more selected bacterial species are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of treating cancer by administering to a subject one or more selected bacterial species and/or one or more prebiotics that promote the growth of one or more selected bacterial species in combination with one or more anti-cancer agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conducting material comprising a carbon-based material selected from a diamond or an insulating diamond-like carbon, having a hydrogen-terminated surface and a layer of tungsten trioxide, rhenium trioxide, or chromium oxide coating said hydrogen-terminated surface. Such conducting materials are useful in the fabrication of electronic components, electrodes, sensors, diodes, field effect transistors, and field emission electron sources.

Abstract: A system comprising: a high index dielectric configured to: a) create a bi-periodic interference pattern of two standing sinusoidal waves on illumination by two pairs of counter-propagating sinusoidal light beams at different incident angles, wherein the incident angles are selected in accordance with the index of refraction of the high index dielectric to i) to 5 determine the spatial frequency of each counter-propagating light beam pair, and ii) cause total internal reflection, and b) generate, from the bi-periodic interference pattern, an evanescent bi-periodic standing sinusoidal wave; a light source configured to illuminate the high index dielectric with the two pairs of counter-propagating sinusoidal light beams at the different incident angles and thereby illuminate a fluorescing object positioned at the surface of the high index dielectric with the generated evanescent bi-periodic standing sinusoidal wave; and one or more delay lines configured to independently modify the initial phase of each counter

Abstract: A self cleaning inlet head for use on a shunt. The head has a tube with openings disposed in predetermined positions in its wall, and a cleaning element installed inside the tube. The cleaning element may comprise a central shaft with a number of bristles protruding therefrom, preferably in locations substantially identical to the positions of the openings in the wall of the tube. Mutual vibratory motion between the cleaning element and the tube causes at least some of the bristles to enter the openings, thereby keeping them clear, and preventing tissue growth into them. The vibratory motion may be generated by the action of an external field on a responsive part of the cleaning element, such as an external magnetic field operating on a magnetic or magnetized part of the cleaning element or the bristles. Alternatively, the external field may be an ultrasound field operating on the bristles.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling a robot to navigate a perceptually aliased environment, the robot being configured to infer a first Gaussian mixture model (GMM) of a first pose of the robot, and to plan an optimal control action by: determining a second GMM of a simulated pose of the robot by simulating applying the first control action to the first GMM; determining from the second GMM a range of possible observations; calculating scene probabilities for associating each possible observation with each aliased scene of a set of aliased scenes; calculating from the scene probabilities an objective function to determine an estimated cost of the first control action; and comparing the estimated cost of the first control action with estimated costs calculated for one or more additional control actions, to determine an optimal control action.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conducting material comprising a carbon-based material selected from a diamond or an insulating diamond-like carbon, having a hydrogen-terminated surface and a layer of tungsten trioxide, rhenium trioxide, or chromium oxide coating said hydrogen-terminated surface. Such conducting materials are useful in the fabrication of electronic components, electrodes, sensors, diodes, field effect transistors, and field emission electron sources.

Abstract: A sensor technology comprising a single nano-material (gold nanoparticles and/or carbon nanotube) based sensor or a plurality of sensors in conjunction with a pattern recognition algorithm for non-invasive and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis caused by M. tuberculosis bacteria in a subject. The sensor technology is suitable for population screening of tuberculosis, particularly in resource-poor and developing countries.

Abstract: A self-propelled device for locomotion through a lumen, comprising a set of serially arranged inflatable chambers, the end ones of which expand at least radially when inflated. Connecting passages provide fluid communication between each pair of adjacent chambers. A fluid source is attached to one of the end chambers. The connecting passages are such that the fluid inflates the chambers in a sequence, beginning with the chamber closest to the source, and ending with the chamber furthest from the source. The same sequence occurs when the chambers deflate, beginning with the chamber closest to the source, and ending with the chamber furthest from the source. The fluid source can either be a fluid supply tube, extending to a supply outside the lumen, or it can be built-in and carried by the device. The device can crawl either along the lumen wall or on an inserted guide wire.

Abstract: A system comprising: a dielectric configured to: a) create a bi-periodic interference pattern of two standing sinusoidal waves on illumination by two pairs of counter-propagating light beams at different incident angles, wherein the incident angles are selected in accordance with the index of refraction of the dielectric to i) to determine the spatial frequency of each counter-propagating light wave pair, and ii) cause total internal reflection, and b) generate, from the bi-periodic interference pattern, an evanescent bi-periodic standing sinusoidal wave; a light source configured to illuminate the dielectric with the two pairs of counter-propagating sinusoidal light waves at the selected incident angles and thereby illuminate a fluorescing object positioned at the surface of the dielectric with the generated bi-periodic evanescent standing sinusoidal wave; and one or more delay lines configured to independently modify the initial phase of each counter-propagating light wave pair.

Abstract: A sensor technology comprising a single nano-material (gold nanoparticles and/or carbon nanotube) based sensor or a plurality of sensors in conjunction with a pattern recognition algorithm for non-invasive and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis caused by M. tuberculosis bacteria in a subject. The sensor technology is suitable for population screening of tuberculosis, particularly in resource-poor and developing countries.

Abstract: A self cleaning inlet head for use on a shunt. The head has a tube with openings disposed in predetermined positions in its wall, and a cleaning element installed inside the tube. The cleaning element may comprise a central shaft with a number of bristles protruding therefrom, preferably in locations substantially identical to the positions of the openings in the wall of the tube. Mutual vibratory motion between the cleaning element and the tube causes at least some of the bristles to enter the openings, thereby keeping them clear, and preventing tissue growth into them. The vibratory motion may be generated by the action of an external field on a responsive part of the cleaning element, such as an external magnetic field operating on a magnetic or magnetized part of the cleaning element or the bristles. Alternatively, the external field may be an ultrasound field operating on the bristles.

Abstract: A method for making an oil-in-water dispersion or water-in-oil dispersion is disclosed. The method comprises the step of mixing a hydrophilic medium, a hydrophobic composition and non-derivatized cellulose solution in an ionic liquid.

Abstract: A self-propelled device for locomotion through a lumen, comprising a set of serially arranged inflatable chambers, the end ones of which expand at least radially when inflated. Connecting passages provide fluid communication between each pair of adjacent chambers. A fluid source is attached to one of the end chambers. The connecting passages are such that the fluid inflates the chambers in a sequence, beginning with the chamber closest to the source, and ending with the chamber furthest from the source. The same sequence occurs when the chambers deflate, beginning with the chamber closest to the source, and ending with the chamber furthest from the source. The fluid source can either be a fluid supply tube, extending to a supply outside the lumen, or it can be built-in and carried by the device. The device can crawl either along the lumen wall or on an inserted guide wire.

Abstract: An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter that includes an encoder, an interleaver, a symbol processor; and a transmission module; wherein the encoder is configured to encode a superframe to provide an encoded superframe; wherein the encoded superframe comprises a sequence of encoded frames; wherein the interleaver is configured to allocate multiple frequency sub-bands to each encoded frame of the encoded superframe by assigning adjacent frequency sub-bands to successive symbols of each encoded frame; wherein the symbol processor is configured to generate, for each encoded frame and according to the assignment of the multiple frequency sub-bands, an intermediate set of symbols; and wherein the transmission module is configured to transmit simultaneously, for each encoded frame, OFDM symbols that represents the intermediate set of symbols.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition having an interior hydrophobic space encapsulated by at least one non-derivatized cellulose molecular layer surrounded by a hydrophilic medium. The invention also provides methods for making an oil-in-water dispersion or water-in-oil dispersion by mixing a hydrophilic medium, a hydrophobic composition and non-derivatized cellulose solution in an ionic liquid or pure non-derivatized cellulose hydrogel.

Abstract: Methods and devices for purifying, detecting, and collecting analytes fractionated based on pI, separating analytes via electrophoresis and pI, and purifying a target molecule using pI focusing and subsequent crystallization are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for detecting and grading benign and malignant tumors using at least one sensor of conductive nanoparticles capped with an organic coating in conjunction with a learning and pattern recognition algorithm. The method utilizes a plurality of response induced parameters to obtain improved sensitivity and selectivity for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and staging various types of cancers, or for identifying or grading benign or malignant tumors.

Abstract: A method and a kit for the prevention of venous stenosis associated with the use of hemodialysis AV shunts. The kit may use a bifurcated needle for providing access to the shunt or blood vessel. One of the arms is used for returning the blood to the subject after dialysis treatment, while the other arm is used for inserting a device for cleaning the vein, the device being either an autonomous crawling device, or a passive tethered device moved down the vein by the blood flow. The autonomous crawling device may be a series of sequentially inflatable chambers, the stenosis being cleared by pressure from the outer walls of the chambers when inflated and moved. The passive device may be an element having a flexible disc-like structure, whose flexible peripheral edge slides along the inner walls of the blood vessel, compressing or clearing the material attached thereto.

Abstract: A composition, apparatuses and a methods for collecting and detecting compounds, including but not limited to volatile organic compounds, in a human breath sample are provided. In some embodiments, there is provided a glass-wool matrix and a sorbent material distributed throughout the glass-wool matrix.