Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for an efficient photodynamic therapy treatment. The apparatus comprises the following parts: (a) a lamp possessing a narrow beam light with half angle divergence up to 10.degree., possessing an intensity of at least 2 mW/nm with a spectral region in the range of 610 to 750 nm; (b) a glass lens to focus the beams of the light; (c) a red filter possessing a transmittance of 0.95 which provides a spectral region of above 610 nm, and (c) a light guide in the range of 3 to 12 mm diameter, which provides a minimum irradiance of 50 mW/cm.sup.2. According to a preferred embodiment the lamp is provided with a fixed internal reflector. In order to transmit the useful radiation and to remove the heat produced by the infra-red radiation, a 45.degree. dicroic mirror is attached to the apparatus.

Abstract: Novel discogens based on tricycloquinazoline derivatives and methods for their preparation are described. One method for their preparation is to nitrate veratraldehyde and after reducing the resulting nitrate to dimethoxy anthranil to obtain its trimerization thus producing a trisubstituted tricycloquinazoline. Another method is to start with dichlorotoluene and after its nitration to oxidize the nitrate into dichloronitrodiacetoxytoluene, its hydrolysis into benzaldehyde followed by a partial reduction to anthranil and finally by the trimerization of the anthranil to obtain the hexachlorotricycloquinazoline. The novel compounds are useful as fluorescent indicators for high performance oxygen sensors, organic conductors, liquid crystals and polymeric liquid crystals.

Abstract: Spraying equipment for plants growing in parallel rows comprises a main horizontal air duct and several secondary ducts extending therefrom in downward direction between the rows of plants. Each duct is provided with air outlets directed towards the plants, which are alternately opened and closed by valves so as to eject the air in pulses. One spray nozzle each is positioned in the center of each air outlet serving to eject into the pulsating air stream a jet of spraying fluid which is thereby carried onto the plants covering these from top to bottom. The equipment is attached to the front or rear of a tractor which carries a supply of spraying fluid and a pump serving to supply the material to each nozzle through piping. A blower is positioned in the main duct supplying air under pressure to the secondary ducts and to the air outlets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for an early stage detection of three specific pregnancy-related disorders: preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation and preterm delivery. According to the method, an antigen consisting of a specific human-derived placental soluble protein, known as PP-13, is determined by radioimmunoassay or ELISA. In the radioimmunoassay method, the PP-13 is labelled by a radioactive iodine and the bounded iodine is counted and correlated with standard curves. The best results are obtained when the protein to be labelled by radioactive iodine is present at a concentration of above 0.71 mg/ml. In case of the ELISA method, the quantitative determination of PP-13 is carried out with an alkaline phosphatase substrate and measured at an optical density of 405 nm.

Abstract: A displacement or power mechanical oscillator comprises an oscillation space constituted by a sector of an annular cavity, having a rectangular cross-section in a plane through the axis of the cavity and vertically oriented plane of symmetry. The cavity contains a sealing liquid and a vane in closed matching relationship with the inner walls of the cavity. The vane is symmetrically oscillatable with the liquid in the narrow gaps between vane and cavity walls providing a liquid dynamic seal.

Abstract: Bioaffinity separation is carried out in a cascade of column segments under control of a computer which selectively connects each column segment to a collector so that the individual bioactive components which are selectively retained by a biospecific sorbent can be individually collected. The volume and flow rate of eluate collected following each segment serve as the measure for the addition of makeup eluant between that column segment of the cascade and the next column segment.

Abstract: Soft soldering compositions posessing equal or better melting, wetting and strength properties than conventional straight tin-lead solders but with a reduced tin content are disclosed. The compositions consist of 1-35 wt % tin, 5-30 wt % cadmium 0.05-2.5 wt % antimony, balance essentially lead with 5-30 wt % cadmium, and/or 1-15 wt % bismuth. The solder alloys are characterized by their improved properties concerning solidification temperature gap, spread percentage, wetting time and shear strength. Specific compositions are disclosed having the necessary properties to successfully replace the tradional tin-lead solders containing 30, 40 and 50 wt % tin. The high temperature performance of bonds made with these new alloys are better because of their reduced tendency of intermetallic compounds formation with the substrate due to their lower tin content.

Abstract: A hydraulic-mechanical transmission for a heavy vehicle as shown in FIG. 5 includes a hydraulic variable-displacement pump (I) supplying fluid under pressure to two hydraulic, variable-displacement motors (II, III), controlled by valves (64, 65). It further includes a planetary gear (IV) enclosed in a casing (1) which can be driven by one of the motors (II) through a pinion (51) and an external ring gear (10). The second motor (III) can drive the casing (1) which latter is mounted direct on the motor shaft (40). A planet carrier (2) can be coupled to the casing (1) by a clutch (33) or is freely movable in the casing. A sun gear (31) is mounted on an output shaft (3), while the planet gears (20) engage with an internal gear (11) of the casing. Three speeds and torques are available by respectively driving the planetary gear by either motor or by both motors together and by alternately coupling the planet carrier to the casing or having it freely rotating by operation of the clutch.

Abstract: An optical apparatus and method for measuring the diffusion length in an insulating photoconductor or a semiconductor sample material, that includes a source of coherent light; means for splitting the light source and providing transmitted and reflected beams each having a variable light intensity, one of the transmitted and reflected beams being incident as a background beam at a location on the sample material, means for directing the other of the transmitted and reflected beams so as to be incident at the location as a probe beam, the directing apparatus establishing a predetermined angle between the background and probe beams at the location, polarizing means disposed in the path of the background beam and having one of two predetermined orientations corresponding to polarized and non-polarized states of the beam passing therethrough, means disposed in the path of the probe beam for periodically blocking the passage thereof; and means for measuring changes in the periodic photocurrent supplied by a power

Abstract: A novel optical system and method for coupling and mixing a plurality of beams which may originate from different optical sources and may be of different colors. There is provided deflection and steering of light beams with automatic (self-aligning) Bragg matching over a large beam deflection range which is not limited by the Brass condition. There is also provided a novel method of spatial light filtering and modulation, image color conversion, bidirectional beam interconnection for optical communication and combining and locking of laser sources.

Abstract: A surveying and mapping implement indicates the level differences of the ground over which it travels, in relation to the distance travelled. It comprises a carriage consisting of a swivelling front wheel, two center wheels attached to the outside of a U-shaped vertical frame, and two rear wheels connected to the U-shaped frame by means of a thill and a universal joint positioned co-extensive with the axis of the center wheels. The universal joint permits the rear wheels to move up and down and sideways, as well as to twist in relation to the center wheels. The wheel base between the center wheels and the front wheel is identical with that between the center wheels and the rear wheels, in order to facilitate calculations.

Abstract: A two-dimensional video data acquisition system comprising: video detector apparatus for scanning a visual scene; controller apparatus for generating scan pattern instructions; system interface apparatus for selecting at least one scan pattern for acquisition of video data from the visual scene, the scan pattern being selected from a plurality of such patterns in accordance with the scan pattern instructions; and scan-video interface apparatus comprising random scan driver apparatus for generating scan control signals in accordance with the selected scan pattern, the video detector apparatus scanning the visual scene in accordance with the scan control signals to provide an output to the system interface such that an intensity data map is stored therein, the controller apparatus performing data processing of the intensity data map in accordance with a predetermined set of video data characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for an emergent treatment of hypovolemic shock caused by loss of blood. According to the new method an elastic covering tube is applied onto the injured part of a patient's body, said tube possessing two main characteristics: (1) it is twisted along its horizontal axis as a rolled-up tube the end of which is rolled onto said body parts and (2) the material used for the elastic tube has to provide a pressure of between 100 to 400 mm Hg and to possess a critical elasticity coefficient. The critical elasticity coefficient being defined by a given formula which correlates the thickness of the material, unstretched radius and length of the tube, and length and radius of the injured part of the body to be covered.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of pure yeast chromatin for isolation of p20 polypeptide includes breaking yeast cells in a buffer solution and separating the released chromatin. The chromatin is purified through sucrose, solubilized by an enzymatic digestion and the supernatant solution is loaded on a linear sucrose gradient 5-30% in a buffer solution. The p20 polypeptide is extracted from the sucrose gradient fraction by a buffer solution comprising sodium chloride at a concentration in the range of 0.15-5 M and preferably in the range of 0.35 M to 2.0 M.

Abstract: Optical apparatus, particularly useful as an optical gyro for measuring rotation, comprises a light source, an optical system defining a closed-loop optical path, an optical-wave-mixer producing form the light source beam an oscillating beam in the closed-loop optical path, and a circuit for measuring the phase or frequency shift produced in the oscillating beam by the optical-wave-mixer resulting from the non-reciprocal or reciprocal phase-shift thereof. A mathematical analysis is set forth showing how the non-reciprocal phase-shift is related to the frequency shift, so that the frequency shift provides a measurement of the non-reciprocal phase-shift, which depends on the rotation of the closed-loop ring optical path, thereby enabling the apparatus to serve as an optical gyro.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for amplifying and/or generating electromagnetic wave radiation, a gas plasma region having a non-Maxwellian electron distribution is produced by effecting collisions between scattering particles in the gas with free electrons which have been accelerated to an energy level which is greater than that providing maximum probability of collision of the electrons with scattering particles in said gas; and the electromagnetic wave radiation is subjected to the plasma region such as to produce amplification of the radiation by stimulated emission of Bremstrahlung from scattered free electrons in the plasma region.

Abstract: Equipment for drilling a row of equidistant holes comprises a carriage attached to a tractor and two earth augers rotated about their axes by the tractor power-take-off through transmission means. The augers are fastened in opposite alignment to a horizontal axle which is mounted in bearings on the carriage and is rotated by one of the road wheels through a chain drive causing the two augers to rotate about the axle in a plane parallel to the direction of travel. The rotating augers enter the soil alternately and drill equidistant holes during progress of the tractor and the carriage.

Abstract: A device for attachment to an uprooting implement is designed for compacting plant residue into cylindrical or rope-like shape and to cut the compacted cylinder into short wafers. The device comprises four rollers in parallel alignment symmetrically positioned around a central space defining the compacted cylinder, and urged toward the central space by springs. The rollers are positioned with their axes in the direction of travel of the uprooting implement and all are rotated in the same sense of rotation. Each roller has a cylindrical rear portion and a frusto-conical front portion provided with a broadthreaded screw, the screws serving to press the plant residue into the space between the cylindrical roller portions. Conveyor means are provided for feeding the plants into the compacting device, and cutting means are provided to the rear of the rollers.

Abstract: A power-driven structure comprises a long grider (I) supported at its both ends by self-propelled carriages (II) which raise and lower the girder, the implement being designed for travel across planted fields or orchards without compacting the soil. Various implements, such as a cotton harvester (34), a potato picker (VIII) or a fruit collecting device may be suspended from, and propelled along, the girder (I). A mechanical conveyor (15) extends along the top of the girder, and a pneumatic conveyor system (13) is arranged underneath the mechanical conveyor. The pneumatic conveyor system is provided with spaced nozzles (40) for connection to flexible suction pipes (34).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a tenacious in-situ coating deposition of calcite on the inner surface of water pipes at very high rates. The calcite producing ingredients are supplied to the water stream in quantities supplementing concentrations available in the natural water used, giving the required supersaturation levels by addition of suitable salts to provide an aqueous lining solution supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate containing dissolved calcium and carbonate ions. The method consists in maintaining the suspended calcium carbonate particles concentrations in the lining solution below 300 ppm, the excess suspended particles being removed by physical means. The calcite coating deposition according to the present invention has the advantage that it occurs at the rate of above 5 microns/h and even above 50 microns/h, maintaining a completely corrosion-free system during the coating. The method is applicable to lead pipes, cement mortar linings or asbestos pipes.