Abstract: Methods and apparatus for operating an optical switch in response to in-band operation and management (OAM) signals. The switch monitors for presence or absence of light at its input ports. In response to new light being present after a period of absence, the switch directs the new light to an internal receiver, which obtains control information from the light. This control information indicates an output port which is to be optically coupled to the input port. The switch then reconfigures itself to perform such an optical coupling. If light becomes absent again at the input port, the process can repeat.

Abstract: This application provides a data transmission method, an apparatus, and a system, and is applied to the field of communication technologies. An apparatus, such as a terminal, receives first data of a first broadcast service from a first network device through a first broadcast session, and receives second data of the first broadcast service from a second network device through a first multicast session. The apparatus then determines final data of the first broadcast service based on the first data and the second data. Based on the method here, data of a broadcast service may be transmitted through a multicast session originally used to transmit data of a multicast service. This improves service experience for a user when the quality of a broadcast service provided by a broadcast base station is poor.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method, a network device, a storage medium, and a program product. In the communication method, a network device of a core network receives an access request from a non-3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)-technology-based access point, where the access request is used to enable a terminal device connected to the non-3GPP access point to access the core network. The network device performs authentication on the terminal device based on the access request; and if the network device determines that the authentication succeeds, the network device sends a connection identifier to a non-3GPP access device. The connection identifier is used to determine an L2 or L3 connection between the non-3GPP access point and the non-3GPP access device. The terminal device connected to the non-3GPP access point gains access to the core network without a non-3GPP access gateway.

Abstract: A method for selecting a cell in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) The method includes: user equipment queries whether there is first prestored information and determines a frequency for preferential searching based on the first prestored information. The user equipment then determines values of a first decision factor, a second decision factor, a first weighting coefficient, and a second weighting coefficient in a first decision criterion. The user equipment searches for a cell according to the determined first decision criterion and selects a cell with the largest value of the first decision criterion is largest to camp.

Abstract: First and second communication devices employ reference signals for channel estimation in a communication system. The reference signals are based on modulation sequences from a set of QA modulation sequences of length L?1. The set of QA modulation sequences includes Q subsets of modulation sequences, Q?1, where each subset of modulation sequences comprises A modulation sequences, A?1. A correlation between any two reference signals based on any two modulation sequences in a same subset of modulation sequences satisfies a first correlation criterion, and a correlation between any two reference signals based on any two modulation sequences in respective any two different subsets of modulation sequences satisfies a second correlation criterion.

Abstract: This application provides a positioning method and an apparatus. The method includes: A first communication apparatus obtains first information, where the first information includes time difference information and location information for sending and receiving reference signals by the first communication apparatus; the first communication apparatus receives second information from a second communication apparatus and third information from a third communication apparatus, where the second information includes time difference information and location information for sending and receiving reference signals by the second communication apparatus, and the third information includes time difference information for sending and receiving reference signals by the third communication apparatus; and the first communication apparatus positions the third communication apparatus based on the first information, the second information, and the third information.

Abstract: A DCS controller configured to control a digitally controllable scatterer, DCS, to simultaneously serve a subset of multiple receivers, where the DCS includes a plurality of scattering elements arranged on a scattering surface. The DCS controller is configured to determine a single-user codeword for each of the multiple receivers, where the single-user codeword defines a set of scattering elements of the scattering surface of the DCS for the respective receiver and a respective phase shift configuration for each scattering element in the set of scattering elements. The DCS controller is configured to determine a required signal gain for each of the multiple receivers and determine a subset of receivers based on the required signal gains. The DCS controller is configured to determine a subset of scattering elements of the scattering surface for each receiver in the subset of receivers and determine a multiple-user codeword based on the subsets.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus are provided. In the method, when a symbol length remains unchanged, different cyclic shift code lengths and different useful symbol lengths may be configured, for example, a first cyclic shift code length and a second cyclic shift code length that are different, and a first useful symbol length and a second useful symbol length that are different, to flexibly adjust a frame structure.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a two-phase heat sink (100) for cooling an electrical heat source (200). The two-phase heat sink (100) comprises a chamber (110) which is configured to receive a cooling fluid (F). For improved cooling and heat dissipation, the chamber (110) in its inner surface (112?) comprises a wick area (134) for converting the cooling fluid (F) from a liquid phase to a vapor phase. The wick area (134) and an attachment area (132) overlap with each other at least partly. Thereby, improved cooling is provided. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention also relate to a heat sink comprising two or more such two-phase heat sinks.

Abstract: The human-computer dialogue method includes: obtaining second historical dialogue data, current dialogue environment data, and second input dialogue data input by a user, determining a second semantic keyword based on the second historical dialogue data, the current dialogue environment data, and the second input dialogue data, and generating and outputting, based on the second semantic keyword and a preset-type knowledge base, second feedback dialogue data corresponding to the second input dialogue data, where the preset-type knowledge base includes: a knowledge graph, text knowledge, and external knowledge other than the knowledge graph and the text knowledge.

Abstract: This application discloses a display method for a foldable screen and an electronic device. The method includes: displaying a first group of service entries in a first dock bar when the electronic device detects that a foldable screen is in a folded state; and displaying a second group of service entries in a second dock bar when the electronic device detects that the foldable screen is in an unfolded state. A quantity of service entries in the second group of service entries is greater than a quantity of service entries in the first group of service entries. The first dock bar is a dock bar in a display area of the foldable screen in the folded state, and the second dock bar is a dock bar in a display area of the foldable screen in the unfolded state.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and a related apparatus, so that a first communication apparatus reports first performance indicator information to a second communication apparatus, thereby helping the second communication apparatus determine a nonlinear compensation status of first coefficient information for a power amplifier. This helps the second communication apparatus determine appropriate transmit power for the power amplifier, and improves linearity of a signal output by the second communication apparatus, thereby improving performance of the second communication apparatus. The method in embodiments of this application includes: A first communication apparatus receives a first signal from a second communication apparatus, where the first signal is a signal obtained by performing nonlinear compensation based on first coefficient information.

Abstract: A method of configuring a multiple Access Points (M-AP) set includes transmitting, by an access point (AP) initiating a new M-AP set, an information element including a plurality of octets. One of the plurality of octets indicates the presence of an extended capabilities octet of the plurality of octets. A bit of the extended capabilities octet indicates if an M-AP Coordinated Transmissions (CT) Basic Service Set (BSS) is enabled for this AP. A method of establishing a multiple Access Points (M-AP) set between APs includes transmitting, by a first AP, a first message advertising an M-AP Coordinated Transmission (CT) Basic Service Set (BSS), receiving, by the first AP, from a second AP, a second message advertising a second M-AP CT BSS, and initiate peering, in response to receiving the first message or the second message, used by an M-AP set including the first AP and the second AP.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method, apparatus, and system, to increase a data transmission rate of a terminal device using a DFT-S-OFDM waveform when a single uplink CC is used in a CA scenario. The communication method, apparatus, and system may be applied to a 5G system, a future communication system such as a 6G system, and other fields. The method includes: sending first indication information to the terminal device when a first condition is satisfied, and receiving data from the terminal device by using the DFT-S-OFDM waveform and a first modulation scheme. The first condition includes: There is one component carrier used by the terminal device to perform uplink data transmission in the carrier aggregation CA scenario. The CA scenario includes that CA is configured for uplink and/or CA is configured for downlink. The first indication information indicates to use the DFT-S-OFDM waveform and the first modulation scheme to perform uplink transmission.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for systems and methods for data signal multiplexing may be provided. According to an aspect a method for data signal multiplexing may be provided. The method includes interleaving, by a first 4-to-1 (4:1) multiplexer (MUX), a first set of four analog signals received from a first group of 4 Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) to generate a first interleaved analog output. The method may further include interleaving, by a second 4:1 MUX, a second set of four analog signals received from a second group of 4 DACs to generate a second interleaved analog output. Each of the first and the second interleaved analog output may be based on a first 8-unit interval (UI) window including four consecutive 2 UI windows. The method may further include interleaving, by a 2:1 MUX, the first interleaved analog output and the second interleaved analog output to generate a combined interleaved analog output.

Abstract: This application provides a charging/discharging circuit and an electronic device, and relates to the field of electronic technologies, to improve utilization of a switched capacitor circuit and reduce an area of the charging/discharging circuit. The charging/discharging circuit provided in this application includes a switched capacitor (SC) circuit, configured to charge/discharge a battery. The switched capacitor (SC) circuit includes a first end, configured to receive an input power supply voltage; a second end, configured to: provide a charging voltage for a battery in a charging process, and receive a discharging voltage released by the battery in a discharging process; and a third end, configured to provide an output voltage, where the output voltage is a direct current voltage or a pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. In the method, a first symbol set is introduced into a protocol data unit, to provide sufficient switching time for a Wi-Fi device to switch from a first running mode to a second running mode. This ensures data receiving performance of the Wi-Fi device. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system that supports 802.11 series protocols such as a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax like 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or an extremely high throughput (EHT), a next-generation protocol of 802.11be like Wi-Fi 8, and Wi-Fi AI; and is alternatively applied to a UWB-based wireless personal area network system, a sensing system, or the like.

Abstract: This application discloses an analog-to-digital (ADC) converter and a signal processing apparatus. In this solution, a low-power circuit in the ADC may control, based on a received indication signal, whether a first-stage sub-ADC in the ADC is to normally perform analog-to-digital conversion, so that a processing bit width of the ADC can be adjusted. When the processing bit width of the ADC is reduced, power consumption of the ADC is reduced accordingly. Therefore, this application provides a solution for reducing the power consumption of the ADC by adjusting the processing bit width of the ADC.

Abstract: A first node, a second node, and one or more third nodes for controlling a remote node via RDMA connection are provided. The first node is connected by RDMA connection to the second node and the third nodes, and the second node is connected by RDMA connection to the third nodes. The first node receives a read request for data from the second node, determines at which third node the data is available, and causes the third node to send the data to the second node. The third node is caused to send the data by receiving a RDMA write request or a send for a command from the first node. The third node sends the data by performing a RDMA write operation or a send operation in response to the command written by the first node directly to a send queue at the third node.

Abstract: A program detection method includes receiving a program provided by a user, and obtaining, based on a query parameter and the program, a result of the program running in a weak memory environment. The query parameter indicates a maximum interval between two operations on which reordering occurs and that are of the program.