Abstract: A method of providing fugitive gases to an engine air supply. An air filter is positioned on the engine intake of said engine. The air filter creates a negative pressure in the engine intake downstream of the air filter. A source of fugitive gases pass to the engine intake and are collected by the negative pressure downstream of the air filter.

Abstract: A step size controller may be used to control the rate of adaptation in an acoustic echo canceller. Step size control based on the values of adaptive coefficients (rather than, e.g., a fixed initial adaptation period) provides improved reliability and resistance to disruption. Accordingly, features are disclosed for controlling step size based on the values of adaptive coefficients.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, a key generation system (KGS) is used to generate private pairwise keys between peers belonging to a group. Each member of the group is provisioned with a set of parameters which allows each member to generate a key with any other member of the group; however, no group member can derive a key for pairings involving other group members. The private pairwise keys may be used to derive session keys between peers belonging to the group. Optionally, an epoch value may be employed to derive the private pairwise keys.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a memory cell having a first electrode, and an intermediate material over and directly against the first electrode. The intermediate material includes stabilizing species corresponding to one or both of carbon and boron. The memory cell also has a switching material over and directly against the intermediate material, an ion reservoir material over the switching material, and a second electrode over the ion reservoir material. Some embodiments include methods of forming memory cells.

Abstract: A deploy service is provided to determine a set of software artifacts that needs to be transmitted to a target machine upon receiving an application deployment request from a user of a client device. For instance, the deploy service may compare versions of software artifacts on the target machine with the software artifacts of the application that the user desires to deploy to determine the set of software artifacts that needs to be transmitted. Instead of having to transmit the entire application, some embodiments transmit only a small portion that is reflective of what has been changed between the old version of the application and the new version of the application. This enables the transfer of large files across the Internet to be more efficient.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of profiling a surface are disclosed. The method comprises projecting slit pattern light toward a target object in at least two directions in sequence to obtain pattern images reflected on the target object, obtaining heights by using the pattern images according to the directions, obtaining vector fields showing a direction of maximum variation of height, obtaining confidence indexes of the heights corresponding to the at least two directions, obtaining integrated vector fields by using the confidence indexes and the vector fields, and calculating height of each position of the target object by using the integrated vector fields. Therefore, accuracy is enhanced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the measurement of total organic carbon content in an aqueous stream is disclosed. Absorbance of electromagnetic energy by the aqueous stream is measured in an optical sample cell with pulsed light at a wavelength of 190 nm±10 nm. A value of total organic carbon from the measured absorbance is calculated without absorbance or fluorescence measurement at any other wavelength.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods associated with shaping codes for memory are provided. One example apparatus comprises an array of memory cells and a shaping component coupled to the array and configured to encode each of a number of received digit patterns according to a mapping of received digit patterns to shaping digit patterns. The mapping of received digit patterns to shaping digit patterns obeys a shaping constraint that limits, to an uppermost amount, an amount of consecutive digits of the shaping digit patterns allowed to have a particular digit value.

Abstract: A CPP-GMR spin valve having a composite spacer layer comprised of at least one metal (M) layer and at least one semiconductor or semi-metal (S) layer is disclosed. The composite spacer may have a M/S, S/M, M/S/M, S/M/S, M/S/M/S/M, or a multilayer (M/S/M)n configuration where n is an integer?1. The pinned layer preferably has an AP2/coupling/AP1 configuration wherein the AP2 portion is a FCC trilayer represented by CoZFe(100-Z)/FeYCo(100-Y)/CoZFe(100-Z) where y is 0 to 60 atomic %, and z is 75 to 100 atomic %. In one embodiment, M is Cu with a thickness from 0.5 to 50 Angstroms and S is ZnO with a thickness of 1 to 50 Angstroms. The S layer may be doped with one or more elements. The dR/R ratio of the spin valve is increased to 10% or greater while maintaining acceptable EM and RA performance.

Abstract: A wide dynamic range charger module is configured to couple a variable power source such as a photovoltaic cell to a load. The module determines a maximum power point (MPPT) of the power source and based at least in part upon that MPPT selects one of a plurality of power converters to provide power to the load. The selection is such that the selected power converter is operating within its operating regime. The selected power converter may further be configured to a pre-determined input admittance which corresponds to the power source.

Abstract: A device including a processor to perform an operation yielding a result, the processor including a register including bit storage elements and including a first and second section, each element being operative to store a bit value, and a power consumption mask module to determine whether the whole result can be completely written in half or less than half of the register, determine a balancing entry if the result can be completely written in half or less than half of the register, a write module to perform a single write operation to the register including writing the result and the balancing entry to the first and second section, respectively, if the result can be completely written in half or less than half of the register else writing the result of the operation across at least part of the first and second section. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are a flip-chip carrier having individual pad masks (IPMs) and a fabricating method of a MPS-C2 package utilized from the same. The flip-chip carrier primarily comprises a substrate and a plurality of the IPMs. The substrate has a top surface and a plurality of connecting pads on the top surface. The IPMs cover the corresponding connecting pads in one-on-one alignment where each IPM consists of a photo-sensitive adhesive layer on the corresponding connecting pad and a pick-and-place body pervious to light formed on the photo-sensitive adhesive layer. After the photo-sensitive adhesive layers are irradiated by light penetrating through the pick-and-place bodies, the pick-and-place bodies can be pulled out by a pick-and-place process to expose the connecting pads from an encapsulant. The issues of solder bridging and package warpage can easily be solved in conventional MPS-C2 packages.

Abstract: An LED die comprises a substrate and an epitaxial layer formed thereon. The epitaxial layer comprises a first n-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a p-type semiconductor layer grown on the substrate in sequence. The LED die defines a receiving recess formed in a center of a top face of the p-type semiconductor layer. The receiving recess extends through the p-type semiconductor layer, the active layer and into the n-type semiconductor layer along a top-to-bottom direction of the epitaxial layer. A pair of p-pads are located at two opposite sides of the p-type semiconductor layer, respectively. A first n-pad is received in the receiving recess and located on the n-type layer.

Abstract: A generalized network controller in a software defined network (SDN), controlling a network with mixed switches based on different and even incompatible OpenFlow (OF) standard versions, comprising a first transceiver connected to a first OF switch comprising a first OF standard version configured to receive messages from the first OF switch and to transmit messages to the first OF switch; a second transceiver connected to a second OF switch comprising a second OF standard version configured to receive messages from the second OF switch and to transmit messages to the second OF switch, wherein the first OF standard version is different from the second OF standard version, and wherein the first OF standard version is incompatible with the second OF standard version; and a processor coupled to the first and second transceivers and configured to control the first and the second OF switches.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a digital subscriber line (DSL) transmitter configured to transmit a discrete multi-tone (DMT) superframe comprising a sync frame and a data frame, wherein a time duration of the superframe is equal to at least a sum of a time duration of the sync frame and twice a time duration of the data frame, and turn off at least a portion of the DSL transmitter for a portion of the time duration of the superframe, wherein the portion of the time duration is no shorter than the duration of the data frame.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a capable node in a low power and lossy network (LLN) may monitor the authentication time for one or more nodes in the LLN. The capable node may dynamically correlate the authentication time with the location of the one or more nodes in the LLN in order to identify one or more authentication-delayed nodes. The node may then select, based on the location of the one or more authentication-delayed nodes, one or more key-delegation nodes to receive one or more network keys so that the key-delegation nodes may perform localized authentication of one or more of the authentication-delayed nodes. The capable node may then distribute the one or more network keys to the one or more key-delegation nodes.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for retrieving and storing industrial data, the system comprising a data retriever that includes a data retrieval manager and one or more watchers for monitoring data associated with one or more industrial devices, wherein if the data associated with the one or more industrial devices is new or modified, the one or more watchers notifies the data retrieval manager thereof and the data retrieval manager uploads the new or modified data. The system further includes a database manager for receiving the new or modified data in a first form from the data retrieval manager and for storing the new or modified data in a structural data form in one or more databases.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method for device fabrication by reverse pitch reduction flow include forming a first pattern of features above a substrate and forming a second pattern of pitch-multiplied spacers subsequent to forming the first pattern of features. In embodiments of the invention the first pattern of features may be formed by photolithography and the second pattern of pitch-multiplied spacers may be formed by pitch multiplication. Other methods for device fabrication are provided.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling dissolved oxygen levels in a secondary treatment system of a wastewater treatment facility that can employ a membrane bioreactor in which oxygen introduction into mixed liquor is controlled to prevent bulking and minimize generation of extra cellular polymeric substances. The control is exercised by insuring that dissolved oxygen levels within the mixed liquor do not fall below a minimum system level at which microorganism stress would occur. This is done by setting a minimum dissolved oxygen level control point equal to a sum of the minimum system level and an adjustment factor determined on the basis of oxygen uptake rate and time delays inherent in sensing oxygen levels and changes thereof within the mixed liquor. The minimum system dissolved oxygen level can be continually calculated on the basis of an inferred food to mass ratio that would vary with sensed mixed liquor suspended solids.