Abstract: According to various embodiments, systems and methods for determining carbon dioxide detection in arthropods. An embodiment may include determining at least one resonant frequency of an arthropod sensory organ and an absorption spectrum of at least one odorant. A frequency filter may be applied to the absorption spectrum to eliminate frequencies below a given intensity value. Of the frequencies remaining from the absorption spectrum, those frequencies corresponding to relative peaks in absorption intensity may be selected. An olfactory chord including a group of the selected frequencies corresponding to the relative peaks in absorption intensity with at least one specific frequency that matches the at least one resonant frequency of the arthropod sensory organ. Additionally, at least one radiation source may be configured to emit electromagnetic radiation corresponding to the olfactory chord.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, systems and methods for determining carbon dioxide detection in arthropods. An embodiment may include determining at least one resonant frequency of an arthropod sensory organ and an absorption spectrum of at least one odorant. A frequency filter may be applied to the absorption spectrum to eliminate frequencies below a given intensity value. Of the frequencies remaining from the absorption spectrum, those frequencies corresponding to relative peaks in absorption intensity may be selected. An olfactory chord including a group of the selected frequencies corresponding to the relative peaks in absorption intensity with at least one specific frequency that matches the at least one resonant frequency of the arthropod sensory organ. Additionally, at least one radiation source may be configured to emit electromagnetic radiation corresponding to the olfactory chord.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: A method of creating a torroidal type convection vortex in a predetermined region of a liquid to perform mixing and pumping is disclosed. This method comprises the local application of a source of energy to a predetermined region of the liquid, which absorbs the energy and produces a temperature gradient sufficient to create a stable, pulsed, or unstable torroidal type vortex in the liquid. Preferably the liquid utilized is an aqueous solution and the source of energy locally applied to the aqueous solution is millimeter wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. By taking advantage of the creation of a torroidal type convection vortex, this method can be utilized to create a fluid mixer or a fluid pump.