Abstract: Manners of sealing for use with slip joint apparatuses are provided that includes a first surface which is arranged to contact a surface of an item in use, and one or more side wall surfaces extending away from the first surface. The first surface and/or said one or more side wall surfaces are arranged so as to allow a degree of pivotable and/or angular movement of at least the first surface of the sealing with respect to the item surface with which it contacts in use.

Abstract: A clamp apparatus including band means which is annular or substantially annular in form. The band means has two opposing ends and protruding means are provided to protrude outwardly of the band means at each of the opposing ends. At least one of said protruding means is integrally formed with the band means.

Abstract: Clamping apparatus is provided including clamp means for clamping two or more items together in use. The clamping means are arranged to move between a clamped and an unclamped position in use. Attachment means are provided on or associated with the clamping means for attaching one or more components to said clamping means in use. The components consist of any or any combination of one or more sensor means, one or more dispensing means or one or more electronic components. The clamping means includes at least one band member. The at least one band member forms an outer band and the attachment means are provided on or associated with at least an additional band member in the form of an inner band or segment that is provided with or associated with the outer band.

Abstract: Clamping means are provided which include a substantially annular outer clamping member having two substantially opposite free ends and engagement means provided on or associated with said two opposite free ends to allow the diameter of the outer clamping member and/or distance between the two free ends to be adjusted and/or maintained in a required position in use. The clamping means includes at least one substantially annular inner clamping member that is located substantially within the annular outer clamping member.