Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention described herein, discloses a method and system for managing a communication network using any loop avoidance or mitigation technology. The restoration of network under fault, or sub-optimal network condition, maintenance and improvement of network connectivity and network behaviour is based upon GET and POST commands. In one embodiment of the present invention, the restoration mechanism is used to maintain or improve network connectivity and network behaviour or function upon receipt of command from management plane or control plane to build optimal network condition (e.g: minimum hops, maximum bandwidth, etc.) for data traffic, within a communication network of any topology.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to transmission of information across a communication channel efficiently and without error. The present disclosure also enables transmission of information across a communication channel such that the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is one (zero in decibels). The present disclosure also enables transmission of information across a communication channel such that the information transmitted is present only along a finite number of orthogonal frequencies. The present disclosure also combines advantages of both Single-carrier Transmission (SCT) and Multi-Carrier Transmission (MCT) systems (e.g. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems).

Abstract: A method and system of bearer management signalling in a communication network comprising of transporting bearer resource request message of both the UE and RN via DeNB to managing entity of UE within EPC, as a signalling message over uplink channel referred to as “Union of Resource Request” (UR Request)' message. The bearer resource response message from one of the managing entity of UE or managing entities of UE and RN within EPC are transported as a signalling message to Evolved Packet Edge (EPE) via DeNB over the downlink channel referred to as “Independent Admission Response” (IA Response). This manages bearer setup signalling as a single loop, by transportation of “UR Request” signalling message over uplink and receiving one “IA Response” signalling message over downlink channels. EPE is a conglomeration of network nodes comprising of UEs, RNs and all other network nodes that communicate over EPC via DeNB.

Abstract: Intersection signaling method for bearer management in a communication network with transporting bearer resource request message of both the UE and RN via Base station to managing entity of RN within EPC, as a signaling message over uplink channel referred to as ‘Union of Resource Request (UR Request)’ message. The bearer resource response message from one of the managing entity of UE or managing entities of UE and RN within EPC are transported as a signaling message to Evolved Packet Edge (EPE) via Base station over the downlink channel referred to as ‘Intersection of Admission Response (IA Response)’. This manages bearer setup signaling as a single loop, by transportation of ‘UR Request’ signaling message and receiving one “IA Response” signaling message over uplink and downlink channels respectively. EPE is a conglomeration of network nodes.

Abstract: Independent signalling method for bearer management in a communication network with transporting bearer resource request message of both the UE and RN via Base station to managing entity of RN within EPC, as a signalling message over uplink channel referred to as ‘Union of Resource Request (UR Request)’ message. The bearer resource response message referred to as ‘Independent Admission Response (IA Response)’ from one of the management entity of EPE or management entities of UE and RN within EPC are transported as a signalling message to Evolved Packet Edge (EPE) via Base station over the downlink channel. This manages bearer setup signalling as a single loop, by transportation of ‘UR Request’ signalling message and receiving one “Independent Admission Response” signalling message over uplink and downlink channels respectively. EPE is a conglomeration of network nodes comprising of UEs, RNs and all other network nodes that communicate over EPC via Base station.

Abstract: The present invention and its embodiments are made to provide for dynamic hitless resizing in optical transport network without any identification of matching time slots by the Network Management System (NMS) or any control plane signaling including Generalised Multi Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS). An aspect of the invention provides for a method of hitless ODUflex connection resizing in an optical transport network by incrementing or decrementing the ODUflex connection between the nodes, based on an indication command given to a source node for bandwidth increase or decrease, by identifying and matching at least one time slot through Link Connection Resizing (LCR) protocol message exchanges. Another aspect of the invention provides for a method of hitless ODUflex connection resizing in an optical transport network by decrementing the matching time slot used for the incrementing operation, in case of unsuccessful incrementing operation between nodes.

Abstract: Implicit signalling method for bearer management in a communication network with transporting bearer resource request message of both the UE and RN via Base station to managing entity of RN within EPC, as a signalling message over uplink channel referred to as ‘Union of Resource Request (UR Request)’ message. The bearer resource response message referred to as ‘Implicit Admission Response (IA Response)’ from one of the management entity of UE or management entities of UE and RN within EPC are transported as a signalling message to Evolved Packet Edge (EPE) via Base station over the downlink channel. This manages bearer setup signalling as a single loop, by transportation of ‘UR Request’ signalling message and receiving one “IA Response” signalling message over uplink and downlink channels respectively. EPE is a conglomeration of network nodes made of UEs, RNs and all other network nodes that communicate over EPC via Base station.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system for multiplexing the low frequency signals from at least one clock transmitter to at least one clock receiver to reduce interface count. The low frequency signals are multiplexed in a CLKMUX logic using selection signals. The selection signals are generated using system frame and system clocks. The multiplexed clock is received by the CLKDEMUX logic through an interface. The interface can be backplane connectors, PCB traces and cables. The CLKDEMUX logic de-multiplexes the received clock and transmits to the SELECT LOGIC for selecting at least one low frequency clock. The SELECT LOGIC selects at least one low frequency clock based on the signals from a processor. The jitter attenuator filters jitter in the low frequency clock and the CLOCK SINK distributes system clocks to rest of system elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to transmission of information across a communication channel efficiently and without error. The present disclosure also enables transmission of information across a communication channel such that the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is one (zero in decibels). The present disclosure also enables transmission of information across a communication channel such that the information transmitted is present only along a finite number of orthogonal frequencies. The present disclosure also combines advantages of both Single-carrier Transmission (SCT) and Multi-Carrier Transmission (MCT) systems (e.g. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems).

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure aim at providing three orthogonal waveforms that can be used for transmitting 3n bits (n bits from each waveform) at a given frequency. Such three orthogonal waveforms can be used in applications such as QAM to create a 3-dimensional QAM, along with use in other like applications such as in Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), among others. In an aspect, a method of the present disclosure includes a step of generating three orthogonal waveforms as cos(?)+k, cos(?+2?/3)+k, and cos(?+4?/3)+k, where k is the DC component and can have a value of 0.5 volts, and ?=2 ?ft with f being the (baseband or passband) frequency=1/T, with T being Time Period, and t being time. Cosine waveforms can be equivalently replaced by sine waveform separated by 120 degrees.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure aim at providing three pseudo-orthogonal waveforms that can be used for transmitting 3n bits (n bits over each waveform) at a given frequency. Use of such three pseudo-orthogonal waveforms can be used in applications such as QAM to create a 3-dimensional QAM, along with use in other like applications such as in Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), among others. The three pseudo-orthogonal waveforms can in general be used in any application where complex number algebra is used, and can help increase transmission capacity by additional 50%.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure aim at providing a channel encoder configured to implement a temporally spreading coding scheme, wherein each bit of duration ‘T’ from a block of k bits is spread in time domain to ‘k times T’ i.e., k*T duration by means of one or more orthogonal codes. In an aspect, orthogonal codes of the present disclosure can be constituted from a sequence of discrete or digital values such that spreading (using convolution operation) and dispreading or concentrating or reconstruction (using de-convolution operation) of transmitted bit is unique and deterministic. Discrete values could be from Gaussian waveform or truncated Gaussian waveform. Digital values could be 1 (one) and 0 (zero).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a Zero traffic hit synchronization switch over technique in a telecommunication network. The switch over is carried out by switching input reference of the receiver from one or more master (1) to at least one slave (2), wherein said slave (2) becomes new master (2) and said one or more master (1) becomes new slave (1) after switching. Now, the new master (2) locks to the new slave (1) for predetermined time period. Once the predetermined is elapsed, the new master (2) is disconnected from the new slave (1), wherein said new master (2) selects its own network reference clock upon disconnection of the new slave (1). The new slave (1) is locked to the new master (2) to synchronize the switchover in redundant systems.

Abstract: The embodiments herein provide a method and system for extending battery power at cell sites. The method for extending battery power at cell sites comprises providing a combination of a valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery and a Li-ION battery, mixing cell chemistry of the VRLA battery and the Li-ION battery and charging the VRLA-Li-ION battery combination with a single charger circuit. The method further comprises providing a rectifier to both the VRLA battery and the Li-ION battery and activating each battery based on the available power. The Li-ION battery and the VRLA battery are the primary battery and secondary battery. The charging current through the VRLA battery is regulated by varying a pulse width of a high current switch based on the current read through the current sensor attached to a VRLA current path.

Abstract: A method for protection of data traffic transmitted over 2-fiber shared protection ring on STM-1/OC-3 interface is provided. Also, the method involves carrying extra traffic in a ring topology for STM-1/OC-3 interface. This is achieved by fixing the granularity to one of ‘VC12/VC11/VC3/VC12-VC3/VC11-VC3’ for the STM-1 interface and to one of ‘VT2/VT1.5/STS-1’ for the OC-3 interface upfront when the protection is configured on the network element.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a method and system for enhancing management channels. The method comprises operating TDM (Time Division Multiplex) clock frequency at a predefined rate higher than operating frequency based on available management channels. Transmitting data on the management channels using the TDM slots of a TDM based controller at a higher frequency rate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure are related to routing or switching data of a customer network over a provider's network in Provider Backbone Bridge (PBB) to another customer network such that the traffic in the communication channel between the two customer networks is reduced and thus prevents packet loss. The architecture model for routing or switching data of a customer network over a provider's network is a B-component bridge used in backbone networks which performs ?n1 data path protection to prevent packet loss, data aggregation for load sharing, TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) to Ethernet Circuit Emulation.

Abstract: This invention is related to a method for Fast Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) of a service-network in the realm of Carrier Ethernet, comprises steps of: learning spanning tree topology of the service-network, exchanging Fast Connectivity Check Messages (Fast-CCM)s between the adjacent service-nodes of the tree, terminating the Fast-CCMs so received, to learn the fault, in the service-network, upon failure to receive a Fast-CCM through a service-port, and pro-actively notifying the fault by service nodes on either side of the faulty service-network.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of configuring end-to-end ODUj (lower order ODU) network trails across OTN (Optical Transport Network), in which the tributary port number (TPN) of the lower order ODUj inside higher order ODUk is specified. The time-slot value associated with the TPN is not to be specified by the user. The time-slots are dynamically allocated on the transmit side. On the receive side, there would be a capability in the ODUk adaptation sink function to find the set of time-slots associated with the TPN based on the received multiplex structure identifier (MSI). That is for an ODUj entity with a fixed TPN, the transmitted time-slots can change and the receive end can detect this change and based on that de-multiplex the ODUj from the ODUk.

Abstract: The embodiments herein provide a method and system for extending battery power at cell sites. The method for extending battery power at cell sites comprises providing a combination of a valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery and a Li-ION battery, mixing cell chemistry of the VRLA battery and the Li-ION battery and charging the VRLA-Li-ION battery combination with a single charger circuit. The method further comprises providing a rectifier to both the VRLA battery and the Li-ION battery and activating each battery based on the available power. The Li-ION battery and the VRLA battery are the primary battery and secondary battery. The charging current through the VRLA battery is regulated by varying a pulse width of a high current switch based on the current read through the current sensor attached to a VRLA current path.