Abstract: There is provided detecting modification of optically active cellulose-based film. A method comprises split refracting or split reflecting light received by a surface pattern of an optically active cellulose-based film into a plurality of output light patterns, wherein an output light pattern is determined from the plurality of output light patterns on the basis of a modification applied to the optically active cellulose-based film.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from plastic containing material, wherein the plastic containing material (1) is subjected into a pyrolysis reactor (2), steam (3) is fed into the pyrolysis reactor, and the plastic containing material is pyrolyzed with the steam by using a catalytic pyrolysis with a basic catalyst to convert the plastic containing material to a product (4) comprising hydrocarbons. Further, the invention relates to the use of the product obtained by the method.

Abstract: A polarizing device includes: a first waveguide to guide input light, a second waveguide to guide TE-polarized light, wherein the second waveguide includes a tapered input portion to polarization-selectively couple TE-polarized light from the first waveguide to the second waveguide, wherein the tapered input portion symmetrically overlaps the first waveguide, and the thickness of the tapered input portion has been selected to substantially prevent coupling of TM-polarized light from the first waveguide to the second waveguide, wherein the refractive index of the second waveguide is higher than the refractive index of the first waveguide.

Abstract: A method for providing an electric waveform at a cryogenic temperatures includes providing an optical signal, which comprises an optical waveform, guiding the optical signal into a cryogenic chamber, and converting the optical waveform of the optical signal into an electric waveform inside the cryogenic chamber.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna element for an antenna array, comprising, a transmission line and an antenna, wherein one end of the transmission line is coupled to a base board of the antenna array and another end of the transmission line is coupled to the antenna, and a first part of the transmission line is bent about 90 degrees compared to a second part of the transmission line, and the transmission line and the antenna are on, or in, a single flexible film.

Abstract: A system for providing stealthy vision, includes a source element providing electromagnetic radiation at a predetermined wavelength to illuminate a target; and a camera imaging the target to be illuminated; wherein the source element provides electromagnetic radiation including shortwave infrared light; and wherein the predetermined wavelength includes a wavelength in the near infrared spectrum wherein the absorption features of an atom or a molecule present in the medium where the electromagnetic radiation propagates form a continuum, that is a wavelength region wherein two or more narrow absorption lines are close enough to each other that they effectively form a single absorption area with a width greater than that of a single absorption line so that the range of the electromagnetic radiation in the medium is limited for all wavelengths within the continuum; wherein the region corresponds to a wavelength range centered at about 1382.8 nm, 1388.1 nm or 1392.4 nm.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of molar mass controlled cellulose in injection molding, extrusion and three dimensional printing applications.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the dissolution of cellulose using an enzymatic treatment, followed by a chemical dissolution. Particularly, the invention relates to the utilization of oxidizing enzymes for said enzyme treatment step. The process of the invention will cause an improved dissolution of high molar mass cellulose fibres. The improved dissolution properties also cause an improved reactivity of the cellulose in subsequent reactions.

Abstract: An apparatus for spectral imaging comprises: an illuminating unit to illuminate a linear region of an object with a linear pattern formed from a narrowband light pulse, a line scan camera to capture an image of the illuminated linear region, wherein the illuminating unit comprises: a light source to generate broadband light pulses, a tunable Fabry-Perot interferometer to form the narrowband light pulse by filtering a broadband light pulse, beam-shaping optics to form the linear pattern from the narrowband light pulse, the wavelength of the linear pattern being determined by the mirror gap of the Fabry-Perot interferometer, wherein the apparatus is arranged to change the mirror gap of the Fabry-Perot interferometer.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wafer level package for a device, the package comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate, a sealing structure comprising a seal ring and a bonding layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a lateral electrical connection line on a surface of the first substrate, which lateral electrical connection line extends through the seal ring for creating an electrical connection between the device inside the package and an electrical circuit outside the package.

Abstract: A Fabry-Perot interferometer includes a first mirror plate with a first semi-transparent mirror, a second semi-transparent mirror to define an optical cavity together with the first mirror, and one or more first supporting elements to support the first mirror plate, wherein the first mirror plate has a first substantially planar surface and a second substantially planar surface defining the maximum thickness of the first mirror plate, wherein the first mirror plate is bonded to the one or more first supporting elements by three or more joints, wherein each joint is bonded to the first mirror plate at a bonding region, wherein the distance between each bonding region and the first substantially planar surface is greater than 30% of the thickness of the mirror plate, and the distance between each bonding region and the second substantially planar surface is greater than 30% of the thickness of the mirror plate.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising a microelectromechanical, MEMS, capacitor comprising two plates and a gap between the plates, a gas conveyor configured to cause gas to flow through the gap, and readout circuitry configured to measure a capacitance of the MEMS capacitor.

Abstract: Method for calibrating a spectral imaging device comprises forming first calibration light by illuminating a first calibration region of a calibration sample with illuminating light, forming second calibration light by illuminating a second calibration region of the calibration sample with the illuminating light, measuring a first spectrum of the first calibration light by using the spectral imaging device, measuring a second spectrum of the second calibration light by using the spectral imaging device, and determining or verifying a spectral calibration function of the spectral imaging device by comparing the measured spectra with reference spectra. The spectral calibration function specifies a relation, which associates values of a control parameter with actual spectral positions. The first calibration light has a first spectral peak at a first peak wavelength, and the second calibration light has a second spectral peak at a second peak wavelength.

Abstract: A method of selectively catalytically oxidizing dinitrogen oxide present in a gaseous sample, comprising: heating a NiO catalyst to a temperature of at least 250° C.; and bringing the gaseous sample into contact with the heated NiO catalyst to oxidize dinitrogen oxide of the gaseous sample in the presence of the heated NiO catalyst.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rapid, economically feasible method for producing continuous films with excellent properties using nanocellulose suspensions at high consistency.

Abstract: The invention relates to an acoustically coupled thin-film BAW filter, comprising a piezoelectric layer, an input-port on the piezoelectric layer changing electrical signal into an acoustic wave (SAW, BAW), and an output-port on the piezoelectric layer changing acoustic signal into electrical signal. In accordance with the invention the ports include electrodes positioned close to each other, and the filter is designed to operate in first order thickness-extensional TE1 mode.

Abstract: An ultrasound sensor apparatus comprises at least one ultrasound transmitter, which outputs ultrasound into fluid, and a frequency controller, which receives information on temperature of the fluid and controls the frequency of the ultrasound output by the at least one ultrasound transmitter as a function of the temperature of the fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna stack comprising a ground plane and a plurality of antenna layers for separate operating frequency bands, the antenna stack comprising i) an antenna on one antenna layer and at least one antenna array on at least one different antenna layer or ii) at least two antenna arrays, each on a different antenna layer. Each individual antenna layer comprises an antenna or an antenna array that operates on a frequency band that is specific to the respective antenna layer and different from frequency band or bands of other antenna layer or layers. The antenna layer comprises antenna elements manufactured by patterning conductor material on a respective flexible and/or bendable sheet of insulating material. Antenna elements on the respective antenna layer is a circularly polarized crossed dipole antenna element or a crossed dipole antenna element that is electrically configurable into circularly polarized or linearly polarized configuration.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating raw material in a fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two bed materials are provided. The second bed material is subjected into a lower part of the fluidized bed reactor that includes first the bed material having electroconductive material. A fluidizing agent is fed to a bottom of the fluidized bed reactor, and the fluidizing agent flows through the lower part of the reactor to an upper part of the fluidized bed reactor. The first bed material is inductively heated and heat is transferred from the first bed material to the fluidizing agent and/or to the second bed material in the lower part of the reactor. The heated second bed material is fluidized by the fluidizing agent to the upper part of reactor. The raw material is fed to the upper part of the reactor where the raw material is treated.

Abstract: A hybrid millimeter-wave Wilkinson divider comprises an input port (1), a first output port (2), a second output port (3), and transmission lines connecting the input port (1) to the first and second output ports (2, 3) implemented by transmission lines in a carrier substrate (PCB, 31). An isolation resistor of the Wilkinson divider connected between the first and second output ports (2, 3) is integrated in a monolithic micro-wave integrated circuit (MMIC) chip (40) installed on the carrier substrate. On the MMIC chip the isolation resistor is connected between RF input metal pads. A compensation circuit for parasitic capacitances caused by the RF input metal pads is provided on the MMIC chip (40) so that the on-chip resistor appears as a pure resistance to the output ports (2, 3) of the Wilkinson divider on the carrier substrate (PCB, 31).