Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus and a method comprising a forming section for feeding an aqueous furnish of fibres on a moving surface to form a shape of a product and a pressing and heating section for removing water from the shaped product received from the moving surface. The pressing and heating section comprises a felt and metal belt that are set to run against each other for receiving the furnish from the moving surface and heating elements for heating the web in at least two pulses including at least one first pulse wherein the product is pressed for at least 10-200 ms on a first pressure and at least one second heating and smoothing pulse wherein the product is heated at least for 10-200 ms on a pressure that is higher than the first pressure, and at least one of the surfaces pressing the product being the smooth metal belt.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a micromechanical resonator comprising a resonator element (40) having a length (l1) and a width (w1) that is perpendicular to the length. The resonator element has a length-to-width aspect ratio in a range of 1.8 to 2.2. The resonator element is suspended to a support structure with two or more anchors (41, 43). Each of the two or more anchors is attached to a first location or a second location. The first location is at a shorter side (42) of the resonator element. The first location divides the width (w1) of the resonator element into a larger portion (w3) and a smaller portion (w2) such that a ratio between said smaller portion (w2) and the whole width (w1) is in a range of 0.10 to 0.28. The second location is at a longer side (44). The second location divides the length (l1) of the resonator element into a larger portion (l3) and a smaller portion (l2) such that a ratio between said smaller portion (l2) and the whole length (l1) is in a range of 0.36 to 0.48.

Abstract: In an aspect, an apparatus for distribution of frequency reference to a receiving end over a transmission medium comprises a first mixer adapted to mix a frequency reference signal having a reference frequency with a local oscillator signal having a local oscillator frequency to provide a forward frequency reference signal, a communication section adapted to transmit the forward frequency reference signal and receive a first backward frequency reference signal, a second mixer adapted to mix the first backward frequency reference signal with the local oscillator signal to provide a second backward frequency reference signal and a phase comparator and control circuit adapted to adjust the local oscillator frequency based on a phase shift of the second backward frequency reference signal so as to compensate for a phase shift of the forward frequency reference signal.

Abstract: A superconducting junction comprises: a first layer and a second layer of superconducting material; a tunneling layer of insulating material disposed between the first layer and the second layer of the superconducting material; and a layer of thermally conducting, non-superconducting material disposed between the first layer and the second layer of the superconducting material, the non-superconducting layer being in contact with either the first layer or the second layer of superconducting material.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing reactive lignin from an alkaline lignin containing stream, such as black liquor, e.g. kraft lignin, by using thermal treatment with temperatures between 200 and 250° C. for simultaneous activation (for example by demethylation and/or demethoxylation) and precipitation of the lignin.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing films from nanocellulose based raw materials having high consistency and thereby providing low energy consuming and feasible manufacturing process of CNF films and film materials.

Abstract: A limited range source of electromagnetic radiation and a radiation method, includes a tunable source of electromagnetic radiation; and a control element configured to tune the wavelength of the source of electromagnetic radiation to a desired wavelength corresponding to an absorption line of an atom or a molecule or other species present in the medium through which the electromagnetic radiation is to propagate; wherein the control element is configured to receive data relating to the desired wavelength.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for gasifying raw material. The method includes feeding the raw material into an upper part of a fixed-bed gasifier, introducing the raw material from the upper part of the gasifier to a pyrolysis zone of the gasifier to form the fixed-bed and pyrolyzing the raw material in the presence of pyrolysis air to form a pyrolysis product. Introducing the pyrolysis product from the pyrolysis zone to a lower part of the gasifier, introducing primary air countercurrently to the lower part, carrying out a final gasification in a lower part of the gasifier in order to form a gasified gas. Introducing the gasified gas to a catalytic oxidation part and through a catalyst layer of the catalytic oxidation part, and reforming the gasified gas by way of the catalytic oxidation in the presence of reforming air in the catalytic oxidation part, forming a gaseous product.

Abstract: The present publication discloses a micromechanical structure including at least one active element, the micromechanical structure comprising a substrate, at least one layer formed on the substrate forming the at least part of the at least one active element, mechanical contact areas through which the micromechanical structure can be connected to other structures like printed circuit boards and like. In accordance with the invention the micromechanical structure includes weakenings like trenches around the mechanical contact areas for eliminating the thermal mismatch between the active element of the micromechanical structure and the other structures.

Abstract: A thermoelectric device (1) comprising a frame (2), a membrane (3) made of thermoelectric material, and an element (4) for absorbing or releasing energy. The element (4) is supported to the frame (2) solely by the membrane (3).

Abstract: The invention concerns a lateral flow device, system, kit and method for analyzing a fluid sample. The device comprises a support structure, a flow channel formed in the support structure, and an injection zone in fluidic connection with the flow channel for introducing the fluid sample into the flow channel. According to the invention the flow channel comprises at least two indicator zones at least one of which is capable of producing an optically detectable response signal when interacting with the fluid sample, and the indicator zones are arranged at least partly adjacent to each other on different sections of the flow channel. The invention allows for low-cost imaging devices, such as cameras of mobile phones to be used for making challenging lateral flow diagnostics on a variety of fields of technology.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthesis method for producing furoic acid from a monoacid containing five carbons in the presence of pressure, heat, solvent and catalyst.

Abstract: A method for determining the position of an object includes: using a projector to project a marker pattern to a projection zone such that a first marker feature of the marker pattern is projected on a first surface portion, using a camera to capture an image of a viewing zone which at least partly overlaps the projection zone, and determining the position of said first surface portion by analyzing the captured image, wherein the viewing zone surrounds the camera, and the image of the viewing zone is captured by forming an annular image of the viewing zone on an image sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous roll-to-roll process for improving the water tolerance of bio-based polymers, in particular cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) films. Furthermore, the invention provides a method, which combines surface modification/functionalization for improving water stability and wet strength, UV/Ozone treatment, corona treatment or plasma activation for purifying and activating the surface and thus increasing the reaction efficiency, and further hydrophobization of the surface of CNF film.

Abstract: The invention relates to an acoustically coupled thin-film BAW filter, comprising a piezoelectric layer, an input-port on the piezoelectric layer changing electrical signal into an acoustic wave (SAW, BAW), and an output-port on the piezoelectric layer changing acoustic signal into electrical signal. In accordance with the invention the ports include electrodes positioned close to each other, and the filter is designed to operate in first order thickness-extensional TE1 mode.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a multi-material component, including manufacturing a part with at least one internal channel and/or cavity open to an outer surface of the part with additive manufacturing method, such as selective laser melting, from a first material, filling after manufacturing the part from the first material, the at least one channel and/or cavity in the part with at least one second material, where the open area of the at least one channel and/or cavity at the surface of the part is covered, and subjecting the at least one second material to a hot isostatic pressing in which the part manufactured from the first material forms part of the high-pressure containment vessel for the second material. Further disclosed is such a multi-material component.

Abstract: A layered apparatus comprises a substrate (100), a first electrically conductive layer (102) on and in contact with the substrate (100), a second patterned electrically conductive layer (104) which is in contact with the first electrically conductive layer (102), a third electrically conductive layer (112), a fourth electrically conductive layer (114) which is electrically insulated from the first electrically conductive layer (102), the second patterned electrically conductive layer (104) and the third electrically conductive layer (112), and an operationally active layer (108) between the first electrically conductive layer (102) and the fourth electrically conductive layer (114). The second patterned electrically conductive layer (104) is thicker than the operationally active layer (108), and a top part (104A) of the second patterned electrically conductive layer (104) extends across the operationally active layer (108) for having an electrical contact with the third electrically conductive layer (112).

Abstract: Diffractive microstructure comprising micro-protrusions or microgrooves or a combination thereof and method of producing the same. The microstructure is formed in a layer of a thermoplastic carbohydrate polymer or a polymer derived from a carbohydrate material, said polymer having a glass transition point of less than 210° C. The thermoplastic polymer is preferably selected from the group of native starch, dextrin, native hemicellulose, native cellulose, poly(lactic acid), polylactides, polycaprolactone, starch derivatives, dextrin derivatives, hemicellulose derivatives, cellulose derivatives, and mixtures thereof. The invention provides an inexpensive and reliable way of incorporating into the products safety markings, which allow for visual inspection or detection, such as holograms and barcodes.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical (MEMS) Fabry-Perot interferometer includes a transparent substrate; a first metallic mirror structure on the transparent substrate, including a first metal layer and a first support layer; a second metallic mirror structure above the first metallic mirror structure on an opposite side of the first metallic mirror structure in view of the transparent substrate, the second metallic mirror structure including a second metal layer and a second support layer, wherein the first and the second support layer are parallel and including at least one of aluminum oxide or titanium dioxide; a Fabry-Perot cavity between the first and the second support layer, whereby the Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by providing an insulation layer on the first mirror structure, and at least partially removing the insulation layer after providing the second mirror structure; and electrodes for providing electrical contacts to the first and the second metal layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a plurality of imaging sensor nodes producing 3D structure of a scene is provided. The apparatus receives (500) location data from the sensor nodes, the location data indicating the locations of the moving objects, compares (502) the location data received from different sensor nodes at the same time instants with each other and determines (504) which detections of different sensor nodes relate to same moving objects. The apparatus further maps (600) the location data received from different sensor nodes to a common coordinate system and determines (602) the relationships of the fields of view of the sensor nodes with each other and the location data mapped to the common coordinate system.