Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided to penetrate a bone and associated bone marrow using a powered driver. The apparatus may include a housing; a drive shaft comprising a first end disposed within the housing and a second end extending from the housing, the second end of the drive shaft configured to releasably engage the intraosseous device; a motor disposed within the housing and rotatably engaged with the drive shaft; a rechargeable power supply configured to supply power to the motor; an electrical charging circuit configured to recharge the rechargeable power supply; and a visual indicator indicating a status of the rechargeable power supply. The apparatus may also include an electrical power circuit configured to measure one of torque and current flow through the motor.

Abstract: A penetrator assembly for penetrating a bone and associated bone marrow is provided. The penetrator assembly may include a first connector having a first end and a second end; an outer penetrator extending from the second end of the first connector; the outer penetrator comprising a longitudinal passageway and a first tip; a second connector having a first end and a second end; and an inner penetrator extending from the second end of the second connector, the inner penetrator comprising a second tip. The first connector may be configured to engage the second connector, and the inner penetrator may be disposed in the longitudinal passageway of the outer penetrator when the first connector is engaged with the second connector.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more quadruplet drive coil sets, where each quadruplet drive coil set include at least four discrete drive coils, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to provide one or more sensor coil response signals, a first system component providing AC drive signals to energize the discrete drive coils, a second system component for receiving the one or more sensor coil response signals from the at least one moveable sensor coil, and a processor configured to determine a sensor coil disposition of the at least one moveable sensor coil in the subject relative to the quadruplet drive coil sets based on the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for penetrating bone marrow is provided. The apparatus may include a housing such as a handheld body, a penetrator assembly, a connector that releasably attaches the penetrator assembly to a drill shaft, a gear mechanism, a motor and a power supply and associated circuitry operable to power the motor. The penetrator assembly may include a removable inner trocar and an outer penetrator or needle. It may also include a grooved trocar that allows bone chips to be expelled as the apparatus is inserted into bone marrow. Various connectors are provided to attach the penetrator assembly to the drill shaft.

Abstract: Fluid communication devices and supporting structures may be provided for use with intraosseous devices. Apparatus and methods may also be provided to communicate fluids with an intraosseous device.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for delivering a quantity of fluid to bone marrow. The apparatus may include a drive housing, a plunger operating assembly, a retractable sleeve, a first spring, a second spring, and a release mechanism. The drive housing may include a first portion configured to engage a driver assembly and a second portion configured to engage a cartridge assembly. The cartridge assembly may a fluid reservoir and a plunger assembly slidably disposed in the fluid reservoir. The cartridge assembly may be engaged with a bone penetrating needle and configured to rotate to insert the bone penetrating needle into the bone marrow. The first release mechanism may release the second spring to move the plunger operating assembly when the cartridge assembly is rotated to insert the bone penetrating needle into the bone marrow and the retractable sleeve is moved to a retracted position.

Abstract: An intraosseous needle set comprising a cannula is provided. The cannula has a first end, a second end, and a bore configured to receive a sample from a target area. The first end of the cannula is configured to penetrate the target area and has a plurality of teeth. The plurality of teeth may have at least one tooth that comprises a tapered surface. The plurality of teeth may each have a first side and a second side, where a length of the first side is less than a length of the second side. The first and second sides may intersect to define tips that are disposed at an angle between 0 and 30 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the cannula, and the first side of a first tooth and the second side of an adjacent tooth may also intersect at an angle between 55 and 80 degrees.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for location of the disposition of a medical probe in a subject are disclosed. An array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils, a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, a discrete core wire providing response to electrical stimuli of the subject, and a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets are disclosed. The energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil, whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: Driver assemblies, drivers, drill bits, and methods for determining information (such as impedances, voltages, voltage differences, and changes in such information) about biological material during a medical procedure.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods are provided to penetrate a bone and associated bone marrow using a powered driver having a gear assembly and a motor. The powered driver may include an indicator operable to show status of a power supply associated with the powered driver. The power supply may include a battery power pack having a diamond shaped cross section. The powered driver may have a handle with a corresponding cross section.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods may be provided to monitor performance of an intraosseous device, including a system comprising an intraosseous device, a sensor contained within a tip of the intraosseous device, a monitor configured to record a signal from the sensor, and an electrical conductor coupled to the sensor and configured to transmit the signal from the sensor to the monitor. The tip of the intraosseous device may be configured to penetrate bone and bone marrow such that the tip is disposed in the bone marrow. In certain embodiments, the tip may also include a side port for delivering fluids into the bone marrow.

Abstract: This disclosure includes various embodiments of couplers for coupling intraosseous (IO) devices and drivers, and various embodiments of drivers and kits.

Abstract: Stabilizers for intraosseous devices, such as, for example, stabilizers that may be coupled to an intraosseous device (e.g., a device including an intraosseous needle) while a portion of the device extends into a patient's bone and/or while the device is coupled to a fluid source (e.g., FV bag, syringe, etc.).

Abstract: Apparatus and methods provided to remove biopsy specimens from bone and/or associated bone marrow. A powered driver may rotate a biopsy needle at an optimum speed to obtain the biopsy specimen. A thread or a groove may be disposed on interior portions of the biopsy needle. The thread or groove may engage a biopsy specimen and enhance removal of a bone marrow core from cancellous bone. Manufacturing procedures are provided for bonding a single helical thread with interior portions of the biopsy needle. The apparatus may also include a biopsy sample ejector and/or ejector funnel. A biopsy needle set may include a cannula and a trocar with respective tips having optimum configurations, dimensions and/or orientations relative to each other to optimize penetration of a bone and/or bone marrow with minimum patient trauma and enhanced reliability of obtaining a biopsy specimen.