Abstract: A control system in an ATM system controls flows of data cells and flow control management cells from a number of sources to a destination over connections passing a network element. The flow control management cells are returned from the destination via the network element to their respective sources. The network element is exposed to congestion due to contention between the connections, that necessitates queuing of the connections. The flow control management cells have an explicit rate field for an explicit rate value used to limit a source maximum allowed cell rate to a specific value. An operating function uses deviations from an available rate value for lower priority cells and from a queue length reference forming a desirable queue length, to calculate a modified explicit rate value as a function of these deviations. This modified explicit rate value is introduced into the explicit rate field of the backward flow control management cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for tracking closely adjacent and time-shifted signals incoming to a RAKE-receiver (25). According to the method, the sampling positions of the RAKE-branches (25a, 25b) are not permitted to come closer to one another in time than by a predetermined minimum value when updating the branches. The invention also relates to an arrangement (24) for putting the method into effect. The arrangement includes a search unit (24a), a plurality of tracking units (24c, 24d) and a processor unit (24b). The invention also relates to a RAKE-receiver utilizing said apparatus.

Abstract: In a method of producing an ohmic contact to a p-type .alpha.-SiC layer in a semiconductor device, layers of aluminum, titanium and silicon are deposited on the .alpha.-SiC layer, and the deposited layers are annealed to convert at least a part of the deposited layers to aluminum-titanium-silicide.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining when an echo canceller should be disabled in a telephoning system is disclosed. First, a first power estimate is determined from an input signal. In addition, the input signal is divided into in-phase and quadrature components. The in-phase and quadrature components are then subsampled and used to determine a second power estimate. The first and second power estimates are compared to determine whether a predetermined tone is present. When the predetermined tone is detected, the present invention determines whether a phase reversal in the predetermined tone is present by using the in-phase and quadrature components. When the phase reversal is detected, the echo cancellers are disabled.

Abstract: A radiocommunication device wherein a signal pattern generated from an antenna is attenuated in a direction of a user of the device. A conducting surface is positioned proximate the antenna at a location designed to provide this attenuation.

Abstract: A cellular telecommunications system has a plurality of nodes, each for performing at least one of a number of cellular telecommunications system functions, including base station, speech coder, control processing, signal processing, local handoff, location register, and network interface functions. The nodes are interconnected by a network preferably comprising an optical fiber cable. In one aspect of the invention, the protocol that is used on the network is a high speed synchronous protocol, such as the DTM protocol. A first node in the system may be an antenna; an RF component coupled to the antenna; an analog-to-digital converter having an analog port and a digital port, the analog port being coupled to the RF component; and an optical fiber modem for connecting the digital port of the analog-to-digital converter to the network means. A second node in the system may be for performing base station controller functions, wherein the first and second nodes, together, operate as a distributed base station.

Abstract: A plastic fastener for securely and reliably fastening a cover plate to a rack cabinet includes a fastener part and a pin. The fastener part has a pierced shaft which includes tabs or similar appendages and two spaced flange-like collars. The fastener part is inserted in a hole in a rack cabinet and the pin is then inserted in the pierced shaft of the fastener part, which forces the tabs to spread outward from the fastener part to fix the fastener part in the hole. The cover plate is then pushed between the two flange-like collars.

Abstract: In a radio receiver, a method and apparatus combine signals received by physically separated antennas. The amplitude of each received signal is limited. The amplitude limited signals are demodulated, and the demodulated signals are combined to form an output signal in which each demodulated signal constitutes a part in relation to a weight factor. The weight factor of the demodulated signal with a corresponding received signal having the lowest amplitude is given the value 1.

Abstract: A radio receiver is disclosed for demodulating both wideband and narrowband frequency-modulated signals. The radio receiver improves the capacity of a system by reducing the bandwidth occupancy of analog frequency modulation systems. The radio receiver comprises a superheterodyne frequency device which converts the received frequency-modulated signal to a fixed intermediate frequency signal. A filter then filters the intermediate frequency signal with a first filter bandwidth adapted to a wideband frequency-modulated signal. The filtered wideband frequency-modulated signal is demodulated in a demodulator using a frequency discriminator. The intermediate frequency signal is then filtered using a second and third filter bandwidth adapted to a narrowband frequency-modulated signal. Finally, the further-filtered intermediate frequency signal is demodulated using a frequency discriminator.

Abstract: Methods and devices for handling a buffer in packet networks, particularly in regard of loss and delay of packets, which belong to predetermined or implicitly given loss priority classes and delay priority classes. When a packet arrives at the buffer, its loss priority and delay priority classes are determined. For each loss priority class, there is a predetermined threshold value, and a total filling level of the buffer, i.e., the total number of packets stored, is compared to the threshold value of the packet's loss priority class. If the threshold value is larger than the total filling level, the packet is buffered in order to be forwarded; otherwise, the packet is lost. In determining whether a packet is to be buffered or lost, the packet's delay priority is not taken into account. In forwarding packets from the buffer, those packets that belong to higher delay priority classes are chosen in the usual way before packets belonging to lower delay priority classes.