Abstract: A network device such as a router or switch, in one embodiment, includes a timing analyzer which is capable of providing timing analysis over one or more network circuits. The timing analyzer, in one aspect, receives a data packet traveling across a circuit emulation service (“CES”) circuit such as T1 or E1 circuit. Upon obtaining an arrival timestamp associated with the data packet, the arrival timestamp is stored in a timestamp buffer in accordance with a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) storage sequence. After identifying the oldest arrival timestamp in the timestamp buffer, an offset is generated based on the result of comparison between the arrival timestamp and the oldest timestamp. The timing analyzer can also be configured to generate timing reports on-demand based on generated offset(s).

Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of a network configuration configured to permit a dense wavelength division multiplexing (“DWDM”) element to connect to a storage server, an Internet Protocol (“IP”) router, and DWDM network are disclosed. The configuration includes the DWDM network, storage area network (“SAN”) server, IP router, and optical transport network (“OTN”) switch. While the DWDM network transports information via optical fibers, the DWDM switch is coupled to the DWDM network for transporting optical signals. The SAN server is coupled to a port of the DWDM switch and is configured to store data at a remote location. The IP router which is coupled to the DWDM switch facilitates IP traffic between a user and the DWDM network. The OTN switch, coupled to the first DWDM switch, is capable of processing at least a portion of the optical signals.

Abstract: A method and/or network system is able to perform an in-service software upgrade (“ISSU”) using virtualization technology while ongoing network service is maintained. After receipt of an upgrade signal such as a command of software upgrade, a new or second virtual machine (“VM”) is created in response to the upgrade signal. After downloading the new version of program to the second VM while maintaining the first version of program running on the first VM, the process for providing network management begins to migrate from the first version of program to the new version of program. The process simultaneously facilitates ISSU for a data-path module such as a line card to convert from the previous version of software to the new version of the software.

Abstract: A network element (“NE”) is capable of starting an automatic configuration in response to an initiator such as a dongle. In one embodiment, after resetting a counter used for identifying a signal, a process for the automatic configuration forces a first test signal at a test mode output (“TMO”) pin of a console interface to a logic state zero. Upon detecting a break condition at a receiver pin, a second test signal at the TMO pin is forced to a logic state one. When logic state one is detected at the receiver pin of the NE, an automatic configuration mode at the NE is activated.

Abstract: A network device such as a router or switch, in one embodiment, includes a timing analyzer which is capable of providing timing analysis over one or more network circuits. The timing analyzer, in one aspect, receives a data packet traveling across a circuit emulation service (“CES”) circuit such as T1 or E1 circuit. Upon obtaining an arrival timestamp associated with the data packet, the arrival timestamp is stored in a timestamp buffer in accordance with a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) storage sequence. After identifying the oldest arrival timestamp in the timestamp buffer, an offset is generated based on the result of comparison between the arrival timestamp and the oldest timestamp. The timing analyzer can also be configured to generate timing reports on-demand based on generated offset(s).

Abstract: Method and apparatus of a network configuration configured to permit a dense wavelength division multiplexing (“DWDM”) element to connect to a storage server, an Internet Protocol (“IP”) router, and DWDM network are disclosed. The configuration includes the DWDM network, storage area network (“SAN”) server, IP router, and optical transport network (“OTN”) switch. While the DWDM network transports information via optical fibers, the DWDM switch is coupled to the DWDM network for transporting optical signals. The SAN server is coupled to a port of the DWDM switch and is configured to store data at a remote location. The IP router which is coupled to the DWDM switch facilitates IP traffic between a user and the DWDM network. The OTN switch, coupled to the first DWDM switch, is capable of processing at least a portion of the optical signals.

Abstract: A network device such as a router or switch, in one embodiment, includes a timing analyzer which is capable of providing timing analysis over one or more network circuits. The timing analyzer, in one aspect, receives a data packet traveling across a circuit emulation service (“CES”) circuit such as T1 or E1 circuit. Upon obtaining an arrival timestamp associated with the data packet, the arrival timestamp is stored in a timestamp buffer in accordance with a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) storage sequence. After identifying the oldest arrival timestamp in the timestamp buffer, an offset is generated based on the result of comparison between the arrival timestamp and the oldest timestamp. The timing analyzer can also be configured to generate timing reports on-demand based on generated offset(s).

Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.

Abstract: A network configuration having various network elements and user equipments configured to authenticate web access requests is disclosed. Upon receipt of web addresses from various subscribers, the web addresses such as online advertisements are stored in a memory. The network traffic in the communication network is monitored in accordance with the web addresses stored in the memory. After detecting a website assess request such as a click of an online advertisement, an authentication record which authenticates the origin of the network equipment issuing the request. The authentication record is forwarded to a subscription partner via a predefined messaging mechanism.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.

Abstract: A network device such as a router or switch, in one embodiment, includes a timing analyzer which is capable of providing timing analysis over one or more network circuits. The timing analyzer, in one aspect, receives a data packet traveling across a circuit emulation service (“CES”) circuit such as T1 or E1 circuit. Upon obtaining an arrival timestamp associated with the data packet, the arrival timestamp is stored in a timestamp buffer in accordance with a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) storage sequence. After identifying the oldest arrival timestamp in the timestamp buffer, an offset is generated based on the result of comparison between the arrival timestamp and the oldest timestamp. The timing analyzer can also be configured to generate timing reports on-demand based on generated offset(s).

Abstract: A method and/or network system is able to perform an in-service software upgrade (“ISSU”) using virtualization technology while ongoing network service is maintained. After receipt of an upgrade signal such as a command of software upgrade, a new or second virtual machine (“VM”) is created in response to the upgrade signal. After downloading the new version of program to the second VM while maintaining the first version of program running on the first VM, the process for providing network management begins to migrate from the first version of program to the new version of program. The process simultaneously facilitates ISSU for a data-path module such as a line card to convert from the previous version of software to the new version of the software.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of a network configuration configured to permit a dense wavelength division multiplexing (“DWDM”) element to connect to a storage server, an Internet Protocol (“IP”) router, and DWDM network are disclosed. The configuration includes the DWDM network, storage area network (“SAN”) server, IP router, and optical transport network (“OTN”) switch. While the DWDM network transports information via optical fibers, the DWDM switch is coupled to the DWDM network for transporting optical signals. The SAN server is coupled to a port of the DWDM switch and is configured to store data at a remote location. The IP router which is coupled to the DWDM switch facilitates IP traffic between a user and the DWDM network. The OTN switch, coupled to the first DWDM switch, is capable of processing at least a portion of the optical signals.

Abstract: A communications network, in one embodiment, includes a passive optical network (“PON”) network, user equipment (“UE”), and optical network terminal (“ONT”) plug to facilitate data transfer via an optical network. The PON network containing at least one fiber splitter and one optical line terminal (“OLT”) is capable of transmitting optical data. The UE having a high-speed electrical (“HSE”) port is able to process information based on electrical signals received from the HSE port. The ONT plug, in one embodiment, includes a modular electrical connector, a signal converter, and an optical and power hybrid (“OPH”) interface. The modular electrical connector contains at least eight (8) electrical contacts with eight (8) positions and can be inserted into the HSE port. The signal converter is used to convert optical signals received from the optical interface to electrical signals.

Abstract: A network device such as a router or switch, in one embodiment, includes a timing analyzer which is capable of providing timing analysis over one or more network circuits. The timing analyzer, in one aspect, receives a data packet traveling across a circuit emulation service (“CES”) circuit such as T1 or E1 circuit. Upon obtaining an arrival timestamp associated with the data packet, the arrival timestamp is stored in a timestamp buffer in accordance with a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) storage sequence. After identifying the oldest arrival timestamp in the timestamp buffer, an offset is generated based on the result of comparison between the arrival timestamp and the oldest timestamp. The timing analyzer can also be configured to generate timing reports on-demand based on generated offset(s).

Abstract: A method or network system able to efficiently redistribute information, data, and/or context between virtual machines (“VMs”) using an in-memory file system (“IMFS”) is disclosed. After requesting memory access by an application program, a process of VM using IMFS is able to forward the memory allocation request from a VM kernel operating under a VM environment to an emulator. The emulator, which operates between the VM kernel and the hypervisor, again redirects the memory allocation request to the hypervisor for storage allocation. The hypervisor subsequently allocates at least a portion of storage space in the IMFS in accordance with the memory allocation request.

Abstract: A process capable of distributing data is configured to receive a stream of data formatted under a wireless data communication protocol such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (“UMTS”) or Long Term Evolution (“LTE”). After identifying the portion of the IP data from the stream of data in accordance with a predefined IP data identifier, the process separates the IP data from the stream of data. Upon reformatting the IP data into one or more IP packets, the IP packet(s) bypasses at least a portion of circuit network and move directly to an Internet router.

Abstract: An optical add/drop multiplexer incorporates an integrated receiver module and an integrated transmitter which are interfaced to an intervening electrical network to provide an add/drop/pass-through functionality. The receiver module incorporates a wavelength demultiplexer which is in turn combined with optical/electrical converters PIN photodiodes, and amplifiers on a per wavelength basis to output a plurality of parallel electrical signals in response to a common optical input. The transmitter module combines an integrated plurality of drive circuits and lasers for converting a plurality of parallel input electrical signals to a plurality of optical signals, on a per wavelength basis, which in turn are coupled via an optical wavelength multiplexer to a common output optical fiber. The interconnected electrical network, ring mesh or tree, can provide a reconfigurable electrical add/drop interface to other portions of the network.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention illustrates a high-speed PON converter (“HPC”) configured to be a pluggable high-speed PON conversion device used for coupling a user equipment (“UE”) to an optical network. HPC, in embodiment, includes a passive optical network (“PON”) interface, a high-speed electrical (“HSE”) interface, and a conversion component. The PON interface, which is coupled to an optical network via an optical fiber, is able to receive optical information from the optical fiber. The HSE interface is configured to be pluggable to the UE, such as a personal computer (“PC”), laptop, or tablet via a predefined removable connector. The conversion component converts and transmits signals between the HSE and PON interfaces.