Abstract: An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator, including: a purification means; at least one reversible retainer including an ion reservoir; a dialysate flow path including a dialysate inlet for receiving a dialysate, a dialysate outlet for dispensing the dialysate, the purification means and the at least one reversible retainer: a pump connected to the dialysate flow path and configured to generate a flow of the dialysate from the dialysate inlet via the reversible retainer and the purification means to the dialysate outlet, wherein a direction of the dialysate flow path through the reversible retainer is reversible.

Abstract: There is provided a sorbent for removing metabolic waste products from a dialysis liquid, the sorbent comprising a layer of immobilized uremic toxin-treating enzyme particles intermixed with cation exchange particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sorbent for removing metabolic waste products from a dialysis liquid, the sorbent comprising a soluble source of sodium ions. The sorbent comprises an ion exchange system which converts urea to ammonium ions and which is configured to exchange ammonium ions for predominantly hydrogen ions and to exchange Ca, Mg, and K for predominantly sodium ions. The soluble source of sodium ions overcomes an initial drop in sodium concentration in regenerated dialysate. When used in conjunction with an infusion system configured to utilise exchange of Ca, Mg and K for sodium during dialysate regeneration a desired sodium ion concentration can be maintained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid fuel, a system and a method for generating hydrogen. The solid fuel comprises sodium borohydride, catalyst loaded fibres and a binder, wherein the catalyst loaded fibres and the binder form a scaffold structure within which the sodium borohydride is positioned. The system comprises a fuel cartridge containing the solid fuel of the present invention for generating hydrogen gas, a reactor configured to house the fuel cartridge, a tank for storing water, a pump and a liquid conduit for conveying water from the tank to the fuel cartridge housed within the reactor to induce a hydrolysis reaction of the solid fuel contained in the fuel cartridge and a controller for regulating flow of the water.

Abstract: A dialysis device is provided including a disposable housing having a flow path along which dialysate received from a patient is subjected to contaminant removal when in operation. The device includes a controller for controlling the operation of the disposable housing and an interface capable of operably coupling the controller and the disposable housing to enable the contaminant removal from the dialysate. The flow path is fluidly sealed from the controller and interface.

Abstract: A gas generator and a method of generating a gas are provided. A gas generator includes a cartridge having a solid reactant and a liquid reactant distributor provided therein, and a liquid reactant supply in fluid communication with the liquid reactant distributor. The liquid reactant supply is configured to provide a liquid reactant under pressure to the liquid reactant distributor. The liquid reactant distributor comprises a plurality of normally closed holes configured to open at a predetermined fluid pressure to disperse the liquid reactant for reaction with the solid reactant in the cartridge.

Abstract: A plate member for a cell stack, a cell stack assembly, a method of forming a plate member for a cell stack and a method of assembling a cell stack may be provided, and the plate member comprises a channel sheet comprising at least one peak and one trough for forming fluid flow channels; two alignment parts, each alignment part comprising a main body and one or more alignment members, the main body having a through hole provided within the main body; and wherein the alignment part is capable of aligning the channel sheet parallel to a plane of the main body and the alignment member is capable of aligning the alignment member to another corresponding alignment member along an axis passing through the alignment member; and further wherein the channel sheet is disposed between the two alignment parts.

Abstract: A fuel cell assembly (10) is provided. The fuel cell assembly (10) includes a first endplate (12), a second endplate (14), a plurality of separator plates (16) provided between the first and second endplates (12) and (14), and a plurality of fuel cells (18) forming a fuel cell stack (20). Each of the fuel cells (18) is provided between adjacent ones of the separator plates (16). A plurality of oxidant flow channels (22) is formed in the separator plates (16). The oxidant flow channels (22) define a first flow passage. Each of the fuel cells (18) has an active area. A portion (28) of the separator plates (16) extends beyond the active area of the fuel cells (18) to define a second flow passage at a downstream portion of the first flow passage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid fuel, a system and a method for generating hydrogen. The solid fuel comprises sodium borohydride, catalyst loaded fibers and a binder, wherein the catalyst loaded fibers and the binder form a scaffold structure within which the sodium borohydride is positioned. The system comprises a fuel cartridge containing the solid fuel of the present invention for generating hydrogen gas, a reactor configured to house the fuel cartridge, a tank for storing water, a pump and a liquid conduit for conveying water from the tank to the fuel cartridge housed within the reactor to induce a hydrolysis reaction of the solid fuel contained in the fuel cartridge and a controller for regulating flow of the water.

Abstract: A gas generator and a method of generating a gas are provided. A gas generator includes a cartridge having a solid reactant and a liquid reactant distributor provided therein, and a liquid reactant supply in fluid communication with the liquid reactant distributor. The liquid reactant supply is configured to provide a liquid reactant under pressure to the liquid reactant distributor. The liquid reactant distributor comprises a plurality of normally closed holes configured to open at a predetermined fluid pressure to disperse the liquid reactant for reaction with the solid reactant in the cartridge.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to dialysis devices. In some embodiments, a dialysis device may include a disposable housing having a storage chamber in fluid communication with a dialysate flow path. Also included may be a controller, an interface capable of operably coupling the controller and the disposable housing, a fluid displacement structure, a pump configured to actuate a deformable diaphragm, and a pressure sensor to trigger the reversal of the pump. The flow path may be fluidly sealed from the controller and the interface.

Abstract: A plate member for a cell stack, a cell stack assembly, a method of forming a plate member for a cell stack and a method of assembling a cell stack may be provided, and the plate member comprises a channel sheet comprising at least one peak and one trough for forming fluid flow channels; two alignment parts, each alignment part comprising a main body and one or more alignment members, the main body having a through hole provided within the main body; and wherein the alignment part is capable of aligning the channel sheet parallel to a plane of the main body and the alignment member is capable of aligning the alignment member to another corresponding alignment member along an axis passing through the alignment member; and further wherein the channel sheet is disposed between the two alignment parts.

Abstract: A surface on a polymeric film having an array of patterned structures, wherein the array of patterned structures influences fluid flow of the surface and causes reduced attachment of a biological material.

Abstract: A fuel cell apparatus (10) and method (50) of operating a fuel cell are provided. The fuel cell apparatus (10) includes a fuel cell assembly (12) having a first outlet (26) and a first vessel (34) coupled to the first outlet (26) and forming a first dead end. The first vessel (34) is arranged to receive and hold a portion of a first reactant and water when a supply of the first reactant is being fed to the fuel cell assembly (12) and to return the first reactant in the first vessel (34) to the fuel cell assembly (12) via the first outlet (26) when the supply of the first reactant to the fuel cell assembly (12) is cut off.

Abstract: A sensing system for detecting a substance in a dialysate. The system includes a hydrophobic barrier capable of allowing the substance in the dialysate to equilibrate through the barrier to a gas. The system also includes a detector capable of detecting the gas and an interface disposed between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector and configured to allow transport of the gas between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector following a concentration gradient of the gas along the interface.

Abstract: There is provided a sorbent for removing metabolic waste products from a dialysis liquid, the sorbent comprising a layer of immobilized uremic toxin-treating enzyme particles intermixed with cation exchange particles.

Abstract: There is provided a flow system of a dialysis device including a dialysate conduit which is capable of being in fluid communication with the peritoneal cavity of a patient's body and of being in fluid communication with a flow path, the flow path allowing dialysate to flow from a patient's body to a sorbent capable of removing contaminants within the dialysate in an outflow mode and in an inflow mode returning the dialysate substantially free of contaminants to the patient's body. The device also includes a pump for moving the dialysate along the flow path in both the outflow mode and inflow mode and a plurality of valves disposed along the flow path. There is also provided a portable dialysis device.

Abstract: A substrate having compounds disposed thereon for immobilizing a functional molecule, each compound having a chain including: a moiety R that is chemically coupled to the substrate, the moiety R being selected from the group consisting of an ether, ester, carbonyl, carbonate ester, thioether, disulfide, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, and carbonothioyl; and an epoxide-containing moiety that is coupled to the moiety R by a linker including at least one nucleophilic group. Methods of preparing the substrate and use of the substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: A substrate having compounds disposed thereon for immobilizing a functional molecule, each compound having a chain including: a moiety R that is chemically coupled to the substrate, the moiety R being selected from the group consisting of an ether, ester, carbonyl, carbonate ester, thioether, disulfide, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, and carbonothioyl; and an epoxide-containing moiety that is coupled to the moiety R by a linker including at least one nucleophilic group.

Abstract: A substrate having compounds disposed thereon for immobilizing a functional molecule, each compound having a chain comprising: a moiety R that is chemically coupled to the substrate, said moiety R being selected from the group consisting of an ether, ester, carbonyl, carbonate ester, thioether, disulfide, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, and carbonothioyl; and an epoxide-containing moiety that is coupled to the moiety R by a linker comprising at least one nucleophilic group. Methods of preparing the substrate and use of the substrate are also disclosed.