Abstract: Small quantities of monosulfide organic compounds are removed from low boiling hydrocarbon fractions, e.g., n-hexane and lower by contacting the hydrocarbon stream with a dilute aqueous solution of NaOCl, which converts low boiling (n-hexane and lower range) monosulfides to high boiling sulfones allowing separation by fractionating the n-hexane through the lower boiling pentanes away. The NaOCl process does not appreciably effect disulfides, which boil at temperatures higher than Hexane, except for CS.sub.2. Hence a hydrocarbon stream that also contains carbon disulfide, produces a hydrocarbon fraction sustantially free of monosulfides, but containing CS.sub.2. The hydrocarbon fraction is then contacted with a quaternary ammonium cation exchange resin which removes CS.sub.2 to produce a substantially sulfur free n-hexane through lower boiling pentanes cut, which is useful for isomerization to higher octane feed stock.

Abstract: In a gravity stabilized thermal miscible displacement process for recovery of normally immobile high viscosity hydrocarbons in a subterranean formation, a steam and solvent vapor mixture is injected into the top of the formation, thereby establishing a vapor zone across the top of the formation. The steam and vapor mixture is lean or undersaturated in solvent vapors. The steam vapors condense to give up heat and raise the temperature of the underlying viscous hydrocarbons, thus reducing the viscosity thereof. The solvent vapors condense and go into solution with the viscous hydrocarbons, further reducing the viscosity thereof enabling the hydrocarbons to drain under the force of gravity into an adjacent production well completed at the bottom of the reservoir and where the hydrocarbons are recovered. The pressure at the producing well is controlled so that the pressure differential through the formation is approximately equal to the gravity head of the liquids in the formation.

Abstract: Finely divided, preferably colloidally sized magnesium metal particles in an aqueous suspension are infused throughout a hydrocarbon-bearing formation and combusted or reacted with water for in-situ combustion to heat the formation.

Abstract: Propylene contained in mixed C.sub.3 /C.sub.4 streams containing at least 5 wt. % isobutene, for example, catalytic cracker offgas, may be recovered as a useful gasoline component by oligomerizing the propylene in liquid phase at 80.degree. to 130.degree. C. at LHSV 2 to 5 in the presence of an acidic cation exchange resin whereby the oligomers produced are primary C.sub.6 to C.sub.8 mono olefins.

Abstract: Propylene contained in mixed C.sub.3 /C.sub.4 streams containing at least 5 wt. % isobutene, for example, catalytic cracker offgas, may be recovered as a useful gasoline component by reacting in the presence of methanol to etherify and oligomerize the propylene in liquid phase at 80.degree. to 130.degree. C. at LHSV 2 to 5 in the presence of an acidic cation exchange resin whereby the product contains oligomers which are primary C.sub.6 to C.sub.8 mono olefins, methyl isopropyl ether, methyl tertiary butyl ether and unreacted material, by maintaining a residual of methanol in the product stream of 0.03 to 0.9 wt. % based on the product stream.

Abstract: Trace metals, particularly As, Fe and Ni, are removed from hydrocarbonaceous oils, particularly shale oil by contacting the shale oil with quadrolobe alumina with or without a processing gas such as hydrogen or nitrogen at 500.degree. F. to 800.degree. F. at 250 to 750 psig and LHSV of 0.4 to 3.0 to deposit a portion of said trace metal onto said alumina and recover an oil product having substantially reduced amounts of trace metal.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for an energy saving system for the fractionation of a C.sub.4 stream containing predominately n-butane and isobutane using an open heat pump cycle in which the n-butane bottoms from the fractionation are the compressing medium and isobutane overhead is used to vaporize the n-butane by indirect heat exchange. A problem which would be expected to prevent this system is the unusual characteristic of n-butane (also isobutane) that on compression a liquid-vapor phase results, which is damaging to the compressor. This is overcome by passing the vaporized n-butane prior to compression, through an apparatus that removes any entrained liquids and heats the vapors to a temperature sufficient to prevent the formation of the liquid phase under compression. It has been found that this process results in the use of only about 9% of the outside energy previously used in conventional operation for a specific unit.