Abstract: Ultrafine particles are provided having a core region that has a signal amplifying molecule and a shell region that surrounds the core region. The shell region has at least one antibody affixed to its surface that is specific for at least one antigen. Alternatively, the ultrafine particles may entrap the signal amplifying molecule within its matrix and may also have antibodies affixed to its surface for molecular recognition. Ultrafine particles are also provided having a matrix component that includes a signal amplifying molecule and at least one antibody specific for the antigen or biomaterial. The ultrafine particles of the present disclosure may be used in assays for the detection, including quantification, of one or more antigens present in a biological sample.

Abstract: Capsules and particles with at least one encapsulated and/or entrapped agent, such as therapeutic agent, imaging agents, and other constituents may be produced by electrohydrodynamic processes. More particularly, the agent encapsulated in a vehicle, capsule, particle, vector, or carrier may maximize treatment and/or imaging of malignant cancers while minimizing the adverse effects of treatment and/or imaging.