Abstract: A battery cell having a layered pressure homogenizing soft medium for liquid/solid state Li-ion rechargeable batteries. The battery cell of the present technology includes one or more battery pouches, a pressure mechanism external to the battery pouches that applies a pressure to the battery pouches, and a layered pressure homogenizing soft medium that is displaced between the battery pouches and the pressure mechanism. By using a number of pressure homogenizing medium layers, each with a specific range of thickness and within a range of physical properties, the battery pouches displaced between the pressure homogenizing medium layers are evenly pressurized by the mediums due to pressure applied by the pressure mechanism to within a desired range of pressure. The pressure applied to the battery pouches by the pressure homogenizing medium is monitored by a pressure sensor, such as a two-dimensional pressure sensor.

Abstract: An anode-free solid-state battery may include a cathode layer; an anode current collector layer; and a separator layer between the cathode layer and the anode current collector layer. The battery can further include an anti-dendrite layer located between the separator layer and the anode current collector layer. The battery further includes an interfacial bonding layer located between the anti-dendrite layer and the anode current collector layer. The interfacial bonding layer increases an amount of electrical connectivity between the anode current collector layer. A first amount of adhesion between the interfacial bonding layer and the anode current collector layer can be greater than a second amount of adhesion between the anti-dendrite layer and the interfacial bonding layer.

Abstract: An anti-dendrite anode-free solid-state battery (SSB) can include a cathode layer; an anode current collector layer; and a lithium gel separator layer between the cathode layer and the anode current collector layer. An anti-dendrite layer may also be present located between the lithium gel separator layer and the anode current collector layer. The anti-dendrite layer can help discourage dendrite formation.

Abstract: A phase-change electrolyte separator layer can include a non-reactive scaffold that has open spaces. A lithium liquid may be used that transitions into a lithium gel, the lithium liquid can include a mixture of a polymer additive, a cross-linker additive, a lithium salt; and a solvent. The lithium liquid with the polymer additive and the cross-linker additive can be filled into the open spaces within the non-reactive scaffold. The lithium liquid can then be converted into a lithium gel within the non-reactive scaffold following an application of heat while the lithium liquid is within the open spaces within the non-reactive scaffold.

Abstract: A phase-change electrolyte separator layer can include a non-reactive scaffold that has open spaces. A lithium liquid may be used that transitions into a lithium gel, the lithium liquid can include a mixture of a polymer additive, a cross-linker additive, a lithium salt; and a solvent. The lithium liquid with the polymer additive and the cross-linker additive can be filled into the open spaces within the non-reactive scaffold. The lithium liquid can then be converted into a lithium gel within the non-reactive scaffold following an application of heat while the lithium liquid is within the open spaces within the non-reactive scaffold.

Abstract: Provided herein are various battery cell embodiments. A battery cell can have a solid electrolyte. The electrolyte can be arranged within the cavity. The battery cell can have a cathode disposed within the cavity along a first side of the electrolyte. The battery cell can have a functional layer disposed within the cavity along a second side of the electrolyte. A first side of the functional layer can be in contact with a second side of the electrolyte. The functional layer can form an alloy with lithium material received via the electrolyte. The battery cell can have a scaffold layer disposed within the cavity along a second side of the functional layer.

Abstract: A battery cell having a layered pressure homogenizing soft medium for liquid/solid state Li-ion rechargeable batteries. The battery cell of the present technology includes one or more battery pouches, a pressure mechanism external to the battery pouches that applies a pressure to the battery pouches, and a layered pressure homogenizing soft medium that is displaced between the battery pouches and the pressure mechanism. By using a number of pressure homogenizing medium layers, each with a specific range of thickness and within a range of physical properties, the battery pouches displaced between the pressure homogenizing medium layers are evenly pressurized by the mediums due to pressure applied by the pressure mechanism to within a desired range of pressure. The pressure applied to the battery pouches by the pressure homogenizing medium is monitored by a pressure sensor, such as a two-dimensional pressure sensor.

Abstract: Various arrangements for compressing a cylindrical battery cell are presented herein. The cylindrical battery cell may be wrapped in a buffer material. The buffer material may then be compressed using a compression mechanism. The buffer material may uniformly distribute pressure applied to the buffer material to a curved sidewall of the cylindrical battery cell.

Abstract: Various variable planar pouch battery pressure optimization systems are presented. The system may include a first and second plate, between which a planar pouch battery cell is installed. Multiple pressure application components may be individually controlled to apply varying pressure to the first and second plate. Various pressure patterns may be tested in order to determine a pressure pattern that optimizes at least one electrical characteristic of the planar pouch battery cell.

Abstract: A battery cell having a layered pressure homogenizing soft medium for liquid/solid state Li-ion rechargeable batteries. The battery cell of the present technology includes one or more battery pouches, a pressure mechanism external to the battery pouches that applies a pressure to the battery pouches, and a layered pressure homogenizing soft medium that is displaced between the battery pouches and the pressure mechanism. By using a number of pressure homogenizing medium layers, each with a specific range of thickness and within a range of physical properties, the battery pouches displaced between the pressure homogenizing medium layers are evenly pressurized by the mediums due to pressure applied by the pressure mechanism to within a desired range of pressure. The pressure applied to the battery pouches by the pressure homogenizing medium is monitored by a pressure sensor, such as a two-dimensional pressure sensor.

Abstract: Various arrangements of an anode-free battery cell are presented herein. The battery cell can include a lithium ion buffer layer that is located between a electrolyte and an anode current collector. Lithium ions may be stored within the lithium ion buffer layer when the battery cell is charged, which can decrease an amount of swelling within the battery cell.

Abstract: Various battery cell arrangements are presented herein. The battery cell can include an anode current collector. The battery cell can include a carbon-based anode coating layer that coats the anode current collector. A first bond between the anode current collector and the anode coating layer may have a first adhesion strength. The battery cell also includes a cathode, a separator layer that contacts the cathode, and a separator coating layer. The separator coating layer can be positioned between the anode coating layer and the separator layer. A second bond between the separator coating material and the anode coating material has a second adhesion strength. The second adhesion strength of the second bond may be greater than the first adhesion strength of the first bond.

Abstract: Various variable planar pouch battery pressure optimization systems are presented. The system may include a first and second plate, between which a planar pouch battery cell is installed. Multiple pressure application components may be individually controlled to apply varying pressure to the first and second plate. Various pressure patterns may be tested in order to determine a pressure pattern that optimizes at least one electrical characteristic of the planar pouch battery cell.

Abstract: Various arrangements for creating a cylindrical anti-dendrite anode-free solid-state battery are presented. An anti-dendrite layer may be layered between an anode current collector layer and the cathode layer. A layered stack may be created that comprises a dry separator layer, a cathode layer layered with a cathode current collector layer, and the anti-dendrite layer layered with the anode current collector layer. The layered stack may be rolled into a cylindrical jelly roll. The rolled layered stack may be inserted into a pouch. A liquid electrolyte mixture may be added into the pouch. The liquid electrolyte mixture can permeate the dry separator layer. Heat can be applied to the pouch that causes the liquid electrolyte mixture to become a gel. The rolled layered stack can then be removed from the pouch and inserted into a cylindrical battery cell canister.

Abstract: Various arrangements of pressurized battery modules are detailed herein. Such a pressurized battery module may include a sealed battery module housing. The pressurized battery module may include multiple pouch cells. Each pouch cell may be located within the sealed battery module housing. The pressurized battery module may further include an insulative oil that is pressurized within the sealed housing. This insulative oil may exert pressure on an external surface of each pouch cell within the pressurized battery module.

Abstract: Various arrangements of an anode-free battery cell are presented herein. The battery cell can include a lithium ion buffer layer that is located between a electrolyte and an anode current collector. Lithium ions may be stored within the lithium ion buffer layer when the battery cell is charged, which can decrease an amount of swelling within the battery cell.

Abstract: Various arrangements of pressurized battery modules are detailed herein. Such a pressurized battery module may include a sealed battery module housing. The pressurized battery module may include multiple pouch cells. Each pouch cell may be located within the sealed battery module housing. The pressurized battery module may further include an insulative oil that is pressurized within the sealed housing. This insulative oil may exert pressure on an external surface of each pouch cell within the pressurized battery module.

Abstract: Provided herein are various battery cell embodiments. A battery cell can have a solid electrolyte. The electrolyte can be arranged within the cavity. The battery cell can have a cathode disposed within the cavity along a first side of the electrolyte. The battery cell can have a functional layer disposed within the cavity along a second side of the electrolyte. A first side of the functional layer can be in contact with a second side of the electrolyte. The functional layer can form an alloy with lithium material received via the electrolyte. The battery cell can have a scaffold layer disposed within the cavity along a second side of the functional layer.

Abstract: Various arrangements of an anode-free solid-state battery cell are presented herein. The battery cell can include a lithium ion buffer layer that is located between a solid-state electrolyte and an anode current collector. Lithium ions may be stored within the lithium ion buffer layer when the battery cell is charged, which can decrease an amount of swelling within the battery cell.

Abstract: Various arrangements for compressing a cylindrical battery cell are presented herein. The cylindrical battery cell may be wrapped in a buffer material. The buffer material may then be compressed using a compression mechanism. The buffer material may uniformly distribute pressure applied to the buffer material to a curved sidewall of the cylindrical battery cell.