Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus comprising a plurality of three-dimensional radiator elements, each radiator element transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves. The radiator elements are arranged so that at least one pair of adjacent radiator elements are separated by a gap, which behaves like a waveguide inducing by a coupling effect electromagnetic interferences with the waves. The apparatus includes a portion to establish a galvanic contact between the adjacent radiator elements, so as to suppress the coupling effect, while allowing for the thermal expansion of the adjacent radiator elements.

Abstract: A plurality of three-dimensional radiator elements, each radiator element transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves by a radiating top side. The radiator elements are arranged so that their radiating top sides are substantially parallel and so that at least one pair of adjacent radiator elements are separated by a dielectric gap between sidewalls, the gap behaving like a waveguide which couples electromagnetic interferences with the electromagnetic waves. The adjacent radiator elements further comprise a structure to suppress the coupling effect without establishing a galvanic contact with its adjacent radiator element.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus and a method for guidance of a projectile. The method for guidance of a projectile, includes emission from the launching position of the projectile of beams pointing to the vertexes of a regular polygon, emission from the launching position of a beam encompassing the preceding beams, determination of position of the projectile relative to the beams, the determined position enabling to correct the projectile trajectory to maintain the projectile the closer to the center of the polygon formed by the beams.

Abstract: A method of tracking an object including the steps of: collecting N measurements of range Ri and Doppler velocity Di associated with the object from a plurality M of radar sensors Si each measurement being assigned a time stamp ti; time aligning each Range Ri measurement to a common time stamp tN to provide a corresponding time aligned range Pi for each of the N measurements; using each time aligned Range measurement Pi to define a corresponding spherical equation such that N spherical equations are defined; and deriving analytical solutions from three of the N spherical equations to determine the position vector of the object.

Abstract: A method for making a three-dimensional interconnect device, the device including a plurality of interconnection layers. The method includes laminating a printed circuit board comprising a plurality of interconnection layers, inserting the printed circuit board in a three-dimensional mold, injecting a molding material into the mold, so as to form a three-dimensional structure encompassing the printed circuit board, and metallizing a portion of the outer surface of the three-dimensional structure, so that it is connected with at least one interconnection layer of the printed circuit board.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for filtering sea clutter in a radar echo using a hydrographic model. The method comprises the steps of determining parameter values of the hydrographic model using the radar echo, estimating the sea clutter corresponding to the sea surface as deduced from the hydrographic model and filtering of the estimated sea clutter from the radar echo.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention includes a step of transmitting an OFDM waveform including several frequency carrier signals transmitted simultaneously, the frequency carrier signals being coded in order to improve the Doppler response. An embodiment of the invention includes a step of receiving the echoed waveform from the target. The initial phase of each frequency carrier signal is recovered from the echoed waveform. The recovered initial phase of each frequency carrier signal is cyclically shifted in order to compensate for the Doppler effect and subsequently decoded. A compressed pulse is synthesized from the decoded initial phases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a safety and security system designed to protect a designated area. The system comprises sensors of various types (radars, infrared detectors for instance) and sources of intelligence. Correlation is run between instant-track data and non-instant-track data before the level of threat of the tracks is analysed. Reliability of this analysis is thus greatly enhanced. Also a method is provided to develop systems of this type which provides an integrated specification and design method which covers technical and human factors.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus of planar heat pipe for cooling, which may be embedded in a printed circuit board for cooling of heat-dissipating components. The apparatus includes two panels that are both metal clad on one side, at least one of the panels being grooved on its metal clad side, the panels being assembled by their metal clad sides to form a sealed cavity, the cavity being filled with a fluid, the fluid circulating by capillary action along the grooves towards zones exposed to heat where it vaporizes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an elevation estimation method and a radar apparatus of the stacked beam type using it. For the accurate determination of the elevation of a object, use is made of interpolation on the basis of object strengths, measured in the different beams. Thus, an object of this invention is a method for estimating an object's elevation comprising: receptions and associated receiving processing of signal reflected by the object, a beam transformation of said processed received signals into a number of receiving antenna beams which are at least substantially identical in azimuth direction and distributed in elevation direction, an interpolation of the receiving antenna beams, which are provided with a mutual overlap, such as the object's elevation is deduced by standardization of set of strengths measured along the elevation direction distribution and comparison to pre-defined sets of strengths which have been associated with elevations, the comparison determining a best fitting set.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a printed antenna fed by a patch. The printed antenna includes at least one ground plane with a radiating opening in it, this radiating opening being arranged to radiate into the space situated above said ground plane, and a conductive feed patch placed beneath said radiating opening and insulated by a dielectric layer, in such a way that the patch is coupled to the radiating opening in order to feed the radiating opening without parasitic radiation being excited. It also concerns printed antennas with two polarization directions and corresponding antenna arrays.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator and more particularly, the cryogenic refrigerator compressor assembly procedure and to a mechanism for supporting piston for use in such a cryogenic refrigerator is described. Embodiments of the present invention solve the above-mentioned drawbacks by avoiding the radial movements of the piston. The assembly procedure of a cooler compressor comprises coating at least one piston by a material, placing each piston in the cylinder, raising the temperature up until a predetermined temperature so as the piston and/or its coat expands to occupy all the cylinder, fixing each piston in the cylinder in this position until the temperature returns to ambient temperature. Another object of this invention is the cooler compressor piston spring having two flexure bearings separated by a gap connected together by a first and an outer ring.

Abstract: A radar comprising transmitter means for generating bursts of radar pulses, each scan of a radar consisting of a number (Nb) of bursts, the method comprises, for each scan k: a first step, in which a radar cell is pre-selected in a validation gate; a second step, in which a Track-Before-Detect processing is initialized upon the pre-selected cells, using a track filter to construct the validation gate associated to the next scan k+1; the steps being repeated scan to scan. The invention can be applied to surveillance radars, for example with multi-beamforming in elevation, and more generally to all kinds of radars.

Abstract: Assembly for the defined support of a first object (6) on a second object (1), such as a director-mounted sight. In the top face of the director three pairs of steel balls (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) are fitted, positioned in a triangle. In a sole plate of the sight three steel balls (7, 8, 9) are fitted, positioned in an identical triangle. The three balls rest on the three ball pairs. The sight is then fastened using, for instance, a screw, a spring or a magnet.

Abstract: This invention relates to radar signal processing. In particular, this invention concerns Doppler processing and clutter filtering on irregular Pulse Repetition Time (PRT) sampled signal. This invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, in particular solving the velocity ambiguity and filtering any type of clutter, providing a deconvolution method which filter any kind of clutter even varying clutter like sea clutter, rain clutter . . .

Abstract: Offset arrangement for an infrared detector array, which continuously adjusts the offset in a recursive process. With the aid of a displacement device the image observed by the detector array is continuously shifted over a small distance, the apparent intensity changes arising for a pixel being used for adjusting the offset.

Abstract: A radar apparatus provided with a transmitter for periodic transmission of mutually disjunct groups of N radar transmitter pulses and provided with a receiver for the receipt of echo signals of the groups of radar transmitter pulses. The radar apparatus includes a video processor for processing echoes in a listening time observed between two of the mutually disjunct groups of radar transmitter pulses. By choosing a suitable staggering of the pulses in a group, the target range and velocity may be unambiguously determined.

Abstract: A package for a printed circuit and a method for packaging a circuit including exposed components placed on a printed circuit, the circuit including microwave components. At least part of the circuit that contains microwave components is covered with a layer of syntactic foam including a matrix of epoxy resin or cyanate ester, filled with microballoons of glass or a ceramic material. Subsequently, the entire circuit is covered with a moisture-proof top layer.

Abstract: A calculation system for calculating the control signals which are designed to perform a frequency-dependent weighting of the angular velocity signals and the angular position signals. The angular velocity indicators are preferably used for stabilization in a high frequency band while the angular position indicators are suitable for stabilization in a low frequency band. A further calculation system which is designed to perform the frequency-dependent weighting such that the control signals for frequencies below a certain frequency are substantially determined by the angular position signals and the control signals for higher frequencies are substantially determined by the angular velocity signals.

Abstract: This invention proposes an apparatus in order to save screen space and to have a well-organised screen.