Abstract: The invention relates to a method of identifying VDJ recombination products which comprises the use of sequence specific enrichment and specific restriction endonuclease enzymes or other DNA-shearing approaches to provide high resolution and high throughput interrogation of antigen receptor repertoires.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of identifying VDJ recombination products which comprises the use of sequence specific enrichment and specific restriction endonuclease enzymes or other DNA-shearing approaches to provide high resolution and high throughput interrogation of antigen receptor repertoires.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods of enhancing CD8+ T cell mediated immunity (also referred to as “CD8+ T cell immunity”) in a patient having a diseased state. In particular, the present invention provides for the enhanced expression of miR-155 in a population of patient specific T cells through the introduction of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a miR-155 transcript or a nucleic acid molecule encoding a chimeric antigen receptor and a miR-155 transcript into those cells, followed by the reintroduction of the T cells into the patient. The present invention also provides methods of enhancing the expansion of these T cells relative to control cells. Increased expansion of CD8+ T cells following enhanced miR-155 expression is directly related to enhanced CD8+ T cell immunity. The present invention further provides methods of enhancing anti-cancer immunity in a patient through the increased expression of miR-155 in patient specific T cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) modulator useful as a neuroprotective medicament in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, in particular but not exclusively disorders involving axon degeneration of neuronal tissue such as Wallerian degeneration, to the use of NMN as a biomarker for axon degeneration, to a method of demonstrating axon degeneration using an NMN-based biomarker, to a diagnostic kit for detecting axon degeneration, to a method of screening for an NMN modulator, and to an NMN modulator identified using the aforementioned screening method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a protein array (5) on one support surface (3) from a corresponding nucleic acid array on a separate surface (1), to protein arrays produced by the method, to uses of the protein arrays in the identification of interactions between arrayed proteins and other molecules, and to kits for producing said protein arrays.

Abstract: The potential role of so called ‘cell adhesion recognition motifs’ (CARs) in cadherin adhesion has been emphasized. Due to the importance of cadherin binding in biological process, there remains a need to develop effective ways of manipulating cadherin adhesion. According to the present invention, there is provided a pair of cadherin molecules modified to enhance intermolecular adhesion (i.e. adhesion or binding between the pair of cadherin molecules) compared with corresponding unmodified cadherin molecules. Intermolecular adhesion between the cadherin molecules may be enhanced by reducing or eliminating intramolecular binding within each cadherin molecule. For example, intramolecular binding may be reduced or eliminated by diminishing or preventing intramolecular binding of an N-terminal binding strand of each cadherin molecule with a binding strand acceptor pocket of each cadherin molecule.

Abstract: A method for detecting influx of calcium ions into a eukaryotic cell comprising providing a eukaryotic cell having a detectable reporter capable of translocation from the cytosol to associate with the plasma membrane in response to an influx of calcium ions, and, monitoring association of the detectable report with the plasma membrane and/or a decrease in the detectable report in the cytosol. The detectable report is preferably CAPRI or a derivative thereof and is preferably labelled with a fluorescent marker.

Abstract: A genetically modified non-human mammal or cell characterised in that it does not comprise a nucleic acid sequence which itself encodes any endogenous immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region locus polypeptide.

Abstract: A novel protein useful as an anti-inflammatory target is described. Methods of making the protein, and use of the protein in assays for identification of anti-inflammatory agents are described. Methods of making knock-out mice for the gene encoding the protein are also desired.

Abstract: This invention relates to a control region in human immunoglobulins, to parts thereof and to their use.

Abstract: In humans, approximately 60% of expressed immunoglobulin light chains are of the Kappa type and 40% of the Lambda type. In mice, there is almost no expression from the Lambda locus and over 95% of light chains are of Kappa type. The present invention discloses, among other things, transgenic mice carrying most of the human Ig Lambda light chain locus in their genome. The resulting mice express light chains with Kappa/Lambda ratio similar to the human ratio. Breeding of HuIg Lamda mice to Kappa-deficient mice also is described, as well as the generation of human monoclonal antibodies from transgenic mice with human Ig Lambda locus.

Abstract: In humans, approximately 60% of expressed immunoglobulin light chains are of the Kappa type and 40% of the Lambda type. In mice, there is almost no expression from the Lambda locus and over 95% of light chains are of Kappa type. The present invention discloses, among other things, transgenic mice carrying most of the human Ig Lambda light chain locus in their genome. The resulting mice express light chains with Kappa/Lambda ratio similar to the human ratio. Breeding of HuIg Lamda mice to Kappa-deficient mice also is described, as well as the generation of human monoclonal antibodies from transgenic mice with human Ig Lambda locus.

Abstract: A method of selecting and growing pluripotential embryonic stem cells isolated from an ungulate species blastocysts of embryos that develop by way of an embryonic disc is disclosed. The method comprises growing blastocysts in tissue culture growth medium which includes both heat-inactivated new born calf serum and heat-inactivated fetal calf serum; disaggregating the blastocysts either after spontaneous hatching or after mechanical removal of the zone pellucida; growing stem cell colonies from the disaggregated cells in issue culture growth medium; selecting stem cell colonies by morphological characteristics; and growing the selected stem cells in tissue culture growth medium. The cells are round cells, tightly packed with large nuclei in relation to cytoplasm, and fairly prominent nucleoli. They grow in tightly adherent coloedes and as the colonies get larger the cells tend to flatten out in the center of the colony.

Abstract: A method of selecting and growing pluripotential embryonic stem cells isolated from an ungulate species blastocysts of embryos that develop by way of an embryonic disc is disclosed. The method comprises growing blastocysts in tissue culture growth medium which includes both heat-inactivated new born calf serum and heat-inactivated fetal calf serum; disaggregating the blastocysts either after spontaneous hatching or after mechanical removal of the zone pellucida; growing stem cell colonies from the disaggregated cells in issue culture growth medium; selecting stem cell colonies by morphological characteristics; and growing the selected stem cells in tissue culture growth medium. The cells are round cells, tightly packed with large nuclei in relation to cytoplasm, and fairly prominent nucleoli. They grow in tightly adherent coloedes and as the colonies get larger the cells tend to flatten out in the center of the colony.

Abstract: Embryonic stem cells or other cells (not prokaryotic or yeast) that are essentially free of yeast DNA are prepared from suitably marked yeast artificial chromosomes and used to transfer DNA segments of considerable size into organisms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery, identification and characterization of nucleotides that encode the G protein regulated phosphatidylinositol-3' kinase, a heterodimeric enzyme which produces the intracellular messenger phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate in response to activation of trimeric G protein-linked receptors. This novel protein, comprised of a catalytic subunit, p120, and a regulatory subunit, p101, is found in cells of hematopoietic origin and is involved in immune system responses which cause inflammation. The presence of p101 subunit is largely responsible for the dramatic stimulation of kinase activity in the presence of activated trimeric G proteins.

Abstract: Embryonic stem cells that are essentially free of yeast DNA are prepared from suitably marked yeast artificial chromosomes and used to transfer DNA segments of considerable size into organisms.

Abstract: Chimaeric or wholly foreign immunoglobulin is obtained from cells or body fluid of a transgenic animal which has had inserted into its germline genetic material that encodes for at least part of an immunoglobulin, of foreign origin or that can rearrange to encode a repertoire of immunoglobulins, i.e. derived from a different animal source. For example, wholly human immunoglobulins may be produced from a transgenic mouse, possibly in response to an immunogen subsequently introduced to the mouse.