Abstract: A sensor system comprises a first sensor, a second sensor, and circuitry. The first sensor collects non-frozen liquid with a first collection efficiency, but does not collect frozen liquid. The second sensor collects non-frozen liquid with a second collection efficiency and also collects frozen liquid. The first collection efficiency and the second collection efficiency are substantially equivalent. The circuitry maintains the first sensor and the second sensor at a substantially constant temperature. The circuitry determines a measurement of the frozen liquid based on maintaining the first sensor and the second sensor at the substantially constant temperature. In some examples, multiple sensor systems can be used in combination to improve the accuracy of the measurement.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 22, 2004
Date of Patent:
March 20, 2007
Assignees:
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, The Board of Regents of the University & Community College Systems of Nevada on behalf of Desert Research Institute
Abstract: The embodiments of the invention are directed to a new apparatus and method of measuring the water content using time domain reflectometry (TDR), or electrical conductivity in deep soil levels. to. The method uses flat, flexible, waveguides attached to a flexible sleeve filled with a filling material which press the flexible waveguides against an irregularly shaped interior borehole wall.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 8, 2005
Date of Patent:
February 13, 2007
Assignee:
The Board of Regents of University and Community College System of Nevada on Behalf of the Desert Research Institute
Abstract: An apparatus for measuring soil stability of a test surface comprising a housing defining an interior chamber, the housing having an open bottom wherein the housing is configured to be placed over the test surface proximate the open bottom. A means for generating wind shear disposed in the interior chamber, the wind shear generating means configured to generate wind shear proximate the test surface and at least one particle monitor in communication with the interior chamber.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 10, 2004
Date of Patent:
January 2, 2007
Assignee:
The Board of Regents of the University and Community College System of Nevada on behalf of the Desert Research Institute
Inventors:
Vicken Etyemezian, Hampden Dwight Kuhns, Marc Lynn Pitchford, Sean Jason Ahonen, George Nikolich
Abstract: The embodiments of the invention are directed to a new apparatus and method of measuring the water content using time domain reflectometry (TDR), or electrical conductivity in deep soil levels to. The method uses flat, flexible, waveguides attached to a flexible sleeve filled with a filling material which press the flexible waveguides against an irregularly shaped interior borehole wall.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 15, 2002
Date of Patent:
October 18, 2005
Assignee:
The Board of Regents of University and Community College System of Nevada on Behalf of the Desert Research Institute