Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of manipulating particles on solid substrates via optothermally-gated photon nudging.

Abstract: Herein we describe construction of a select agent-excluded B. mallei ?tonB ?hcp1 (CLH001) vaccine strain and demonstrate its ability to protect against acute respiratory glanders. Particularly, CLH001 is shown to be attenuated, safe, and effective at protecting against lethal B. mallei challenge. This strain should be useful in vaccines are for use in humans and animals, e.g., equines, in treating or providing immunoprotection against infections elicited by category B, tier 1 pathogens, in particular Burkholderia mallei (Bm) and B. pseudomallei, the causative agents of human glanders and melioidosis, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Mycobacterium-E. coli shuttle vector containing sequences coding for a tribrid fusion containing the M. leprae 18kDa antigen sequence, a phoA protein antigen sequence and a non-mycobacterial, non-E.coli heterologous protein antigen sequence. Also provided is a method of producing protective immunity in an animal or human host in need of such treatment, comprising the step of administering to said animal or human host an effective dose of recombinant mycobacteria carrying the vector of the present invention.