Abstract: A method and apparatus for storing and updating information in a multicast system is represented by a tree data structure. The method and apparatus defines and populates a set of keys for each node in the tree. The number and content of the set of keys may vary depending on whether a node is an internal node or a leaf node. The method and apparatus can use these keys to update information in some leaves while excluding the information from other leaves. The method and apparatus can analyze the system to determine a minimum number of messages that need to be sent in order to update the information stored in leaves. The method and apparatus then sends the minimum number of messages throughout the system where each message can only be read by a particular subset set of the leaves that have the correct key to read that particular message.

Abstract: A satellite positioning system and method of maintaining the positioning and clock data of a satellite using as few as one or two monitoring stations is disclosed. Each satellite of the positioning system determines its own positioning and clock data relative to other satellites in a constellation. One or more satellite signal monitoring stations receive relative clock and positioning data from a plurality of satellites in the constellation. A constellation solution which is applicable to all of the satellites in the constellation is calculated by treating the constellation as a rigid body at a fixed point in time. The constellation solution is transmitted to a satellite of the constellation which disseminates the solution through a crosslink network within the constellation for use by each satellite to update its individual positioning and clock data as needed.

Abstract: The inventions relate to systems and methods for providing interactive media content with an easy-to-use graphical user interface. The inventions include simplifying improvements to the user interface of a networked system of servers providing advertising, games, internet, video, and other services. Improvements include a plurality of panels for the simultaneous display of a plurality of media, a promotion scheduler for controlling the content of the panels, a simplified means for making purchases, and a simplified means for navigating through layers of multiple options.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cryptosystem. A keystream table [Ks] is a virtual data space. Every data of 1 byte in a secondary ciphertext E2 provides a vector directional component IR. The data Ks (IR) in the keystream table [Ks] designated by the directional component IR of the vector is recognized as the quantitative component of the vector. By handling a secondary ciphertext E2 of 1 byte as the address in the keystream table [Ks], the secondary ciphertext E2 can be recognized as the directional component of the vector. A logical operation for the data Ks (IR) is performed, and the internal vector data V is sequentially replaced every 1 byte. An exclusive OR operation is performed between the internal vector data V and the primary ciphertext E1 for generating a secondary ciphertext E2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a saw blade for use in a jig saw mechanism in which a drive member is caused to reciprocate axially and to reciprocate a saw blade carried by one end only thereof on said drive member, which saw blade comprises:a. an axially elongated generally rod-like blade member having a grit edge cutting surface thereto, one end of said blade member being secured into a blade mounting member;b. a blade mounting member comprising an axial socket into which the end of the blade member is secured; andc. a securing member extending axially from the said mounting member and adapted to be secured to the reciprocating drive member of a jig saw mechanism.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for brazing refractory particles, notably tungsten carbide grits, onto a substrate such as a tool blank to provide an armor coating or a cutting edge thereon, which process comprises applying to the substrate a brazing material, a particulate refractory material to be brazed onto the substrate and a binder composition; and connecting the substrate to a source of an electric current to cause the current to flow through the substrate whereby the substrate is heated to sufficient temperature to cause the brazing material to fuse. The invention also provides apparatus for carrying out the invention.