Abstract: An amorphous carbon having sulfonate group introduced therein is provided which is characterized in that chemical shifts of a condensed aromatic carbon 6-membered ring and a condensed aromatic carbon 6-membered ring having sulfonate group bonded thereto are detected in a 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and that at least a diffraction peak of carbon (002) face whose half-value width (2?) is in the range of 5 to 30° is detected in powder X-ray diffractometry, and which exhibits proton conductivity. This sulfonated amorphous carbon is very useful as a proton conductor material or solid acid catalyst because it excels in proton conductivity, acid catalytic activity, thermal stability and chemical stability and can be produced at low cost.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 8, 2004
Publication date:
September 18, 2008
Applicant:
The Circle For The Promotion Of Science And Engine ering
Abstract: The present invention provides a movement decision method for determining direction and distance of one-dimensional movement of image capturing object or image capturing element for capturing two-dimensional sub-pixel motion image suitable for super-resolution processing, and an image capturing device using this movement decision method.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 12, 2005
Publication date:
February 15, 2007
Applicant:
THE CIRCLE FOR THE PROMOTION OF SCIENCE AND ENGINE