Abstract: A substrate processing method includes a liquid film forming step of forming a liquid film of the low surface tension liquid, an opening-forming step of forming an opening in the center region of the liquid film, a liquid film removal step of removing the liquid film from the upper surface of the substrate by widening the opening, a low surface tension liquid supply step of supplying a low surface tension liquid toward a first liquid landing point which is set on the outside of the opening, a hydrophobic agent supply step of supplying a hydrophobic agent toward a second liquid landing point which is set on the outside of the opening and further from the opening than the first liquid landing point, and a liquid landing point moving step of moving the first liquid landing point and the second liquid landing point so as to follow widening of the opening.

Abstract: A manipulation rope having an excellent torque transmittability is provided. A manipulation rope is a rope that is advantageously used as a manipulation rope for a medical instrument, and includes a side wire or a side strand which is an outermost layer, the side wire or the side strand having a forming rate that is greater than 100% and not greater than 110%. The side wire or the side strand having been formed has a spiral shape in which a flatness that is an aspect ratio obtained by a major axis being divided by a minor axis is preferably not less than 1.01 and preferably not greater than 1.10. Further, an elongation of the rope at a time when a tensile load that is 1.0% of a breaking load is applied, is preferably not less than 0.04% and preferably not greater than 0.10%.

Abstract: A method of generating an image that shows an embroidery area in an embroidery frame for computerized embroidery includes: acquiring a first image of a calibration board that has multiple feature points forming a contour approximating an embroidery area defined by the embroidery frame; identifying the feature points of the calibration board in the first image to acquire multiple graphical feature points; acquiring a geometric curved surface that fits the graphical feature points and that includes multiple curved surface points; acquiring a second image in which the embroidery area of the embroidery frame is shown; and performing image correction on the second image based on the geometric curved surface to generate a corrected image.

Abstract: A metal-air battery includes a battery cell module which generates electricity through metal oxidation and oxygen reduction, a buffer tank which fluidly communicates with the battery cell module and has an internal pressure higher than an internal pressure of the battery cell module, and a first fluid intermittent portion which controls a flow of fluid from the battery cell module to an outside of the battery cell module, based on predetermined open and close periods.

Abstract: In the vehicle structure for mounting an air-cooled internal combustion engine, a crankcase is supported by a body frame in such a manner that crankcase hanger bosses on the crankcase are joined to the body frame via crankcase hanger plates. A cylinder head has left and right cylinder head hanger seating surfaces formed perpendicular to a left-right horizontal direction by cutting out right and left symmetric areas close to side edges of left and right side faces of the cylinder head along with parts of cooling fins. One ends of left and right cylinder head hanger members are fastened respectively to cylinder head hanger attaching seats on which the left and right cylinder head hanger seating surfaces of the cylinder head are formed. The other ends of the left and right cylinder head hanger members are fastened individually to the body frame. The structure is capable of using an engine body itself to improve stiffness of a body frame without use of any particular reinforcing members.

Abstract: A planetary gear mechanism includes a plurality of planetary gear units each including a sun gear member to be rotationally driven by a driving source, an internal gear member, planetary gear members, and a carrier member, and a case body that internally houses the planetary gear units and includes an inner circumferential surface to be brought into surface contact with outer circumferential surfaces of the internal gear members. Engagement portions having concave shapes or convex shapes that can be fitted to convex shapes or concave shapes formed in the outer circumferential surfaces of the internal gear members are formed in the inner circumferential surface of the case body. The engagement portions are engaged with the convex shapes provided in the outer circumferential surfaces of the internal gear members, from an opposite direction to a rotating direction of the carrier members, to thereby inhibit the internal gear members from rotating.

Abstract: An interlayer film for laminated glass includes first, second, and third layers containing a thermoplastic resin and a plasticizer. The cloud point of the first layer is lower than both the cloud point of the second layer and the cloud point of the third layer. Both the absolute value XA of a difference between the cloud point of the first layer and the cloud point of the second layer and the absolute value XB of a difference between the cloud point of the first layer and the cloud point of the third layer are 118° C. or more, and when a content of the plasticizer in the interlayer film for laminated glass relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin in the interlayer film for laminated glass is defined as Y, Y??0.16 XA+60 and Y??0.16XB+60.

Abstract: A bicycle pedal structure includes a pedal body having an axle bore; an axle member axially passing through the pedal body and rotatably combined with the pedal body, with the connection portion of the axle member combined with a crank of a bicycle; and an end cap having a combination portion which is removably combined with another combination of the axle member. The combination bore of the end cap is allowed to be combined with a corresponding tool for driving the axle member to rotate. With such a removable end cap, the replacement of the end cap and pedal components is facilitated.

Abstract: Disclosed are semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same. The method comprises forming an active structure including a plurality of active patterns, a device isolation layer defining the active patterns, and a gate structure across the active patterns and extending in a first direction, forming a first mask pattern on the active structure, and forming a trench by using the first mask pattern as an etching mask to pattern the active structure. Forming the first mask pattern comprises forming in a first mask layer a plurality of first openings extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and forming in the first mask layer a plurality of second openings extending in a third direction intersecting the first and second directions.

Abstract: A movement member which reciprocates includes a thick portion and a thin portion, a bearing portion formed in the thick portion is slidingly supported by the guide shaft, and a sliding portion formed in the thin portion is slidingly guided by the sliding guide portion. Power of the motor is transmitted to a pinion gear via a speed reduction gear and a speed reduction mechanism inside a gear box, and a movement reaction force is applied from the pinion gear to the rack portion. Since the rack portion is positioned on an axis Os, a force is effectively applied to the movement member by the power from the motor.

Abstract: A vehicle body structure comprising a cowl top garnish arranged along a windshield, wherein the cowl top garnish comprises an upper portion extending along the windshield, a side portion extending downward from an end portion of the upper portion in a vehicle width direction, and a drain recessed downward along an end portion of the upper portion on a front side of a vehicle body and extending in the vehicle width direction, the drain comprises an open end at an end portion in the vehicle width direction, and the side portion comprises a drain rib extending from the open end in rear and lower directions of the vehicle body.

Abstract: A device using parity for verification of data transmitted from a first device through a data line to a second device includes a processor and a memory. The data line includes first to fourth pins for transmitting data and fifth to eighth pins for transmitting parity information. The processor receives values of first to eighth pins, calculates sum of the values of combinations of the first to fourth pins for data and applies modular operations on results of the four combinations. Equality or non-equality with the parity values of the fifth to eighth pins is determined, and the second device is permitted to receive the data when the results correspond, the modular operation being a (mod 2) operation. A method applied to such device is also disclosed.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a housing, a heat exchanger arranged to exchange heat with air flowing into the housing, a blower fan arranged inside the housing for discharging air that has exchanged heat with the heat exchanger to the outside and a discharging plate having an opening formed to discharge air blown from the blower fan out of the housing, and a plurality of discharging holes formed to discharge air to surroundings of the opening, wherein the discharging plate is arranged to discharge the air that has exchanged heat by the heat exchanger out of the housing, and wherein the discharging plate is made of metal. By such configuration, air conditioner increase user satisfaction.

Abstract: There are provided an ultrasonic imaging apparatus, an ultrasonic probe apparatus, a signal processing apparatus, and a method for controlling an ultrasonic imaging apparatus. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus may include at least one first ultrasound element installed in a first ultrasound element installation unit; at least one second ultrasound element installed in a second ultrasound element installation unit that is separate from the first ultrasound element installation unit and such that the second ultrasound element forms a gap with the first ultrasound element; and a processor configured to estimate one or two or more virtual ultrasound signals that correspond to the gap based on a first ultrasound signal output from the at least one first ultrasound element and a second ultrasound signal output from the at least one second ultrasound element.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and device for beamforming, for use in performing beamforming by means of combining location information of a user equipment, thus ensuring improved broadcast beam coverage performance, and preventing the problem of large power loss resulting from an insufficient broadcasting beamforming weight amplitude value being employed to ensure all coverage ranges in a cell. Provided in the present application, the method for beamforming comprises: determining location information of a user equipment, and performing beamforming on the basis of the location information of the user equipment.