Abstract: Stress cracking in poly(alkylene terephthalate) articles of manufacture is prevented by applying to the article a hydrophilic-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon having either an alkyl or aryl side chain, such as, sodium xylene sulfonate. Preferably, the stress crack inhibitor is applied to the article in the form of an aqueous fatty acid-based lubricant.

Abstract: The present invention includes a system for storing and transporting a liquid in which a series of tank cars each have a hollow tank body with an inlet and an outlet supported on a frame with a plurality of wheels on the frame. These cars are connected together with a sealable male fitting and female fitting which interengage to allow fluid flow between the cars. Using this valve arrangement, a series of cars hooked together may be filled from a single fill point or station. A method of storing and transporting a liquid involving these storage cars is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for de-gelling a liquid mixture in accordance with the present invention includes a device interposed in the flow of the solution for agitating the solution, the agitation sufficient to substantially de-gel the solution. The device for agitating may include a valve which has a chattering motion on opening and closing to agitate the solution; a bead chamber containing closely packed beads through which the solution must pass to reach an outlet, or both the valve and bead chamber.

Abstract: Highly alkaline detergent compositions are prepared by mixing together, in a mixing device, a melt of alkaline material with a hardness sequestering agent, such as an alkali metal complex phosphate sequestrant. The resulting mixture is, then, pelletized on a chill belt. A source of solid active chlorine pellets is combined with the pelletized mixture. Chlorine degradation is essentially eliminated by combining the alkaline material pellets with the pelletized chlorine source.

Abstract: A conveyor lubricant concentrate for the purpose of lubricating conveyors which includes an alkyl amine solubilizer for solubilizing fatty acids in solution.

Abstract: A synergistic aqueous lubricant composition which comprises one or more carboxylated surfactants and one or more non-carboxylated surfactants in combination with a soap lubricant.

Abstract: A system for cleaning cone/shake makers in place. Cone/shake makers have at least one freezer for making ice cream cones or milk shakes. Each freezer has a product inlet, a product pump for pumping product from the inlet into the freezer, and at least one draw valve for dispensing the product in the freezer. The cleaning system has a mixing tank for mixing water with a cleansing chemical, the mixing tank having a capacity of less than one-fourth the volume of the water and cleansing chemical mixture to be used while cleaning a cone/shake maker. The system controllably provides the cleansing chemical to the mixing tank at a rate corresponding to the rate at which water flow into the mixing tank, thereby making a cleansing chemical solution of predefined concentration on the fly as the mixture is being used to clean the cone/shake maker.

Abstract: A stable detergent emulsion composed of:(a) a free nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkylene oxide adducts of polyhydric compounds, alkyl aryl ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates and mixtures thereof;(b) a polymeric emulsion stabilizer for the free nonionic surfactant, wherein the polymeric emulsion stabilizer is the reaction product of a reactant compound selected from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof polymerized in the presence of a water-soluble nonionic surfactant; and(c) water.

Abstract: Highly alkaline detergent compositions are prepared by mixing together, in a mixing device, a melt of alkaline material with a heat-alkaline sensitive material, such as, an alkali metal complex phosphate sequestrant and/or an active-chlorine source. The resulting mixture is, then, pelletized on a chill belt. Because of the short contact time between the molten alkaline material and the sequestrant and the rapid solidification, reversion of the sequestrant, particularly, a phosphate sequestrant, is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A composition characterized in that it comprises one or more interhalogens or sources thereof and one or more acids or sources thereof which are not appreciably oxidized by the interhalogen(s) is disclosed.When diluted with water to in-use solution strength, such may be used in an ambient cleaning and/or disinfecting process in accordance with the present invention particularly for milk- or food-handling equipment.

Abstract: A product comprising a container having a closed top, side wall and open mouth bottom; a removable lid closing the container open mouth bottom; an opening in the container top; a tab removably closing the opening in the container top; and a solid detergent composition in the container having a shape conforming to the internal volume defined by the container top and a substantial height of the side wall extending downwardly from the top.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for and a method of treating a plurality of zones of a processing line with a liquid, the liquid comprising a treatment liquid and a carrier liquid, wherein the treatment liquid is introduced into pipes conveying the carrier liquid to each zone as discrete slugs, and wherein the volume of each slug is selectively variable or wherein each slug may be introduced into the pipes at a selectively variable frequency. Preferably the treatment liquid is applied to all zones from a single source, and the slugs, upon discharge at least at one zone, remain substantially concentrated. The invention particularly concerns the lubricating of conveyors as in bottling lines.

Abstract: Liquid and solid compositions are provided for souring and imparting softness to freshly laundered textile materials. When in the form of a stable homogeneous liquid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide, an aqueous emulsion of partially oxidized polyethylene or a fatty amphoteric compound as the softening agent, (b) hydrofluorosilicic acid, ammonium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, potassium acid fluoride, or orthophosphoric acid as the souring agent, and (c) water. When in the form of a stable dry solid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide or fatty amphoteric compound as the softening agent, and (b) ammonium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, sodium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, sodium acid fluoride or potassium acid fluoride. A method of preparing the liquid composition is provided which insures that it remains stable and homogeneous while awaiting use.

Abstract: Returnable glass bottles, particularly beverage bottles, having a natural glass surface, unmodified by a hot end process coating, having a quick curing thin coating of an amino functional polydimethylsiloxane, which does not visually change the appearance of the bottles applied to the exterior surface to increase lubricity and scratch resistance to said bottles. The coating is removable when the bottles are washed with an aqueous caustic solution. A new one-trip coating can then be applied.

Abstract: A filter device for use in a pipeline flow system used in particular, but not essentially in milking installations comprises a filter housing (4,5) containing a plurality of filter elements (1a,1b,1c etc) of decreasing size in the flow direction for successively filtering and particles of decreasing size. Each filter element comprises a first filter mesh (1) and a second and coarser filter mesh (2) serving a support mesh positioned on the downstream side of each filter element. The support meshes are all coarser than the coarsest filter mesh. Such an arrangement is readily dismantable for cleaning, is resistant to the usual pressures in pipeline flow systems so that filter meshes as fine as 50.mu. do not rupture and permits a high liquid throughput especially when woven plastics filament meshes are employed.

Abstract: A method of chemically milling metal and particularly for chemically milling titanium and titanium alloys which comprises subjecting these metals to the action of an aqueous acidic medium containing ammonium bifluoride and a source of nitrate ions.

Abstract: Natural and synthetic textile materials and blends thereof are disclosed containing at least one water-soluble, neutral alkanolamine, ammonium or mixed alkanolamine and ammonium salt of a phosphoric acid wherein said acid is selected from the group consisting of orthophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid. Polyester-cotton fabrics are rendered antistatic by treatment with these ionic bonded salts in the proportion of about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight based on the weight of the textile fabric.

Abstract: The inclusion of neodecanoic acid in aqueous water-soluble soap lubricants reduces viscosity, and improves lubricity effectiveness.

Abstract: This invention relates to defoamed compositions and processes for inhibiting foaming in a liquid system containing water. Maleic ester copolymers in admixture with a mineral oil are particularly useful in pulp and paper manufacturing applications. The defoamers of the invention are compositions comprising mineral oil and a polymer which is an alkyl ester of the reaction product of a maleic compound and a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith.