Abstract: An image display element comprises a multilayer film optical filter in which layers of two or more types of materials which reflect or transmit therethrough light of a specific color and have different refractive indexs are alternately superimposed or stacked. The multilayer film optical filter is shaped like a fine particle. The multilayer film optical filter is, for example, a non-light-absorbing interference type color filter which reflects light having a predetermined color and transmits a complementary color of the predetermined color therethrough. Further, multilayer film optical filter is a dielectric multilayer film, a transparent resin multilayer film or a glass multilayer film.

Abstract: An optical resonator including a lower multilayer reflector and an upper multilayer reflector is arranged on a substrate. A strained active layer having a multiple quantum well structure formed with a quantum well layer and a barrier layer is arranged in the resonator. A current confinement layer including a selectively oxidized portion is arranged on an upper side of the strained active layer. The current confinement layer is arranged at a position where a strain in the selectively oxidized portion influences the strained active layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical amplifying apparatus having: a CPU 11 for processing various signals; a plurality of circuits 17, 18 for controlling respective devices 4, 9 required for optical amplification; a first storing unit 14 for storing a program supplied from a user a gate array 12 for storing various parameters for controlling the devices 4, 9, the gate array being updated based on the program which is stored in the first storing unit 14 and sent via the CPU 11; a latch unit 13, provided between the gate array 12 and the circuits 17, 18, for interrupting a signal path from the gate array 12 to the circuits 17, 18 after receiving a starting signal of an update from the CPU 11 until the update being finished and for controlling the circuits 17, 18 based on the parameters stored in the gate array 12 before the signal path is interrupted; and a second storing unit 16 for, at least during the update, storing the various parameters which are stored in the gate array 12 before the update.

Abstract: A selective oxidation layer is formed by alternately growing an AlAs layer and an XAs layer containing a group III element X with a thickness ratio in a range between 97:3 and 99:1 on a plurality of semiconductor layers including an active layer. The selective oxidation layer is selectively oxidized to manufacture a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser.

Abstract: A method for detecting SOC and SOH of a storage battery includes: calculating an SOC value of the storage battery with use of an SOC calculation unit based on a measured voltage value or a measured current value of the storage battery and calculating an SOH value of the storage battery with use of an SOH calculation unit based on the SOC value; further calculating a new SOC value with use of the SOC calculation unit based on the SOH value and calculating a new SOH value with use of the SOH calculation unit based on the new SOC value, these further calculations of SOC value and SOH value being repeated a prescribed n times of at least one so as to obtain an nth calculated SOC value and an nth calculated SOH value; outputting the nth calculated SOH value as an SOH output value and outputting the nth calculated SOH value as an SOC output value; and storing the SOH output value into a memory.

Abstract: A dehydration-sintering furnace includes a muffle tube that accommodates therein the porous preform, a heater that heats the porous preform from outside of the muffle tube, a furnace body that accommodates the heater at an outer periphery of the muffle tube. When a gas required for dehydrating and sintering the porous preform is supplied in the muffle tube, and a pressure in the muffle tube is measured, an average value of the pressure in the muffle tube P0 and a standard deviation of the pressure in the muffle tube ?0 are controlled to satisfy a relation P0?3×?0>0.

Abstract: A cooling system for a superconducting power apparatus including a reservoir tank for reserving a liquefied gas, a circulating pump, a heat exchanger for cooling the liquefied gas, and a circulation loop through which the liquefied gas is circulated, the superconducting power apparatus being cooled by circulating the liquefied gas in a subcooled state using the circulating pump. The cooling system further includes a pressurizing mechanism for pressurizing the liquefied gas in the reservoir tank with the same type of gas as the liquefied gas, wherein a liquid level in the reservoir tank for reserving the liquefied gas in a pressurized state is located above an outlet of a return piping of a circulating liquefied gas at least by a dissolving depth of the pressurizing gas+(plus) a liquid level movement correction amount.

Abstract: A VCSEL device includes a polyimide having a larger thickness (d1) on the surface of a semiconductor layer structure in a peripheral area 54, which is separated from a mesapost by an annular groove 52. The top surface of the central mesapost 30 is located at a lower position compared to the top surface of the peripheral area 54. A structure is obtained wherein the mesapost is not contacted by a jig or probe during handling the device in the test or assembly thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing an oxygen-free copper wire material, containing: continuously guiding a molten copper obtained by melting electric copper, into a tundish through a conduit; injecting the molten copper in the tundish, into a rotational movable mold; cooling and solidifying the molten copper, to form an ingot; and continuously drawing the ingot out of the mold, followed by continuous rolling; the method further containing: allowing the molten copper in the conduit to react with a solid reducing agent, under blowing an inert gas thereinto; allowing the molten copper in the tundish to react with a solid reducing agent, under blowing an inert gas thereinto; and adding a phosphorus compound to the molten copper, so that the phosphorus content in the ingot would be from 1 to 10 ppm; and controlling the temperature of the molten copper in the tundish from 1,085 to 1,100° C.

Abstract: The present invention enables reduction of the temperature dependence of the light transmission center wavelength of the arrayed waveguide grating. Provided is an arrayed waveguide grating having optical input waveguides 2, a first slab waveguide 3, an arrayed waveguide comprising plural waveguides of mutually-different lengths, a second slab waveguide 5 and plural optical output waveguides 6. The first slab waveguide 3 is divided along division surfaces 8 crossing the light path into divided slab waveguides 3a and 3b. The divided slab waveguide 3a is temperature-dependently moved along the division surfaces by sliding members 7a, 7b and 7c which are formed of members exhibiting different expansion/contraction corresponding to temperature change. The sliding members 7a, 7b and 7c are configured to move the divided slab waveguide 3a in their respective mutually-different temperature ranges in the operating temperature range of the arrayed waveguide grating.

Abstract: A joint connector according to the present invention is provided with a circuit board, a male connector having male terminals provided on the circuit board at a predetermined interval and standing in one direction and a direction that crosses the one direction, the male terminals being selectively connected by a copper foil circuit, and a female connector in which female connector elements each having female terminals inserted and interlocked in female terminal holders are stacked, wherein the male connector and the female connector are fit to each other. This achieves cost reduction and improvement in work efficiency in electric wire connection by attaining easy electric wire connection and branching.

Abstract: An aluminum conducting wire, containing a stranded conductor that is formed by stranding solid conductors of an aluminum alloy, in which the aluminum alloy comprises 0.1 to 1.0 mass % of Fe, 0.05 to 0.5 mass % of Cu, and 0.05 to 0.4 mass % of Mg, in which the total amount of Cu and Mg is 0.3 to 0.8 mass %, with the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities, and a solid conductor of an aluminum alloy for the aluminum conducting wire.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thin-film circuit substrate, containing: (a) gouging a surface of a circuit substrate in a depth at least approximately equal to a thickness of a final product of the substrate, to form a section to be formed a penetrating section; (b) providing a protecting adhesive tape to adhere to the gouged surface of the substrate, before a backing surface of the substrate is ground; (c) grinding the backing surface in such a thickness that the gouged section would not penetrate; (d) dry etching entirely the backing surface, while the tape adheres to the substrate, after completion of the grinding for the backing surface; and (e) making the gouged section of the substrate to penetrate, by the dry etching, thereby forming the penetrating structure section; and, a protecting adhesive tape usable in the method.

Abstract: A concentric stranded conductor having a concentric strand having multiple strands. Each strand has multiple single wires. The concentric stranded conductor has a central core strand (5) and a first concentric strand layer (11) having multiple first-layer strands (9) twisted around the central core strand. The twist pitch of the central core strand is from 8 to 70 times the distance between diametrically opposed outer wires of the central core strand, the twist pitch of the first concentric strand layer is from 8 to 30 times the distance between diametrically opposed strands of the first concentric strand layer. |??(?+?)| is 15 degrees or less, where ? is the twist angle of the central core strand and ? and ? are the twist angles of the first-layer strands and first concentric strand layer, and the single wires are made of an aluminum or aluminum alloy to have elongation of 2% or more.

Abstract: An optical component provided with a waveguide groove having, an waveguide holding plane having a surface shape extending along a specified axial direction and capable of holding at least one optical waveguide while positioning it at at least a part of at least one side face thereof; and an opening extending substantially oppositely to the waveguide holding plane and being smaller in width than the outside diameter of at least one optical waveguide in a specified widthwise direction perpendicular to the specified axial direction.

Abstract: A multi-frequency light producing method and apparatus multiplies the number of optical channels present in an incident wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signal light source by four-wave mixing (FWM) the WDM signal with at least one pump lightwave at least one time. By FWM the WDM light and a pump lightwave multiple times, wherein each FWM process is executed with a pump lightwave having a different frequency, either in series or parallel, the number of optical channels produced as a result of FWM effectively increases the number of optical channels present in addition to those from the WDM signal. The light producing method and apparatus can be employed in a telecommunications system as a an inexpensive light source producing a plurality of optical frequencies.

Abstract: A method of aligning an optical fiber according to the present invention has a first step of aligning an optical fiber by moving the optical fiber and finding a position that maximizes the power of beam outputted from the optical fiber with the use of a power meter, and a second step of moving and aligning the optical fiber in the optical axis direction (direction Z) from the position in which the optical fiber has been as a result of the alignment in the first step in a manner that makes the degree of polarization of two laser beams K1 and K2 equal to or lower than a given level with the use of a polarimeter.

Abstract: There are provided an optical fiber ribbon and optical fiber cable which suppress the deterioration of polarization mode dispersion and contribute to the increase of communication capacity in wavelength division multiplexing. An optical fiber ribbon includes a plurality of optical fibers 12 tied in a bundle and a ribbon coating layer 13 formed around the plurality of optical fibers to integrate the plurality of optical fibers, wherein the glass-transition temperature of the coating ranges from 80° C. to 130° C. and “a” is 0.01 mm2 or less, where “a” is a sectional area of the ribbon coating layer 13 in a cross section in which outer half of the optical fiber at an edge of the ribbon and the coating of the optical fiber ribbon are taken along a line passing the center of the glass optical fiber positioned at one of edges of the ribbon out of the plurality of the optical fibers and being perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the optical fiber ribbon.

Abstract: A terminal connector catch jig to fix a terminal connector included in a wire harness terminal. On a placing table on which the terminal connector is set, in opposition to a connection surface of a wire in the terminal connector, a comb-teeth portion constituted by a plurality of rod-like members uprightly arranged at intervals in each of which the wire can be inserted and a connector fixing portion which holds and fixes the terminal connector between the comb-teeth portion and the connector fixing portion are arranged.

Abstract: Other end of a built-in optical fiber of a ferrule with one end of the built-in optical fiber matched with a splicing end surface and other end of the built-in optical fiber protruded from an end portion opposite to the splicing end surface and one end of a splicing optical fiber to be spliced are placed is fusion-sliced with the one end of the splicing optical fiber. After that, the ferrule is held by inserting a cylindrical portion of the ferrule into a holding unit of a ferrule holder from the splicing end surface. The ferrule is transferred while holding a stem extended on an opposite side of the holding unit of the ferrule holder and the splicing optical fiber.