Abstract: Bis{[1-(2-A-2-B)ethenyl]} [2-R.sup.2 -4-X-phenyl- or 1-(2-R.sup.2 -4-X-phenyl) ethenyl]methanes useful as color formers, particularly in transfer imaging, pressure sensitive and thermal-responsive carbonless duplicating systems, are prepared by the interaction of two molecular proportions of the corresponding 1-A-1-B-ethene with the appropriate 2-R.sup.2 -4-X-phenyl-(CH.dbd.CH).sub.n --CHO presence of an acidic catalyst.

Abstract: 3-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)-3-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)-X-phthalides, 7-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)-7-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)furo[3,4b]-pyridine-5-(7H)-ones and 5-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)-5-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)furo[3,4b]-pyridine-7(5H)-ones are useful as color formers in transfer imaging systems, pressure-sensitive carbonless duplicating systems and thermal-responsive marking systems. The phthalides are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 2-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)carbonyl-X-benzoic acid with the corresponding 3-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aniline or the interaction of the corresponding 2-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)carbonyl-X-benzoic acid with the corresponding 1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indole. The furopyridines are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 2/3-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)carbonylpyridine-3/2-carboxylic acid with the corresponding 3-R.sup.

Abstract: Process comprises the combination of the three steps of condensing 3-N(R).sub.2 -4-X-benzoic acid with an aromatic or heterocyclic aldehyde, Y-CHO, under acidic conditions to produce 3-Y-5-X-6-N(R).sub.2 phthalide (II), condensing said phthalide with a compound of the formula Z-H under alkaline or acid conditions to produce 2-(.alpha.-Y-.alpha.-Z)methyl-4-X-5-N(R).sub.2 benzoic acid (III), and oxidizing said benzoic acid to produce 3-Y-3-Z-5-X-6-N(R).sub.2 phthalide (I) where: R is hydrogen, non-tertiary alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, benzyl or substituted benzyl; X is hydrogen or halo; Y is 4-R.sup.1 -3-R.sup.2 -2-R.sup.1 -phenyl, 1-R.sup.5 -2-R.sup.6 -5/6-R.sup.4 -3-indolyl, 9-R.sup.7 -3-carbazolyl, 9-julolidinyl, 3,4-dioxymethylenephenyl, 2-thienyl, 1-R.sup.8 -2-pyrrolyl, or 4-pyridinyl; and Z is 4-R.sup.1 -3-R.sup.2 -2-R.sup.1 -phenyl, 1-R.sup.5 -2-R.sup.6 -5/6-R.sup.4 -3-indolyl or 1-R.sup.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for the preparation of both known and novel [bis(substituted-aryl) (indolyl)]methanes and [(substituted-aryl) (heteryl) (indolyl)]methanes, useful as color formers, particularly in carbonless duplicating and thermal marking systems, which comprises the interaction of [bis(substituted-aryl) (phenylsulfonyl)]methanes and [(substituted-aryl) (heteryl) (phenylsulfonyl)]methanes with indoles in the presence of either an alkaline or an acidic catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to 3-aryl or heteroaryl-3-alkoxy, phenoxy-, alkylthio- or phenylthiophthalides useful as color formers, particularly in carbonless duplicating and thermal marking systems, which are prepared by the interaction of 2-(disubstituted amino)phenylcarbonylbenzoic acids with an acid chloride or an anhydride of an alkanoic acid in the first step and a further reaction of the product of the first step with an alcohol, a thioalcohol, a phenol or a thiophenol in a second step.

Abstract: Physiologically acceptable cation salts of (2-alkoxy-4-sulfonyl-5-alkylphenyl)azo-1-hydroxynaphthalene sulfonic acids useful as blue-red colorants for textile fabrics, cellulosic fibers and edible compositions are prepared by diazotizing 2-alkoxy-4-sulfonyl-5-alkylanilines and coupling the resulting diazo compounds to a 1-hydroxynaphthalene mono- or disulfonic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to 3-aryl or heteroaryl-3-alkoxy, phenoxy-, alkylthio- or phenylthiophthalides useful as color formers, particularly in carbonless duplicating and thermal marking systems, which are prepared by the interaction of 2-(disubstituted amino)phenylcarbonylbenzoic acids with an acid chloride or an anhydride of an alkanoic acid in the first step and a further reaction of the product of the first step with an alcohol, a thioalcohol, a phenol or a thiophenol in a second step.

Abstract: 3-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)-3-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)-X-phthalides, 7-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)-7-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)furo[3,4b]-pyridine-5(7H)-ones and 5-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)-5-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)furo[3,4b]-pyridine-7(5H)-ones are useful as color formers in transfer imaging systems, pressure-sensitive carbonless duplicating systems and thermal-responsive marking systems. The phthalides are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 2-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)carbonyl-X-benzoic acid with the corresponding 3-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aniline or the interaction of the corresponding 2-(2-R.sup.2 -4-N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -aminophenyl)carbonyl-X-benzoic acid with the corresponding 1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indole. The furopyridines are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 2/3-(1-R-2-R.sup.1 -5/6-Y-indol-3-yl)carbonylpyridine-3/2-carboxylic acid with the corresponding 3-R.sup.

Abstract: A method for sanitizing flush toilets wherein a sanitizing agent and a triphenylmethane dyestuff are dispensed separately from a dual dispensing means into the toilet flush water. The dyestuff is resistant to attack by the sanitizing agent and therefore provides an aesthetically pleasing color to the water remaining in the bowl during the time period between flushes.

Abstract: 3-[(Alkoxy)(aryl or heteroaryl)methyl]-1H-indoles which are useful as color formers in pressure-sensitive carbonless duplicating systems and thermal marking systems are prepared by reacting 3-[(arylsulfonyl)(aryl or heteroaryl)methyl]-1H-indoles with alcohols in the presence of a base.

Abstract: 5-[N-(RCO)-N-R.sup.1 -amino] or (RCOO)-9-(N-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -amino)-12-(RCO)benzo[a]phenoxazines useful as color formers, particularly in electrochromic recording systems, are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 5-(N-R.sup.1 -amino)-9-(N-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -amino)benzo[a]phenoxazinium halide or 9-(N-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -amino)benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one with a reducing agent to obtain the corresponding leuco compound and subsequently interacting the leuco compound with at least two molecular proportions of an acylating agent.

Abstract: 4-(N-Acylamino)-8-(N-R.sup.1 -N-R.sup.2 -amino)imidazophenoxazines useful as color formers, particularly in electrochromic recording systems, are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 1,3-diamino-7-(N-R.sup.1 -N-R.sup.2 -amino)phenooxazinium halide with a reducing agent to obtain the corresponding leuco compound and subsequently interacting the leuco compound with at least two molecular proportions of an acylating agent.

Abstract: 3-(R-Carbonyloxy)-7-(N-R.sup.1 -N-R.sup.2 -amino)-10-(RCO)-phenothiazines useful as color formers, particularly in electrochromic recording systems, are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 7-(N-R.sup.1 -N-R.sup.2 -amino)phenothiazin-3-one with a reducing agent to obtain the corresponding leuco compound and subsequently interacting the leuco compound with about two molecular proportions of an acylating agent.

Abstract: Process comprises the combination of the three steps of condensing 3-N(R).sub.2 -4-X-benzoic acid with an aromatic or heterocyclic aldehyde, Y-CHO, under acidic conditions to produce 3-Y-5-X-6-N(R).sub.2 phthalide (II), condensing said phthalide with a compound of the formula Z-H under alkaline or acid conditions to produce 2-(.alpha.-Y-.alpha.-Z)methyl-4-X-5-N(R).sub.2 benzoic acid (III), and oxidizing said benzoic acid to produce 3-Y-3-Z-5-X-6-N(R).sub.2 phthalide (I) where: R is hydrogen, non-tertiary alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, benzyl or substituted benzyl; X is hydrogen or halo; Y is 4-R.sup.1 -3-R.sup.2 -2-R.sup.1 -phenyl, 1-R.sup.5 -2-R.sup.6 -5/6-R.sup.4 -3-indolyl, 9-R.sup.7 -3-carbazolyl, 9-julolidinyl, 3,4-dioxymethylenephenyl, 2-thienyl, 1-R.sup.8 -2-pyrrolyl, or 4-pyridinyl; and Z is 4-R.sup.1 -3-R.sup.2 -2-R.sup.1 -phenyl, 1-R.sup.5 -2-R.sup.6 -5/6-R.sup.4 -3-indolyl or 1-R.sup.

Abstract: A method for sanitizing flush toilets wherein a sanitizing agent and a triphenylmethane dyestuff are dispensed into the toilet flush water. The dyestuff is resistant to attack by the sanitizing and therefore provides an aesthetically pleasing color to the water remaining in the bowl during the time period between flushes.

Abstract: 5-[N-(RCO)-N-R.sup.1 -amino] or (RCOO)-9-(N-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -amino)-12-(RCO)benzo[a]phenoxazines useful as color formers, particularly in electrochromic recording systems, are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 5-(N-R.sup.1 -amino)-9-(N-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -amino)benzo[a]phenoxazinium halide or 9-(N-R.sup.2 -N-R.sup.3 -amino)benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one with a reducing agent to obtain the corresponding leuco compound and subsequently interacting the leuco compound with at least two molecular proportions of an acylating agent.

Abstract: The disodium salt of 1-[(6-methoxy-4-sulfo-3-methylphenyl)azo]-2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid (FD and C Red 40), the disodium salt of 1-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid (FD and C Yellow 6), the trisodium salt of 1-[1-(4-sulfonaphthyl)azo]-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid (FD and C Red 2), the disodium salt of 2-[1-(4-sulfonaphthyl)azo]-1-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid (Carmoisine) and the sodium salt of 2-(2-quinolyl)-1,3-indanedione-sulfonic acid (D and C Yellow 10) are prepared and purified in high yield and in a high state of purity by subjecting their aqueous reaction mixtures to ultrafiltration through a membrane of such structure and under such conditions that the impurities are separated from the reaction mixtures, and the products are concentrated in high purity concentrates from which the products can be isolated directly by evaporation of the solvent.

Abstract: 3-(N-R.sup.2 -N-Acylamino)-7-(N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -amino)-10-acylphenothiazines and phenoxazines useful as color formers, particularly in electrochromic recording systems, are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 3-(N-R.sup.2 -amino)-7-(N-R.sup.3 -N-R.sup.4 -amino)phenothiazinium or phenoxazinium halide with a reducing agent to obtain the corresponding leuco compound and subsequently interacting the leuco compound with at least two molecular proportions of an acylating agent.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for the preparation of both known and novel [bis(substituted-aryl) (indolyl)]methanes and [(substituted-aryl) (heteryl) (indolyl)]methanes, useful as color formers, particularly in carbonless duplicating and thermal marking systems, which comprises the interaction of [bis(substituted-aryl) (phenylsulfonyl)]methanes and [(substituted-aryl) (heteryl) (phenylsulfonyl)]methanes with indoles in the presence of either an alkaline or an acidic catalyst.

Abstract: 3-(R-Carbonyloxy)-7-(N-R.sup.1 -N-R.sup.2 -amino)-10-(RCO)-phenothiazines useful as color formers, particularly in electrochromic recording systems, are prepared by the interaction of the corresponding 7-(N-R.sup.1 -N-R.sup.2 -amino)phenothiazin-3-one with a reducing agent to obtain the corresponding leuco compound and subsequently interacting the leuco compound with about two molecular proportions of an acylating agent.