Abstract: Techniques are provided for forming a gallium nitride flip-chip light-emitting diode. In an aspect, a device is provided that includes a gallium nitride layer, a passivation layer, a set of first conductive layers, and a second conductive layer. The gallium nitride layer is formed on a substrate that includes a first plurality of recesses associated with a first structure and a second plurality of recesses associated with a second structure, where the first plurality of recesses and the second plurality of recesses are associated with a first conductive material. The set of first conductive layers is formed on the passivation layer and corresponds to the first conductive material. The second conductive layer is formed on the passivation layer and corresponds to a second conductive material.

Abstract: Thin film transistors are provided that include a metal oxide active layer with source and drain regions having a reduced resistivity relative to the metal oxide based on doping of the source and drain regions at room temperature. In an aspect, a transistor structure is provided, that includes a substrate, and source and drain regions within a doped active layer having resulted from doping of an active layer comprising metal-oxide and formed on the substrate, wherein the doped active layer was doped at room temperature and without thermal annealing, thereby resulting in a reduction of a resistivity of the source and drain regions of the doped active layer relative to the active layer prior to the doping. In an aspect, the source and drain regions have a resistivity of about 10.0 m?·cm after being doped with stable ions and without subsequent activation of the ions via annealing.

Abstract: An electrically suppressed helix (ESH) ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) display cell with fast response includes: a liquid crystal layer, disposed between two transparent substrates, wherein helix pitch of chiral smectic liquid crystals of the liquid crystal layer is less than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer; at least one polarizer; and a voltage source, configured to apply electrical driving voltage pulses to electrodes of the display cell with amplitude greater than a critical voltage for helix unwinding of the chiral smectic liquid crystals.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for electrophoresis comprising: a separation channel in a substrate; and a plurality of capillary-well motifs cascading along the separation channel, each of the plurality of capillary-well motifs comprising a well and a plurality of non-intersecting capillaries, wherein the capillaries are downstream from the well and fluidly connected thereto, an interface between the well and the capillaries comprises a step profile. Also disclosed is a method comprising: obtaining a substrate comprising an insulator layer of an insulator material; forming a well and a plurality of trenches in the insulator layer so that only the insulator material is exposed to an interior of the well and the plurality of trenches; nonconformally depositing a film into the plurality of trenches until the film pinches off top openings of the trenches and forms a tubular void therein; transforming the tubular void into a capillary by annealing the film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal Fresnel lens is provided. The liquid crystal Fresnel lens includes a liquid crystal cell and two polarizers. The liquid crystal cell includes: two transparent substrates having conducting layers disposed thereon with alignment layers, wherein an alignment pattern formed by the alignment layers are configured to provide multiple alignment domains in a Fresnel zones pattern, and wherein an easy axis of adjacent alignment domains are oriented at an angle relative to one another; and a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer disposed between the two transparent substrates, wherein the ferroelectric liquid crystal layer has a planar surface orientation and smectic layers perpendicular to the two transparent substrates. The liquid crystal cell is disposed between the two polarizers.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to compositions containing and synthesis of fluorescent materials e made from tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivative compounds exhibiting aggregation induced emission (AIE) properties. Further contemplated herein are applications for TPE derivative compounds such as electroluminescent devices since they have a high efficiency, low turn on voltage, and excellent brightness. Additionally, application of TPE derivatives exhibiting AIE properties in various fields such as OLEDs, fingerprinting and forensic technology, and various other biological and industrial sectors are discussed.

Abstract: Sewage treatment is performed by using Sulphur to facilitate electron flow. A first cycle uses a sulphur composition having sulphur and/or sulphur compounds to transfer electrons from organic carbon to oxygen, nitrate and nitrite, and to convert phosphorus-containing compounds to solid material, which is retained in sewage sludge. The sulphur is further used to perform denitrification of nitrogen compounds. A further cycle uses oxygen to oxidize any ammonia present to nitrate and/or nitrite.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides adaptive cascaded equalization circuits for frequency spectrum compensation. The cascaded equalization are formed in circuit configurations to achieve configurable roll-up frequency responses to compensate for the loss of signal channels in the wire-line or optical communications, particularly but not exclusively, for the loss of signal trace in the wire-line communications, and photodetectors used in the optical communications. These cascaded equalization circuits include two or more stages of equalizers. The peaking frequencies of each stage are set to be different from each other, so that the overall frequency response characteristic has a unique frequency response with a roll-up slope. The equalization function is automatically tuned by an adaptive feedback control loop.

Abstract: An exponentially-scaling switched impedance circuit includes: two or more impedance scaling circuits, wherein each impedance scaling circuit comprises: an input port; an output port; and a switched impedance circuit connected in parallel to the output port. Each impedance scaling circuit is configured to provide an effective impedance at the input port corresponding to a scaled-down version of the exponentially-scaling switched impedance circuit. The two or more impedance scaling circuits are connected in a cascade such that an input of an impedance scaling circuit is connected to an output of a previous impedance scaling circuit and/or an output of the impedance scaling circuit is connected to an input of a next impedance scaling circuit.

Abstract: Locating mobile devices based on a junction of signal tiles is disclosed herein. Mobile devices are mapped to a convex hull within which the mobile device is likely to be located in based on a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) associated with an access point (AP). Using the RSSI from a set of APs, the mobile device can be located within a junction of a set of convex hulls, or tiles using a linear programming function. To mitigate signal noise and improve the accuracy of the location determination, the localization system can use the RSSIs of the APs that have signals with a predetermined signal dynamic range that leads to smaller tiles. Additionally, the localization system can reduce the search complexity of matching fingerprints to APs by partitioning the space into clusters with reference points that have similar signal vectors.

Abstract: Biological wastewater treatment of wastewater is performed by oxidizing organic carbon with sulfur or a sulfur compound as an electron carrier, and reducing the sulfur or sulfur compound to sulfide. The sulfide is oxidized with nitrate or oxygen. If necessary, ammonia is oxidized to nitrate and then reduced to nitrogen gas. The process is effective for saline waste water facilities, as well as non-saline waste water facilities.

Abstract: An electrical and thermal conductive paste composition includes a wetting agent that is arranged as a conduction promoter. Further, a method produces an electrical and thermal conductive paste composition by using a wetting agent as a conduction promoter or a conductivity promoter. The electrical and thermal conductivity of a conductive particle-filled polymer composite is enhanced by using the wetting agent. Capillary forces exerted by the wetting agent cause a particle-filled polymeric suspension to percolate at a decreased volume fraction into a highly conductive network and enhance the conductivity of the composite. Through a jamming gelation technique, the percolation threshold in the particle filled polymer composite is lowered to as low as 3 volume percent. As a result, the electrical and thermal conductivity of the composite is maintained at a significantly lower filler volume fraction with a reduction of particle filler content of up to 50 weight percent.

Abstract: A method of removing organic carbon in biological wastewater treatment includes the steps of: (a) oxidizing organic carbon to carbon dioxide with elemental sulfur as an electron carrier, and reducing the elemental sulfur to sulfide; (b) oxidizing the sulfide to elemental sulfur by recycled nitrate through controlling one or more of a recycling ratio to maintain an oxidation reduction potential (ORP) within the range of ?360 my to ?420 mv, using an auto ORP controller; (c) recycling the elemental sulfur formed during oxidation of the sulfide back to the oxidation of the organic carbon; and (d) oxidizing ammonium to nitrate then partially recycled back for sulfide oxidation.

Abstract: Video on demand is orchestrated between systems by linear program (LP) based multimedia storage and retrieval. An LP based storage and retrieval system can partition multimedia data into an integral number of segments. Further, the LP based storage and retrieval system can store a first amount of the integral number of segments in a storage device of storage devices of a storage network in response to a determination that a storage size of the storage device satisfies a first condition with respect to the first amount of the integral number of segments. Furthermore, such system can store a segment of a second amount of the integral number of segments in a remote storage device of the remote storage devices in response to a determination that the segment satisfies a second condition with respect to a defined number of remote storage devices of the storage devices that have stored the segment.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions, and related kits and methods, for formation of hydrogels. The compositions comprise one or more chemically crosslinkable agents dissolved in an aqueous solution to form a precursor solution. The chemically crosslinkable agents useful in the present invention are selected from polymers modified with a molecule selected from acrylate, maleimide, vinylsulfone, N-hydroxysuccinimide, aldehyde, ketone, carbodiimide, carbonate, iodoacetyl, mercaptonicotinamide, quinone, thiol, amine, and combinations thereof. The precursor solution is characterized as being in an aqueous form at a non-physiologic physical-chemical condition and undergoing gelation when in contact with another fluid or body at a physiologic physical-chemical condition.

Abstract: Roll-to-roll fabrication of predetermined or ordered three-dimensional nanostructure arrays is described. Provided methods can comprise imprinting a substrate with a two-dimensional (2-D) pattern by rolling a cylindrical pattern comprising a 2-D array of structures against a substrate. In addition, control or determination of nanostructure parameters via control of process parameters is provided.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for forming thin film transistors having a polycrystalline silicon active layer formed by metal-induced crystallization (MIC) of amorphous silicon in an oxidizing atmosphere. In an aspect, a transistor device, is provided that includes a source region and a drain region formed on a substrate, and an active channel region formed on the substrate and electrically connecting the source region and the drain region. The active channel region is formed with a polycrystalline silicon layer having resulted from annealing an amorphous silicon layer formed on the substrate and having a metal layer formed thereon, wherein the annealing of the amorphous silicon layer was at least partially performed in an oxidizing ambience, thereby resulting in crystallization of the amorphous silicon layer to form the polycrystalline silicon layer.

Abstract: A dispersed mobile-phase countercurrent chromatography system is described in which solutes are carried by a stream of dispersed mobile phase solvent through a column, or array of serially-connected columns, of stationary phase solvent with which the mobile phase solvent is immiscible. Solutes carried along by the stream of dispersed mobile-phase solvent will be equilibrated between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent. Because the mobile-phase is dispersed into mini-droplets much smaller in diameter than the column of stationary phase, the enhanced surface/volume ratio of the droplets expedites countercurrent equilibration of different solutes between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent in accordance with the distribution-coefficients of the solutes between the two solvents.

Abstract: Signal interference associated with multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) full-duplex wireless communication systems is reduced. In an example, first streams are received by a MIMO base station from uplink user devices based on a first availability of channel matrices and second streams are transmitted to downlink user devices based on a second availability of the channel matrices. A weighted sum of a first data rate for a first linear transceiver matrix and a second data rate of a second linear transceiver matrix is maximized based on the channel matrices, the first streams, and the second streams. The base station generates a first linear transceiver vector used in transmission of the first streams to the base station from the uplink user devices and a second linear transceiver vector used in transmission of the second streams from the base station to the downlink user devices.

Abstract: A fabrication method of a polarization grating is provided. The method includes providing a polarization-sensitive material; and causing two orthogonally polarized lights to scan the polarization-sensitive material and to meet on the polarization-sensitive material.