Abstract: A process for preparing a carboxylated latex containing an N-alkylolamide of an unsaturated carboxylic acid comprises carrying out the polymerization reaction in two or more stages in which the majority (or all) of the N-alkylolamide monomer is supplied to the second stage. The reaction may be carried out using a batch procedure but a continuous reaction is preferred. The product latex is particularly suitable for paper and textile applications and especially for use in paper coating compositions.

Abstract: A machine for the injection of liquid into the surface of soil comprises a sledge having a surface compacting base bounded by two runners, the lower surface of each runner being below the level of the compacting base. The base has a transverse slot dimensioned to receive a hollow pressurizable injection bar which has a lower face equipped with injection orifices, the lower face being flush with the compacting surface of the compacting base when the bar is in position. The machine is particularly useful for the injection of a soil stabilizing medium into soil while the soil is compacted. By this means it is possible to produce a compacted raised strip of soil which is smooth and stable and which in desert conditions prevents a build up of sand on roads.The invention includes a method for stabilizing soil by forming a compacted raised strip of soil and injecting a soil stabilizing medium into said strip to bond the compacted soil.