Abstract: Contrary to conventional wisdom, which holds that light-emitting diodes (LEDs) should be cooled to increase efficiency, the LEDs disclosed herein are heated to increase efficiency. Heating an LED operating at low forward bias voltage (e.g., V<kBT/q) can be accomplished by injecting phonons generated by non-radiative recombination back into the LED's semiconductor lattice. This raises the temperature of the LED's active rejection, resulting in thermally assisted injection of holes and carriers into the LED's active region. This phonon recycling or thermo-electric pumping process can be promoted by heating the LED with an external source (e.g., exhaust gases or waste heat from other electrical components). It can also be achieved via internal heat generation, e.g., by thermally insulating the LED's diode structure to prevent (rather than promote) heat dissipation. In other words, trapping heat generated by the LED within the LED increases LED efficiency under certain bias conditions.

Abstract: Methods and kits for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of metastatic tumors are provided where the metastatic tumor is characterized by changes in expression of +++, ++ and/or 11a variants of Mena.

Abstract: Wireless communication system for underground pipeline inspection. The system includes a plurality of sensor nodes moved by robots within the pipeline and each sensor node includes a radio transceiver. A plurality of spaced apart, above ground relay nodes are deployed along the pipeline, each relay node including a radio transceiver for communication with the sensor nodes. A remote monitoring center is provided in communication with the relay nodes, whereby a leak detected by a sensor node is communicated to the remote monitoring center. Each sensor node may further include a microcontroller, an accelerometer and a timer.

Abstract: The disclosure provides novel large serine recombinases and their respective recognition sites, as well as libraries of orthogonal recombinase recognition sites. Uses of the large serine recombinases, recognition sites, and libraries of orthogonal recombinase recognition sites also are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for targeting nucleic acids. In particular, the invention provides non-naturally occurring or engineered DNA or RNA-targeting systems comprising a novel DNA or RNA-targeting CRISPR effector protein and at least one targeting nucleic acid component like a guide RNA.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods and systems for carrying out a pH-influenced chemical and/or biological reaction. In some embodiments, the pH-influenced reaction involves the conversion of CO2 to a dissolved species.

Abstract: The invention provides a bio-sensing nanodevice comprising: a stabilized biologically-derived G-protein coupled receptor—the olfactory receptor—on a support, a real time receptor-ligand binding detection method, an odorant delivery system and an odorant recognition program. The biologically-derived G-protein coupled receptor can be stabilized on nanotechnology using surfactant peptide. The said nanodevice provides a greater surface area for better precision and sensitivity to odorant detection. The invention further provides a microfluidic chip containing a stabilized biologically-derived G-protein coupled receptor—the olfactory receptor—immobilized on a support, and arranged in at least two dimensional microarray system. The invention also provides a method of delivering odorant comprising the step of manipulating the bubbles in complex microfluidic networks wherein the bubbles travel in a microfluidic channel carrying a variety of gas samples to a precise location on a chip.

Abstract: A continuum style manipulator is actuated by jammable media within an envelope of a module, which is also actuated by a tensile element, such as a cable and spooler motor. Multiple modules may be reversibly added. Two or more tensile elements may also be used. Three or more actuated tensile elements can actuate three DOFs of each module, and the terminal module, as well as the entire manipulator. Jammable media may be granular, actuated by a pressure change. Coarsely ground coffee works well. Rather than a jammable media, tensile elements may alternatively be used with other phase change media, such as magnetorheological and electrorheological media. A high friction angle of the granular media is desirable, and has been achieved with a particle size dispersion including both small and relatively larger particles. Applications include endoscopes, proctoscopes, laparoscopic instruments, manufacturing and medical manipulators.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides nucleoside analogs of Formula (I) or (II). The nucleoside analogs are expected to show multiple tautomerism and may increase the mutation of an RNA and/or DNA (be mutagenic) of a virus or cancer cell. The multiple tautomerism and mutagenesis of the nucleoside analogs may be adjusted by substituting the nucleoside analogs with one or more electron-donating groups and/or electron-withdrawing groups to increase or decrease the pKa (e.g., to a pKa between 5.5 or 8.5). The present disclosure also provides pharmaceutical compositions and kits including the nucleoside analogs and methods of treating a viral infection (e.g., influenza, HIV infection, or hepatitis) or cancer using the nucleoside analogs, pharmaceutical compositions, or kits.

Abstract: A method of making a semiconductor nanocrystal can include contacting an M-containing compound with an X donor having the formula X(Y(R)3)3, where X is a group V element and Y is a group IV element.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to catalysts and processes for the Z-selective formation of internal olefin(s) from terminal olefin(s) via homo-metathesis reactions.

Abstract: Aminoalcohol lipidoids are prepared by reacting an amine with an epoxide-terminated compound are described. Methods of preparing aminoalcohol lipidoids from commercially available starting materials are also provided. Aminoalcohol lipidoids may be prepared from racemic or stereochemically pure epoxides. Aminoalcohol lipidoids or salts forms thereof are preferably biodegradable and biocompatible and may be used in a variety of drug delivery systems. Given the amino moiety of these aminoalcohol lipidoid compounds, they are particularly suited for the delivery of polynucleotides. Complexes, micelles, liposomes or particles containing the inventive lipidoids and polynucleotide have been prepared. The inventive lipidoids may also be used in preparing microparticles for drug delivery. They are particularly useful in delivering labile agents given their ability to buffer the pH of their surroundings.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide synthetic-biology platforms for in vivo genome editing, which enable the use of live cell genomes as “tape recorders” for long-term recording of event histories and analog memories.

Abstract: Dihydrogen metaphosphate can be synthesized via protonation, and can react with a dehydrating agent to afford tetrametaphosphate anhydride. A monohydrogen tetra-metaphosphate organic ester can be derived from the anhydride. A metal tetrametaphosphate complex can be prepared using a metal salt and a dihydrogen tetrametaphosphate.

Abstract: Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

Abstract: A field effect transistor that has a source, a drain, a gate and a semiconductor region. The semiconductor region has a source access region between the gate and the source, a drain access region between the gate and the drain, and a channel region under the gate. The channel region under the gate has a maximum current-carrying capability that is lower than a maximum current-carrying capability of the source access region.

Abstract: The present invention provides HA polypeptides (e.g., H1 HA polypeptides) that bind to umbrella-topology glycans, and reagents and methods relating thereto. The present invention provides binding agents that bind to HA polypeptides (e.g., H1 HA polypeptides), and reagents and methods relating thereto. The present invention provides interfering agents that inhibit the binding of HA polypeptides (e.g., H1 HA polypeptides) to HA receptors, and reagents and methods relating thereto. The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating, preventing, and/or diagnosing influenza infection utilizing HA polypeptides, HA polypeptide binding agents, HA polypeptide interfering agents, and/or vaccine compositions comprising any of the foregoing.

Abstract: Biocompatible adhesive materials, such as for use with biological tissues and/or medical implants, are provided, as well as methods and kits for making and using the biocompatible adhesive materials. The biocompatible adhesive materials include a dendrimer component and a polymer component, and may be tailored for specific tissue types and conditions.

Abstract: Multimode interference can be used to achieve ultra-high resolving powers (e.g., Q>105) with linewidths down to 10 pm at 1500 nm and a broad spectroscopy range (e.g., 400-2400 nm) within a monolithic, millimeter-scale device. For instance, multimode interference (MMI) in a tapered waveguide enables fine resolution and broadband spectroscopy in a compact, monolithic device. The operating range is limited by the transparency of the waveguide material and the sensitivity of the camera; thus, the technique can be easily extended into the ultraviolet and mid- and deep-infrared spectrum. Experiments show that a tapered fiber multimode interference spectrometer can operate across a range from 500 nm to 1600 nm (B=1.0576) without moving parts. The technique is suitable for on-chip tapered multimode waveguides, which could be fabricated in high volume by printing or optical lithography, for applications from biochemical sensing to the life and physical sciences.

Abstract: A method of tracking cell identity across analytical platforms uses stochastic barcoding (SB). SB uses a randomly generated code based on one or more of the number, color and position of beads encapsulated together with a set of cells of interest. SB use is demonstrated in an application where cells are transferred from a microwell array into a microtiter plate while keeping their identity, and obtained an average identification accuracy of 96% for transfer of 100 blocks. Model scaling of the method up to 1000 blocks demonstrated that SB is able to achieve approximately 90% accuracy.