Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for source classification using HDMI audio metadata. An example apparatus includes a metadata extractor to extract values of audio encoding parameters from HDMI metadata obtained from a monitored HDMI port of a media device, the HDMI metadata corresponding to media being output from the monitored HDMI port; map the extracted values of the audio encoding parameters to a first unique encoding class (UEC) in a set of defined UECs, different ones of the set of defined UECs corresponding to different combinations of possible values of the audio encoding parameters capable of being included in the HDMI metadata; and identify a media source corresponding to the media output from the HDMI port based on one or more possible media sources mapped to the first UEC.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to verify and/or correct media lineup information are disclosed. Disclosed example apparatus include means for determining reference media, the means for determining reference media to identify a plurality of first signatures in a database that matches a plurality of second signatures included in media presentation data representative of media output by a media device in response to a mismatch between the media presentation data and reference data associated with first reference media corresponding to a first station, the plurality of second signatures generated from the media output by the media device; and determine second reference media corresponding to the plurality of first signatures; and means for storing the media presentation data.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture (e.g., physical storage media) to implement flexible commercial monitoring for television audience measurement are disclosed. Example television audience measurement systems disclosed herein include a flexible commercial detector to detect whether a first watermark decoded from a television program broadcast signal is a bridge watermark that indicates a portion of the television broadcast signal including the bridge watermark is associated with a flexible commercial insertion event, the flexible commercial insertion event corresponding to insertion of a flexible commercial in the portion of the television broadcast signal. Disclosed example television audience measurement systems also include a commercial metric calculator to credit audience exposure associated with the portion of the television broadcast signal to a flexible commercial crediting metric in response to a determination that the first watermark is the bridge watermark.

Abstract: An example apparatus includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to cause transmission of media, received from a service provider, to a media device in response to a first request for the media, the media including instructions to cause the media device to determine a source Uniform Resource Locator and transmit a second request for metadata of the media to the apparatus, and cause transmission, to the media device in response to the second request, of metadata associated with the source Uniform Resource Locator.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, articles of manufacture, and methods to identify and credit media using ratios of media characteristics are disclosed herein. Example apparatus to identify media include at least one memory, instructions, and at least one processor to execute the instructions to: determine a first ratio based on a first time interval and a second time interval of a monitored media signal; determine a second ratio based on the second time interval and a third time interval of the monitored media signal; generate a first ratio signature based on the first and second ratios; and initiate transmission of the first ratio signature to a recipient that is to compare the first signature with a second ratio signature to identify the media.

Abstract: A method and system for adding overtly human-perceptible supplemental audio content into a media stream to help mask audio effects of an audio watermark in the media stream. A method involves receiving a media stream that defines a sequence of audio content presentable by a content presentation device, modifying the media stream to produce a modified media stream that defines the sequence of audio content, and outputting the modified media stream for presentation by the content presentation device. The modified media stream includes an audio watermark that is machine-detectable to trigger an interactive event. Further, the act of modifying the media stream involves adding into the media stream supplemental audio content coincident with the audio watermark, to help mask the audio watermark in the modified media stream during presentation of the modified media stream by the content presentation device.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to reduce noise from harmonic noise sources. An example apparatus includes at least one memory; at least one processor to execute the computer readable instructions to at least: determine a first amplitude value of a frequency component in a frequency spectrum of an audio sample; determine a set of points in the frequency spectrum having at least one of (a) amplitude values within an amplitude threshold of the first amplitude value, (b) frequency values within a frequency threshold of the first amplitude value, or (c) phase values within a phase threshold of the first amplitude value; increment a counter when a distance between (1) a second amplitude value in the set of points and (2) the first amplitude value satisfies a distance threshold; and when the counter satisfies a counter threshold, generate a contour trace based on the set of points.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed that collect media metrics on computing devices. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to determine a permission level of a meter and, in response to the determination, request a permission to access media data of an application programming interface (API), in response to determining a media session notification is available as indicated by the API, package media session data associated with the media session notification, the media session data extracted from metadata of the media session notification, obtain foreground information; and generate a package of metrics, the package of metrics including the packaged media session data and the foreground information.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to credit media based on the presentation rate. An example apparatus disclosed herein includes memory and instructions. The example apparatus disclosed herein further includes at least one processor to execute the instructions to cause the at least one processor to at least detect a first peak in a first frequency range of audio data associated with monitored media, detect a second peak in a second frequency range of the audio data, the second frequency range different from the first frequency range, detect that a presentation rate of the monitored media is increased relative to a reference version of the media in response to the second peak being greater than the first peak, generate a signature corresponding to the monitored media, and transmit the signature to a media monitoring entity to credit the monitored media based on the presentation rate.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to identify user presence to a meter. An example apparatus includes memory, instructions, and at least one hardware processor to execute the instructions to at least: obtain presence information from a configuration device, the configuration device separate from the apparatus, the presence information indicating that user is present at the apparatus; verify the presence information matches user information, the user information stored in a memory of the apparatus; cause a confirmation prompt to be displayed on the configuration device, the confirmation prompt to indicate the presence information was obtained by the apparatus; and store the presence information in memory.

Abstract: In one aspect, an example method includes a processor (1) applying a feature map network to an image to create a feature map comprising a grid of vectors characterizing at least one feature in the image and (2) applying a probability map network to the feature map to create a probability map assigning a probability to the at least one feature in the image, where the assigned probability corresponds to a likelihood that the at least one feature is an overlay. The method further includes the processor determining that the probability exceeds a threshold, and responsive to the processor determining that the probability exceeds the threshold, performing a processing action associated with the at least one feature.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed herein are to compare first monitored media signatures associated with an advertisement block to a plurality of sequences of monitored media signatures associated with a first time period; determine a start boundary and an end boundary of a first advertisement in the advertisement block based on the comparison of the first monitored media signatures and the plurality of sequences of monitored media signatures, the first advertisement associated with second monitored media signatures representative of a subset of the first monitored media signatures between the start boundary and the end boundary; generate an entry in an advertisement relationship graph for the second monitored media signatures, the entry to map second monitored media signatures to the first advertisement; and credit media exposure to the first advertisement based on the second monitored media signatures in the advertisement relationship graph.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed herein are to send a request to a media provider that is to cause the media provider to initiate transmission of a transport stream that is to provide streaming media to a media presentation device. Disclosed example apparatus are also to extract metering metadata from a data file to be received by the media presentation device after the transmission of the transport stream is initiated by the media provider but before receipt by the media presentation device of the transport stream that is to provide the streaming media to the media presentation device, the data file associated with the transport stream. Disclosed example apparatus are further to report the metering metadata to a server in response to a detected event, and access an identification of secondary media responsive to the report of the metering metadata, the secondary media to be presented by the media presentation device.

Abstract: Example methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture (e.g., physical storage media) to assign respondents to geographic locations for audience measurement are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein are to determine a set of constraints based on aggregate values of demographic features associated with respective ones of the geographic locations. Disclosed example apparatus are also to construct a model to return probabilities that respective ones the respondents are associated with the respective ones of the geographic locations, the model to have a set of parameters, respective ones of the parameters to be associated with respective ones of the constraints. Disclosed example apparatus are further to evaluate the model based on values of the set of parameters and values of the demographic features for a first one of the respondents to determine a set of probabilities that the first respondent is to be assigned to respective ones of the geographic locations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to model on/off states of media presentation devices based on return path data are disclosed. An apparatus includes a memory and processor circuitry to execute instructions stored in the memory to: generate a probability distribution of actual durations of first tuning segments, the first tuning segments representative of lengths of time during which panelists accessed first media; modify the lengths associated with ones of the first tuning segments to generate second tuning segments having second durations; and estimate a time when a media device associated with a return path data (RPD) device is powered on based on (i) the probability distribution, (ii) the second tuning segments, and (iii) a third tuning segment during which the RPD device accessed second media, the third tuning segment reported from the RPD device.

Abstract: Techniques for recommending media are described. A character preference function comprising a plurality of preference coefficients is accessed. A first character model comprises a first set of attribute values for the plurality of attributes of a first character. The first and second characters are associated with a first and second salience value, respectively. A second character model comprises a second set of attribute values for the plurality of attributes of a second character of the plurality of characters. A first character rating is calculated using the plurality of preference coefficients and the first set of attribute values. A second character rating of the second character is calculated using the plurality of preference coefficients with the second set of attribute values. A media rating is calculated based on the first and second salience values and the first and second character ratings. A media is recommended based on the media rating.

Abstract: Processor systems to estimate audience sizes and impression counts for different frequency intervals are disclosed. An example processor system includes a memory management unit (MMU) to assign requests from computing devices indicative of accesses to media to a first block of memory and to assign user-identified impression data corresponding to user-identified impressions to a second block of memory. The processor system including an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) to determine multipliers relating a first probability distribution for the user-identified impressions to a second probability distribution for census impressions. The multipliers based on probability constraints defined by weighted probabilities associated with the second probability distribution, where different ones of the probabilities weighted based on estimated populations for corresponding ones of the different demographics.

Abstract: An example apparatus includes at least one memory, instructions, and at least one processor to execute the instructions to generate electronic mobile measurement data based on network communications received from first client devices, select attributes associated with the electronic mobile measurement data to include in a model, generate the model based on the attributes and a first portion of the electronic mobile measurement data, determine a percentage of a second portion of the electronic mobile measurement data that the model correctly associates with corresponding first users of the first client devices, and when the percentage satisfies a threshold determine: (a) when a second user operating a second client device is a primary user, and (b) when the user operating the second client device is a third user, and associate demographic information of the second user with the electronic mobile measurement data to reduce a misattribution error.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed herein are to access first data entries from a first data source based on a first media identifier, the first data entries associated with first streaming media, respective ones of the first data entries including the first media identifier and corresponding timestamps that indicate when the first streaming media was presented or accessed via a group of media devices. Disclosed example apparatus are also to access second data entries from a second data source based on a keyword or phrase, the second data entries associated with news information or weather information. Disclosed example apparatus are further to align, based on the timestamps, the second data entries with values of a time varying audience of the first streaming media determined based on the first data entries to determine ratings data that correlates changes in the time varying audience with the news information or the weather information.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for identification of streaming activity and source for cached media on streaming devices. An example system stores, in a content identification information library, first content identification information of a first media presentation, wherein the first media presentation is a streamed media presentation; inspects a network connection of a media streaming device for network activity associated with a second media presentation; determine, in response to an absence of the network activity, the second media presentation is a cached media presentation; infers a streaming source of the second media presentation by matching second content identification information of the second media presentation with the first content identification information of the first media presentation; and generates a second media credit for the second media presentation that includes an inferred streaming source identifier.