Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed herein that increase a match rate for over-the-top media. An example apparatus includes an audience measurement interface to receive a first signature of media monitored by a panelist meter and a media element analyzer to compare the first signature to a reference signature stored in a reference database, in response to the first signature not matching the reference signature, compare the first signature to a preliminary signature stored in a preliminary database, determine a number of hits associated with a media element based on the second comparison, and when the number of hits meets a threshold, generate a second signature of the media element, the second signature having a greater duration than the preliminary signature, wherein the second signature is an expanded version of the preliminary signature.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a thermal image detector to determine a heat blob count based on a frame of thermal image data, the frame of thermal image data captured in the media environment, a comparator to compare the heat blob count to a prompted people count, the prompted people count based on one or more responses to a prompting message, and when the heat blob count and the prompted people count match, cause a timer that is to trigger generation of the prompting message to be reset.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for identification of streaming activity and source for cached media on streaming devices.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for detecting space-shifted media content associated with a digital recording/playback device are disclosed. An example apparatus includes means for detecting that first data associated with media is being written to a first storage of a first media device on a home network at a monitored location, the means for detecting to receive information on the first data from a first metering device and, in response to detecting the first data being written, request, from a second metering device, second data being read from a second storage of a second media device on the home network. The example apparatus also include means for determining that the media has been space-shifted to the first media device from the second media device when the first data that is being written to the first storage matches the second data being read from the second storage.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus to identify linear and non-linear media presentations are disclosed. An example method to determine whether a media presentation is a linear or a non-linear media presentation comprises generating a reference log comprising a first media identifier of first media and a time at which the first media was presented, accessing a media presentation log comprising a second media identifier of second media and a time at which the second media was presented, and determining whether the second media correspond to a linear media presentation or a non-linear media presentation by comparing the media presentation log to the reference log.

Abstract: Remote control devices to interface with audience measurement meters are disclosed. An example remote control device to interface with an audience measurement meter includes an audience management controller to, responsive to a gender value input via a user interface of the remote control device, store the gender value, responsive to an age value input via the user interface of the remote control device, store the age value, generate a message including the gender value and age value, and a transmitter to transmit the message to the audience measurement meter, the message including a sequence of infrared codes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to identify an emotion evoked by media are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a synthesizer to generate a first synthesized sample based on a pre-verbal utterance associated with a first emotion. A feature extractor is to identify a first value of a first feature of the first synthesized sample. The feature extractor to identify a second value of the first feature of first media evoking an unknown emotion. A classification engine is to create a model based on the first feature. The model is to establish a relationship between the first value of the first feature and the first emotion. The classification engine is to identify the first media as evoking the first emotion when the model indicates that the second value corresponds to the first value.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for calibrating data using relaxed benchmarks constraints are described. An example apparatus for generating a unique solution when calibrating data via a calibration model having relaxed benchmark constraints includes a calibration engine to execute the calibration model based on a target loss function, a weight loss function, and a budget parameter. The example apparatus further includes a calibrated weights determiner to determine calibrated weights resulting from execution of the calibration model. The example apparatus further includes a calibration model validator to incorporate a stability parameter into the calibration model in response to determining that the calibrated weights do not provide a unique solution for the executed calibration model. The stability parameter is to reduce an influence of the budget parameter on the calibration model to enable the generation of a unique solution.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to identify an episode number based on fingerprint and matched viewing information are disclosed. Example instructions, when executed, cause at least one processor to at least, access meter data, process the meter data to identify a presented show based on a bumper included in a show, filter the meter data based on the identification of the show, select a candidate episode, the candidate episode not associated with a known episode label, determine whether the candidate episode appears sequentially after a known episode for a threshold number of presentation locations, and label the candidate episode as the next sequential episode after the known episode in response to determining that the candidate episode appears sequentially after the known episode for the threshold number of presentation locations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to incorporate saturation effects into marketing mix models are disclosed. An example apparatus includes means for converting adstock data associated with an advertising campaign into effective reached realized (ERR) data based on a first saturation curve, the adstock data corresponding to adstocked gross rating points generated from marketing mix input data. The apparatus further including means for performing regression analysis to: identify the first saturation curve from among a plurality of plausible curves based on a fit of different ones of the plurality of plausible curves to the marketing mix input data, the first saturation curve to define a relationship indicative of saturation effects of the advertising campaign on a target audience of the advertising campaign; and determine an impact of the advertising campaign on sales during a period of interest based on a regression analysis of the ERR data relative to sales data.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and tangible computer readable storage media are disclosed to determine an operational status of a device. Disclosed example apparatus include a first sensor to be positioned a first distance from a wire to measure a first magnetic field associated with the wire, and a second sensor to be positioned a second distance, greater than the first distance, from the wire to measure a second magnetic field, the second distance to reduce detectability of the first magnetic field by the second sensor. Disclosed example apparatus further include a comparator to compare the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field to determine an operational status of the device, and a meter to collect audience measurement data based at least in part on the operational status of the device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to determine a state of a media presentation device are disclosed. Example disclosed methods include generating a first set of weighted coefficients based on first audio received by first and second microphones at a first time. Example disclosed methods include generating a second set of weighted coefficients based on second audio received by the first and second microphones at a second time after the first time. Example disclosed methods include comparing the first set of coefficients and the second set of coefficients to generate a similarity value. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value satisfies a threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a first state. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value does not satisfy the threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a second state.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture to monitor media are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a message extractor to extract message information from a message obtained from a streaming monitor at a media exposure measurement location, the message information including media identification information of media presented in a direct media network and media device information associated with at least one of a streaming client device associated with the direct media network or a media presentation device associated with the direct media network, a media device identifier to identify at least one of the streaming client device or the media presentation device based on the media device information, a media identifier to identify the media based on the media identification information, and a media creditor to credit the media as having been accessed in response to identifying the media.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to perform audio sensor selection in an audience metering device are disclosed. An example apparatus includes at least two audio sensors to receive audio at an audience metering device and a selection tester to identify a plurality of audio sensor configurations supported by the audience metering device, the plurality of audio sensor configurations identifying respective gain values to be applied to the plurality of audio sensors. The selection tester is further to select one of the first one of the audio sensor configurations or the second one of the audio sensor configurations based on a comparison of a first quality metric and a second quality metric. The example apparatus further includes a media identifier to identify audio received at the audience metering device using the selected one of the audio sensor configurations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to identify a type of media presented by a media player are disclosed herein. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a data analyzer to determine whether a user-selectable media application control presented in a user interface was activated in response to a user attempt to activate a user-selectable media application control while a media player application presented media. Disclosed example apparatus also include a media type analyzer to determine at least one of the media is an advertisement or the media includes an advertisement in response to a determination that the user-selectable media application control presented in the user interface was not activated in response to the user attempt to activate the user-selectable media application control while the media player application presented the media.

Abstract: Systems and methods for payload encoding and decoding are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein determine encoding data corresponding to one or more frequencies to be used to encode a message into audio data. Disclosed example apparatus also generate a license file including the encoding data, the license file corresponding to the message to be encoded into the audio data, the message to be encoded into the audio data by an encoding device. Disclosed example apparatus further transmit the license file to a decoding device to enable the decoding device to decode the message from the audio data based on the license file.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to identify user presence to a meter. An example apparatus includes a user input receiver to obtain presence information from a panelist via a prompt displayed by a user interface of the apparatus, the presence information indicating that the panelist is present at the meter separate from the apparatus, a configuration controller to package the presence information and insert an indication in the packaged presence information, the indication indicating the packaged information is to be sent to the meter via a remote server, and a wireless transceiver to transmit the packaged presence information to the remote server.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for associating different watermarks detected in media. An example method disclosed herein includes determining whether a first watermark detected in a media signal is represented in a watermark data structure and associating the first watermark with a first media presentation record associated with a second watermark in response to the first watermark being associated in the watermark data structure with the second watermark. The example method further includes transmitting monitoring data including the first media presentation record to an audience measurement entity.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to share online media impression data are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a communications interface; and a web browser to send a first request to an audience measurement entity via the communications interface; and send a second request via the communications interface to cause a database proprietor to send to the audience measurement entity a cookie mapping of an audience measurement entity cookie to a database proprietor cookie corresponding to a client.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to monitor media presentation to determine a period of media presentation based on tuning session period are disclosed. Example methods disclosed herein include determining a first tuning session based on a period of time between channel changes of a first media presentation device, determining first presentation session data within the determined first tuning session, determining a model relating the first tuning session with the first presentation session data, determine a second tuning session for tuning data from a second media presentation device, selecting the model for the second tuning session, based on a match of a first duration of the second tuning session and a second duration associated with the model, and estimating second presentation session data for the second tuning session based on the model.