Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a material creates a cavitation nucleus in a portion of the material by focusing optical radiation at the portion of the material and then causing mechanical disruption in another portion of the material adjacent the cavitation nucleus by subjecting the cavitation nucleus to ultrasound waves.

Abstract: This invention relates to an absorbance detector particularly adapted to liquid chromatography testing. In modern chromatography techniques, light is focused within a small capacity test sample cell, and an optical system is provided to measure the absorbance of various frequencies of light to thereby identify the existence of selected compounds. Inaccuracies of presently available detecting devices result since localized heating within the test cell generates localized index of refraction variations which refract the light in a random fashion such that it is not sensed by the detector. Additional distorting effects are caused by imperfections in the optical surfaces of the system and turbulence due to fluid flow within the sample cell. In accordance with this invention, an appropriate phase conjugator in the form of a retroreflective array is placed in the path of light exiting the sample cell.

Abstract: A method of treating hearing loss includes the step administering a composition to the mammal, wherein the composition consists essentially of a biologically effective amount of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, a vasodilator comprising magnesium, and, optionally, a withanolide, and/or resveratrol.